Impact of controlling karst rocky desertification on soil particulate organic carbon and aggregate-associated organic carbon
-
摘要:
文章以耕地为对照，分析不同石漠化治理措施（花椒林和次生林）对土壤0~20 cm土层有机碳(SOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、矿物结合有机碳(MOC)和团聚体有机碳的影响，探讨POC、MOC与SOC、团聚体有机碳的关系。结果表明：与耕地相比，花椒林和次生林均不同程度提高SOC、POC、MOC和团聚体有机碳含量。0~10 cm土层次生林SOC含量和各粒径团聚体有机碳含量均显著高于耕地和花椒林，在10~20 cm土层无显著差异；0~20 cm土层花椒林和次生林土壤POC含量显著高于耕地，MOC无显著差异。POC/SOC范围为20.38%~45.27%，花椒林和次生林显著高于耕地。相反，MOC/SOC为耕地显著高于花椒林和次生林 。退耕为花椒林和次生林后，SOC含量的增加主要以POC含量增加为主。次生林和花椒林>2 mm粒径对SOC贡献率显著高于耕地，但0.25~2 mm粒径、0.053~0.25 mm粒径和 < 0.053 mm粒径对SOC贡献率显著低于耕地。其相关分析表明：POC、MOC与SOC、团聚体有机碳的关系均呈正相关，表现为次生林 > 花椒林 > 耕地。退耕恢复为花椒林和次生林后，SOC、POC和MOC增加量与团聚体有机碳增加量显著相关，其以次生林的相关性较强。石漠化治理措施改变SOC物理组分及其组成以及它们之间的关系，从而促进有机碳的积累。
Abstract:The control measures of karst rocky desertification exert important influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) composition, and then affect the accumulation and stability of organic carbon. However, the effects of controlling karst rocky desertification on soil particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), and their relationship between SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon are still unclear.
Huajiang karst gorge area is one of the most typic demonstration areas of controlling karst rocky desertification in Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Before the 1990s, this area underwent extensive land degradation, which led to the acceleration of SOC emissions. The local people have developed several well-known control measures of rocky desertification, among which we selected two-conversion of cropland to secondary forest and to Zanthoxylum plantation-as study objects. Given cropland as reference, soil was collected in the layers at the depth of 0-20 cm to analyze the impact of the two selected measures on SOC, POC, MOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon as well as their relationship.
The results show that compared with cropland, the concentrations of SOC, POC, MOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon at the depth of 0-20 cm increase both in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest. The concentrations of SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon in secondary forest are significantly higher than those in Zanthoxylum plantation and cropland in the layers at the depth of 0-10 cm (P<0.05), but no significant difference is shown in the layers at the depth of 10-20 cm (P>0.05). The POC concentrations in both segments (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) significantly increase in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest, but the MOC concentrations show no significant changes. POC/SOC ranging from 20.38% to 45.27% is significantly higher in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest than that in cropland ( P<0.05). On the contrary, MOC/SOC in cropland is significantly higher than that in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest ( P<0.05). After the conversion of cropland to Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest, the SOC concentrations have increased mainly due to the increase of POC concentrations. The contribution rate of the particle size bigger than 2 mm to SOC in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest is significantly higher than that in cropland. However, the contribution rate of the particle size between 0.25-2 mm, between 0.053-0.25 mm and smaller than 0.053 mm respectively to SOC is significantly lower than that in cropland. The correlation analysis shows that POC and MOC are positively correlated with SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon. Their correlations are listed as follows,secondary forest>Zanthoxylum plantation>cropland. After the conversion, the increase of SOC, POC and MOC is significantly correlated with the increase of aggregate-associated organic carbon (P<0.05), with higher correlation in the secondary forest. The control measures of rocky desertification have changed SOC and its physical composition and their relationship, thus promoting the accumulation of organic carbon.
