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华南大陆东部若干构造问题的思考

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宋传中, 李加好, 严加永, 王阳阳, 刘振东, 袁芳, 李振伟. 2019. 华南大陆东部若干构造问题的思考[J]. 中国地质, 46(4): 704-722. doi: 10.12029/gc20190403
引用本文: 宋传中, 李加好, 严加永, 王阳阳, 刘振东, 袁芳, 李振伟. 2019. 华南大陆东部若干构造问题的思考[J]. 中国地质, 46(4): 704-722. doi: 10.12029/gc20190403
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SONG Chuanzhong, LI Jiahao, YAN Jiayong, WANG Yangyang, LIU Zhendong, YUAN Fang, LI Zhenwei. 2019. A tentative discussion on some tectonic problems in the east of South China continent[J]. Geology in China, 46(4): 704-722. doi: 10.12029/gc20190403
Citation: SONG Chuanzhong, LI Jiahao, YAN Jiayong, WANG Yangyang, LIU Zhendong, YUAN Fang, LI Zhenwei. 2019. A tentative discussion on some tectonic problems in the east of South China continent[J]. Geology in China, 46(4): 704-722. doi: 10.12029/gc20190403
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华南大陆东部若干构造问题的思考

  • 1.

    合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 安徽 合肥 230009

  • 2.

    中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所, 国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室, 北京 100037

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局项目（DD20160082）和国家重点研发计划专项课题（2016YFC0600201）共同资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 宋传中, 男, 1954年生, 教授, 博士生导师, 从事大地构造与构造地质学研究, E-mail:czsong69@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P548

A tentative discussion on some tectonic problems in the east of South China continent

  • 1.

    School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China

  • 2.

    MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by China Geological Survey Program (No. DD20160082) and National Key Research and Development Project (No. 2016YFC0600201)
More Information
    Author Bio: SONG Chuanzhong, male, born in 1954, professor, supervisor of doctor candidates, majors in tectonics and structural geology; E−mail:czsong69@163.com .

    摘要

  • 华南大陆的结构、属性、过程与动力学一直是地质学家关注的热点。本文以钦杭构造带东段为主要研究地区，通过精细的构造解析、变质变形研究、年代学分析，结合反射地震剖面，探讨了华南大陆东部几个科学问题。（1）江南造山带形成于新元古代华夏板块与扬子板块的“软碰撞”作用，可划分为扬子板块南缘、扬子—华夏汇聚带和华夏板块北缘3个构造单元，江南断裂带和武夷山—遂昌断裂带分别为江南造山带的北界和南界。（2）扬子—华夏板块汇聚带由多个小板块拼合而成，其间有多条缝合带，大约900 Ma开始汇聚，760 Ma全面闭合，850~780 Ma为活动高峰期，具有递变式的汇聚拼合过程，由南向北发展，先斜向俯冲，后右旋走滑，最晚集中在中部活动。（3）华南大陆东部为中生代奠定的构造格架，主要构造为一系列北东走向褶皱和逆冲断层，大量地壳范围内的叠瓦状逆冲推覆构造，由南向北逆冲，可下切到中—下地壳。（4）华南大陆燕山晚期区域性伸展构造广泛发育，存在“华南热隆”构造，震旦系内的滑覆构造典型，同期大规模岩浆活动、火山活动和大规模的热液成矿。（5）华南大陆构造演化为：850 Ma扬子—华夏板块递进式汇聚，760 Ma全面拼合，江南造山带形成；600 Ma华南大陆盖层发育；430 Ma钦杭构造带受南部构造影响；220 Ma钦杭构造带受北部远程构造影响；160 Ma逆冲推覆构造产生；140 Ma大规模伸展，构造-岩浆-成矿关系密切；随后江南持续隆升，华南强烈热隆。

    The structure, properties, processes and dynamics of the south China continent have always been the focus among geologists. In this paper, the eastern part of the Qinghang tectonic belt was taken as the main research area. Based on detailed structural analysis, metamorphism and deformation research, chronology analysis and reflection seismic profile, the authors investigated several scientific problems in the eastern part of the south China continent. (1) The Jiangnan orogenic belt was formed by the "soft collision" between the Cathaysia plate and the Yangtze plate in late Proterozoic, which can be divided into three tectonic units:the southern margin of the Yangtze plate, the Yangtze-Cathaysia convergence belt and the northern margin of the Cathaysia plate. The Jiangnan fault belt and The Wuyishan-Suichang fault belt are the northern and southern boundary of the Jiangnan orogenic belt, respectively. (2) The Yangtze-Cathaysia convergence belt is composed of several small plates and suture zones. The convergence between them was progressive from south to north. It was shown as oblique subduction at first, followed by dextral strikeslipping, and the activity was concentrated in the middle at the latest. It began at about 900 Ma, reached its climax in 850~780 Ma and was closed completely at about 760 Ma. (3) The tectonic framework of the east of South China continent was established in the Mesozoic. The main structure was a series of NE-striking folds and thrust faults. A large number of imbricated thrusting nappe structures with thrusting movement from south to north originated from the middle-lower crust scale. (4) The regional extensional structures were widely developed in the east of the South China continent in late Yanshanian which led to the formation of "the South China thermal upwelling". It developed typical sliding nappe structures in the Sinian strata. The large-scale magmatic activity, volcanic activity and large-scale hydrothermal mineralization took place at the same time. (5) The tectonic evolution of the South China continent is as follows:The peak of progressive convergence between the Yangtze-Cathaysia plate took place at about 850 Ma. Plates were closed completely and the Jiangnan orogenic belt was formed at about 760 Ma. Then the development of cover of South China continent began at 600 Ma. The Qinhang tectonic belt was affected by the southern structure and the remote effect of the north structures at 430 Ma and 220 Ma, respectively. Thrust nappe structure was widely developed at 160 Ma, while widespread extensional structures was developed at 140 Ma. The tectonic-magma-mineralization had close relationship. Then the Jiangnan belt continued to uplift and the South China became a thermo-upwelling.

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  • 图 1  钦杭构造带东段构造单元划分简图

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  江南隆起的构造变形

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  璜山和浬浦地区韧性剪切带内的糜棱岩

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  扬子—华夏缝合带构造略图

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  景德镇—歙县断裂带内构造片岩和糜棱岩

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  景德镇—歙县断裂带石英动态重结晶和云母鱼

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  歙县、许村、休宁花岗闪长岩岩体锆石年龄谐和图

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  德兴—白际山断裂带内糜棱岩构造特征

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  德兴—白际山断裂带内同构造花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

    Figure 9. 

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    图 10  横峰—建德断裂带内的构造片岩和糜棱岩

    Figure 10. 

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    图 11  横峰—建德断裂带应力状态

    Figure 11. 

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    图 12  江山—绍兴断裂带的构造变形特征

    Figure 12. 

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    图 13  江山—绍兴断裂带岩石锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

    Figure 13. 

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    图 14  江西、浙江地区的滑覆构造

    Figure 14. 

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    图 15  华南大陆东部构造演化图

    Figure 15. 

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