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南海南部北康盆地生物礁的类型及油气勘探前景

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文章导航 > 中国地质 > 2017 > 44(3): 428-438

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杨振, 张光学, 张莉, 鄢伟, 林珍, 骆帅兵, 钱星. 2017. 南海南部北康盆地生物礁的类型及油气勘探前景[J]. 中国地质, 44(3): 428-438. doi: 10.12029/gc20170302
引用本文: 杨振, 张光学, 张莉, 鄢伟, 林珍, 骆帅兵, 钱星. 2017. 南海南部北康盆地生物礁的类型及油气勘探前景[J]. 中国地质, 44(3): 428-438. doi: 10.12029/gc20170302
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YANG Zhen, ZHANG Guangxue, ZHANG Li, YAN Wei, LIN Zhen, LUO Shuaibin, QIAN Xing. 2017. The style and hydrocarbon prospects of reefs in the Beikang Basin, southern South China Sea[J]. Geology in China, 44(3): 428-438. doi: 10.12029/gc20170302
Citation: YANG Zhen, ZHANG Guangxue, ZHANG Li, YAN Wei, LIN Zhen, LUO Shuaibin, QIAN Xing. 2017. The style and hydrocarbon prospects of reefs in the Beikang Basin, southern South China Sea[J]. Geology in China, 44(3): 428-438. doi: 10.12029/gc20170302
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南海南部北康盆地生物礁的类型及油气勘探前景

  • 广州海洋地质调查局, 国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室, 中国地质调查局海洋石油天然气地质研究中心, 广东 广州 510075

  • 基金项目:
    国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金（KLMMR-2017-A-14）和中国地质调查局项目（DD20160155）联合资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 杨振, 男, 1984年生, 博士后, 主要从事海洋碳酸盐台地发育演化、含油气性及古季风气候研究, E-mail:yangzhen011043@163.com
    通讯作者: 张光学, 男, 1965年生, 教授级高级工程师, 主要从事海域油气和天然气水合物资源调查与研究工作, E-mail:zhguangxue@gmgs.cn

  • 中图分类号: P744.4

The style and hydrocarbon prospects of reefs in the Beikang Basin, southern South China Sea

  • MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Marine Petroleum and Gas geological Research Center, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, Guangdong, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by the Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources (KLMMR-2017-A-14) and Geological Investigation of China Geological Survey (No. DD20160155)
More Information
    Author Bio: YANG Zhen, male, born in 1984, post-doctor researcher, engages in the study of evolution and hydrocarbon of marine carbonate platform and paleoclimatology; E-mail: yangzhen011043@163.com .
    Corresponding author: ZHANG Guangxue, male, born in 1965, professor, engages in the study of geology of deepwater oil gas and gas hydrate; E-mail:zhguangxue@gmgs.cn

    摘要

  • 南海南部北康盆地发育大量的生物礁，蕴藏丰富的油气资源。文章基于北康盆地高精度地震数据及钻井数据的研究表明，北康盆地的生物礁成像较好、类型齐全，有点礁、台地边缘礁、块状礁、层状礁、塔礁、环礁共6类型。其发育演化可以分为4个阶段，分别为早中新世的初始发育阶段、中中新世早期的繁盛阶段、中中新世晚期的衰退阶段和晚中新世的淹没阶段。古近纪及早中新世的断裂活动产生了大量的构造高点，为生物礁的初始发育创造了条件，而中中新世以来基底快速沉降导致的相对海平面的快速上升决定了生物礁主要发育于中中新世时期，而晚中新世以来相对海平面持续上升，致使生物礁退积到隆起顶部，从而进入淹没阶段。北康盆地的生物礁数量多、规模大，而且很少受后期成岩作用的二次改造，具备优质储层形成的前提。同时，区域烃源岩、疏导体系、盖层及生物礁的分布等油气地质条件，决定了中部隆起西部和东部隆起东部是北康盆地今后生物礁油气勘探的重点区域。

    During the Miocene, there were a number of reefs developed in the Beikang Basin, which constitute potential for hydrocarbon exploration. The high-resolution seismic data and numerous well drilling data have provided an opportunity to understand the evolution of reefs in the study area. Six types of reefs were identified, i.e., point reef, platform-edge reef, block reef, bedded reef, pinnacle reef, and atoll reef, and their development could be divided into four stages. In early Miocene, a few point reefs small in size initiated in this basin and they flourished in the early middle Miocene and mainly developed around the Central Uplift and Eastern Uplift. However, the reefs began to wither in the late middle Miocene in response to a rapid relative sea level rise which was caused by the loading subsidence. Since late Miocene, with the continuous rising of the relative sea level, many reefs formerly developed around the Central Uplift and Eastern Uplift have been submerged and only some atoll reefs have survived around the islands on the Eastern Uplift. Additionally, the numerous reefs which are little influenced by later diagenesis are favorable reservoirs for hydrocarbon exploration. The match relation of regional hydrocarbon rock, dredged system and the distribution of reefs indicates that the west of Central Uplift and the east of Eastern Uplift seem to be the favorable exploration zones for the hydrocarbon exploration of reefs in the Beikang Basin.

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  • 图 1  南海南部沉积盆地分布及研究区位置图(A)及研究区的构造区划及地震测线分布、钻井位置图(B)（据王宏斌等，2001修改）

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  北康盆地过Mulu-1井的地震剖面

    Figure 2. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3  北康盆地综合地层柱状图

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  北康盆地点礁及塔礁的地震反射特征

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  北康盆地块状礁及台地边缘礁的地震反射特征

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  北康盆地块状礁的地震反射特征

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  北康盆地塔礁和环礁的地震反射特征

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  南海南部北康盆地生物礁的发育模式

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  曾母盆地南康台地典型礁性油气田（据杨楚鹏等，2014修改）

    Figure 9. 

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收稿日期:  2017-06-03
修回日期:  2017-06-14
刊出日期:  2017-06-25

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