-
-
表 1 土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳及矿物结合有机碳变化
Table 1. Changes of soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon
土层/ cm SOC/g·kg−1 POC/g·kg−1 MOC/g·kg−1 POC/SOC (%) MOC/SOC (%) 0~10 耕地 21.50aA 6.05aA 15.45aA 27.92aA 72.08aA 花椒林 25.20aA 10.57bA 14.63aA 41.47bA 58.53bA 次生林 31.03bA 14.20cA 16.83aA 45.27bA 54.73bA 10~20 耕地 19.35aA 3.94aA 15.41aA 20.38aA 79.62aA 花椒林 22.37aA 8.24bA 14.14aA 36.75bA 63.25bA 次生林 22.79aB 7.26bB 15.53aA 31.48bB 68.52bB 注：不同小写字母表示同一土层不同土地利用间显著差异 (P<0.05)，不同大写字母表示同一土地利用不同土层间显著差异 (P<0.05)。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 土壤团聚体有机碳含量变化
Table 2. Change of soil aggregate-associated organic carbon
土层 有机碳含量/ g·kg−1 > 2 mm 0.25~2 mm 0.053~0.25 mm <0.053 mm 0~10 耕地 21.80aA 20.53aA 18.22aA 19.79aA 花椒林 24.46aA 23.06aA 21.77aA 24.01aA 次生林 30.45bA 28.88bA 30.52bA 30.63bA 10~20 耕地 19.79aA 19.27aA 18.21aA 18.80aA 花椒林 21.72aA 21.36aA 20.21aA 21.64aA 次生林 22.76aB 21.89aB 21.95aB 21.82aB 注：不同小写字母表示同一土层不同土地利用间显著差异 (P<0.05)；不同大写字母表示同一土地利用不同土层间显著差异 (P<0.05)。
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 颗粒有机碳、矿物结合有机碳与土壤有机碳、团聚体有机碳的相关关系
Table 3. Relationship between particulate organic carbon, mineral associated organic carbon and soil organic carbon, and aggregate-associated organic carbon
有机碳含量/g·kg−1 > 2 mm 0.25~2 mm 0.053~0.25 mm <0.053 mm SOC 耕地 POC 0.421 0.290 0.179 0.111 0.527 MOC 0.520 0.555 0.591* 0.685* 0.495 SOC 0.919** 0.824** 0.748** 0.773** 1.000 花椒林 POC 0.558 0.534 0.684* 0.591* 0.672* MOC 0.593* 0.632* 0.387 0.463 0.536 SOC 0.944** 0.954** 0.897** 0.873** 1.000 次生林 POC 0.958** 0.920** 0.854** 0.941** 0.944** MOC 0.635* 0.682* 0.714** 0.656* 0.691* SOC 0.991** 0.978** 0.937** 0.985** 1.000 注：* 为P<0.05 水平显著差异；**为P<0.01 水平显著差异。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 袁道先. 岩溶石漠化问题的全球视野和我国的治理对策与经验[J]. 草业科学, 2008, 25(9):19-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0629.2008.09.009
YUAN Daoxian. Global view on karst rock desertification and integrating control measures and experiences of China[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2008, 25(9):19-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0629.2008.09.009
[2] 蒋忠诚, 罗为群, 童立强, 程洋,杨奇勇,吴泽燕,梁建宏. 21 世纪西南岩溶石漠化演变特点及影响因素[J]. 中国岩溶, 2016, 35(5):461-468.
JIANG Zhongcheng, LUO Weiqun, TONG Liqiang, CHENG Yang,YANG Qiyong,WU Zeyan,LIANG Jianhong. Evolution features of rocky desertification and influence factors in karst areas of southwest China in the 21st century[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2016, 35(5):461-468.
[3] 陈洪松, 岳跃民, 王克林. 西南喀斯特地区石漠化综合治理: 成效、问题与对策[J]. 中国岩溶, 2018, 37(1):37-42.
CHEN Hongsong, YUE Yuemin, WANG Kelin. Comprehensive control on rocky desertification in karst regions of southwestern China: achievements, problems, and countermeasures[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2018, 37(1):37-42.
[4] Hu P L, Liu S J, Ye Y Y, Zhang W, He X Y, Su Y R, Wang K L. Soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation following agricultural abandonment in a subtropical karst region[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2018, 132:169-178. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.09.003
[5] Xiao K C, He T G, Chen H, Peng W X, Song T Q, Wang K L, Li D J. Impacts of vegetation restoration strategies on soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a karst area, southwest China[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2017, 101:247-254. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.01.037
[6] 刘淑娟, 张伟, 王克林, 苏以荣. 桂西北典型喀斯特峰丛洼地退耕还林还草的固碳效益评价[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(17):5528-5536.
LIU Shujuan, ZHANG Wei, WANG Kelin, SU Yirong. Evaluation of carbon sequestration after conversion of cropland to forest and grassland projection in karst peakcluster depression area of northwest Guangxi, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(17):5528-5536.
[7] 廖洪凯, 龙健. 喀斯特山区不同植被类型土壤有机碳的变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(9):2253-2258.
LIAO Hongkai, LONG Jian. Variation of soil organic carbon under different vegetation types in Karst mountain areas of Guizhou Province, Southwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(9):2253-2258.
