The control of the old (abandoned course of) Yellow River fault zone in Xuzhou on the karst collapse
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摘要:
徐州城区是岩溶塌陷地质灾害危害严重的区域，已发生的塌陷均展布在废黄河断裂带内，有明显的规律性，为断裂带地下水富集区过量抽水所造成。研究表明，废黄河断裂带内岩溶发育，发育有向上开口的溶洞和裂隙，断裂带沟通了不同时代的含水层，形成了地下水强径流带或富集带；地堑式断裂带构成的负地形形成了晚更新世和全新世古河道，古河道区域形成"单一透水型盖层"和"透-阻型盖层"，使黄河泛滥沉积的砂性土直接覆盖在岩溶含水层上，为过量抽水发生岩溶塌陷提供了重要水动力条件。因此，废黄河断裂带及其伴生断裂控制了岩溶塌陷的形成条件，特别是岩溶发育强度、岩溶水文地质结构和地下水富集规律。
Abstract:The urban area of Xuzhou has had serious karst collapse geological hazards which are widely distributed in the old Yellow River fault zone. There exists obvious regularity that the karst collapses are caused by excessive groundwater exploitation, and the fault zone is enriched with groundwater. The research shows that the karst is developed well in the old Yellow River fault zone and there are upward opening karst caves and fissure. The fault zone has linked up aquifers of different ages and thus has formed fierce runoff belt or enrichment belt of groundwater. The graben fault zone constituted negative landforms which formed the late Pleistocene and Holocene paleochannels. The paleochannels become "permeable-only covering layer" and "permeable-aquiclude covering layer" which made the sandy soil of the Yellow River flood sediments directly cover the karst aquifers. Then they provided important hydrodynamic conditions for the karst collapse which was caused by excessive groundwater exploitation. Therefore the extensional-shear fault zone and the accompanying fractures have controlled the formation conditions of karst collapses, especially karst development, karst hydrogeological structure and enrichment regularity of groundwater.
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Key words:
- karst collapse /
- old Yellow River fault zone /
- controlling role /
- Xuzhou
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表 2 废黄河断裂带内外岩溶率对比
Table 2. The correlation of rates of karstification inside and outside the old Yellow River fault zone
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表 3 断裂带内外岩溶水富水性统计对比
Table 3. The correlation of water abundances inside and outside the fault zone
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