[8] Qin Y, Xin Z, Wang D, Xiao Y. Soil organic carbon storage and its influencing factors in the riparian woodlands of a Chinese karst area[J]. Catena, 2017, 153: 21-29.
[9] Zhao Z H, Zhao Z Y, Fu B, Wang J Q, Tang W. Characteristics of soil organic carbon fractions under different land use patterns in a tropical area[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2021, 21(2):1-9.
[10] Schwendenmann L, Pendall E. Effects of forest conversion into grassland on soil aggregate structure and carbon storage in Panama: evidence from soil carbon fractionation and stable isotopes[J]. Plant and Soil, 2006, 288(1-2):217-232. doi: 10.1007/s11104-006-9109-0
[11] Cambardella C A, Elliott E T. Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grass land cultivation sequence[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1992, 56:777-783. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600030017x
[12] Damien H, Nathalie V, L Frédérique, Gael A, Julien P, Catherine P C, Isabelle B, Pascal C. How does soil particulate organic carbon respond to grazing intensity in permanent grasslands?[J]. Plant and Soil, 2015, 394(1):239-255.
[13] 章晓芳, 郑生猛, 夏银行, 胡亚军,苏以荣,陈香碧. 红壤丘陵区土壤有机碳组分对土地利用方式的响应特征[J]. 环境科学, 2020, 41(3):1466-1473.
ZHANG Xiaofang, ZHENG Shengmeng, XIA Yinhang, HU Yajun,SU Yirong,CHEN Xiangbi. Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions to Land Use Types in Hilly Red Soil Regions, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2020, 41(3):1466-1473.
[14] 唐光木, 徐万里, 盛建东,梁智,周勃,朱敏. 新疆绿洲农田不同开垦年限土壤有机碳及不同粒径土壤颗粒有机碳变化[J]. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(2):279-285. doi: 10.11766/trxb2010470211
TANG Guangmu, XU Wanli, SHENG Jiandong, LIANG Zhi,ZHOU Bo,ZHU Min. The variation of soil organic carbon and soil particle-size in xinjiang oasis farmland of different years[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(2):279-285. doi: 10.11766/trxb2010470211
[15] Six J, Callewaert P, Lenders S. Measuring and understanding carbon storage in afforested soils by physical fractionation[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2002, 66: 1981-1987.
[16] Turner J, Lambert M. Change in organic carbon in forest plantation soils in eastern Australia[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2000, 133(3):231-247. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00236-4
[17] 姬强, 孙汉印, 王勇, 刘帅,王旭东. 土壤颗粒有机碳和矿质结合有机碳对4种耕作措施的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(2):132-137.
JI Qiang, SUN Hanyin, WANG Yong, LIU Shuai,WANG Xudong. Responses of soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-bound organic carbon to four kinds of tillage practices[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 26(2):132-137.
[18] Six J, Elliott E T, Paustian K, Doran J W. Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1998, 62:1367-1377. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200050032x
[19] 梁爱珍, 张晓平, 杨学明, 申艳,时秀焕,范如芹,方华军. 黑土颗粒态有机碳与矿物结合态有机碳的变化研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(1):153-158. doi: 10.11766/trxb2010470122
LIANG Aizhen, ZHANG Xiaoping, YANG Xueming, SHEN Yan,SHI Xiuhuan,FAN Ruqin,FANG Huajun. Dynamics of soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-incorporated organic carbon in black soils in northeast China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(1):153-158. doi: 10.11766/trxb2010470122
[20] 周萍. 南方典型稻田土壤有机碳固定机制研究: 基于长期试验及跨地域统计分析[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2009.
ZHOU Ping. A study on soil carbon sequestration fate in typical paddy soils from south China:Based on long-term agro-ecosystem experiments and cross-site analysis[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2009.
[21] 毛艳玲, 杨玉盛, 崔纪超. 土壤团聚体颗粒有机碳对土地利用变化的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2011, 25(4):188-196.
MAO Yanling, YANG Yusheng, CUI Jichao. Response of land use on soil particulate organic carbon in aggregates[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 25(4):188-196.
[22] 廖洪凯, 李娟, 龙健, 张文娟,刘灵飞. 土地利用及退耕对喀斯特山区土壤活性有机碳的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(1):240-247.
LIAO Hongkai, LI Juan, LONG Jian, ZHANG Wenjuan, LIU Lingfei. Effects of land use and abandonment on soil labile organic carbon in the karst region of southwest China[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(1):240-247.
[23] 唐政, 李继光, 李慧, 张丽敏,李忠芳,娄翼来. 喀斯特土壤微生物和活性有机碳对生态恢复的快速响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2014, 23(7): 1130-1135.
TANG Zheng, LI Jiguang, LI Hui,ZHANG Limin,LI Zhongfang,LOU Yilai. Rapid responses of soil microbes and active organic carbon to eco-restoration in karst region[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014, 23(7): 1130-1135.
[24] 李娟, 廖洪凯, 龙健, 陈彩云. 喀斯特山区土地利用对土壤团聚体有机碳和活性有机碳特征的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(7):2147-2156. doi: 10.5846/stxb201201050026
LI Juan, LIAO Hongkai, LONG Jian, CHEN Caiyun. Effect of land use on the characteristics of organic carbon and labile organic carbon in soil aggregates in karst mountain areas[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(7):2147-2156. doi: 10.5846/stxb201201050026
[25] Benbi D K, Brar K, Toor A S, Singh P. Total and labile pools of soil organic carbon in cultivated and undisturbed soils in northern India[J]. Geoderma, 2015, 237-238:149-158. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.09.002
[26] 黄雪夏, 唐晓红, 魏朝富, 谢德体. 利用方式对紫色水稻土有机碳与颗粒态有机碳的影响[J]. 生态环境, 2007, 16(4):1277-1281.
HUANG Xuexia, TANG Xiaohong, WEI Chaofu, XIE Deti. Variation of total and particulate organic carbon in topsoil of a purple paddy under different land use practices[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2007, 16(4):1277-1281.
[27] Tang F K, Cui M, Lu Q, Liu Y G, Guo H Y, Zhou J X. Effects of vegetation restoration on the aggregate stability and distribution of aggregate-associated organic carbon in a typical karst gorge region[J]. Solid Earth, 2016, 7(1):141-151. doi: 10.5194/se-7-141-2016
[28] Zhong Z K, Han X H, Xu Y D, Zhang W, Fu S Y, Liu W C, Ren C J, Yang G H, Ren G X. Effects of land use change on organic carbon dynamics associated with soil aggregate fractions on the Loess Plateau, China [J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2019, 30(9):1070-1082.
[29] 刘梦云, 常庆瑞, 齐雁冰, 孙宁. 黄土台塬不同土地利用土壤有机碳与颗粒有机碳[J]. 自然资源学报, 2010, 25(2):218-226. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2010.02.006
LIU Mengyun, CHANG Qingrui, QI Yanbing, SUN Ning. Soil organic carbon and particulate organic carbon under different land use types on the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2010, 25(2):218-226. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2010.02.006
[30] 杨龙. 喀斯特石漠化治理生态修复模式下的碳汇效益监测评价[D]. 贵阳: 贵州师范大学, 2016.
YANG Long. Evaluations of carbon sink benefit under the ecological restoration model of karst rocky desertification[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou Normal University, 2016.
[31] 唐光木, 徐万里, 周勃, 梁智,葛春辉. 耕作年限对棉田土壤颗粒及矿物结合态有机碳的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(3):237-241.
TANG Guangmu, XU Wanli, ZHOU Bo, LIANG Zhi,GE Chunhui. Effects of cultivation years on particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon in cotton soil[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 27(3):237-241.
[32] 武均, 蔡立群, 张仁陟, 齐鹏,张军. 耕作措施对旱作农田土壤颗粒态有机碳的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(5):728-736.
WU Jun, CAI Liqun, ZHANG Renzhi, QI Peng,ZHANG Jun. Distribution of soil particulate organic carbon fractions as affected by tillage practices in dry farmland of the Loess Plateau of central Gansu Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2018, 26(5):728-736.
[33] 谭秋锦, 宋同清, 彭晚霞, 曾馥平,杜虎,杨钙仁,范夫静. 峡谷型喀斯特不同生态系统土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(3):671-678.
TAN Qiujin, SONG Tongqing, PENG Wanxia, ZENG Fuping,DU Hu,YANG Gairen,FAN Fujing. Stability and organic carbon characteristics of soil aggregates under different ecosystems in karst canyon region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(3):671-678.
[34] 陈海, 朱大运, 陈浒. 石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳的影响[J]. 中国岩溶, 2021, 40(2):346-354.
CHEN Hai, ZHU Dayun, CHEN Hu. Effects of land-use patterns on soil aggregate stability and organic carbon in rocky desertification areas[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2021, 40(2):346-354.
-
图(3)
表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1537
- PDF下载数: 73
- 施引文献: 0