The discovery of the Paleoproterozoic syenite in Helishan, Gansu Province, and its implications for the tectonic attribution of the Alxa Block
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摘要:
阿拉善地块的大地构造属性是近年来地质界激烈争论的科学问题：是华北克拉通的一部分，还是在前寒武纪尚未与华北克拉通拼合?研究阿拉善地块的基底并与华北克拉通主体进行对比，对探讨这一问题具有重要启示。阿拉善地块的基底仅在其东部和西南缘零星出露，且前人的研究主要集中在地块东部。在阿拉善地块西部的合黎山地区，有正长岩侵入龙首山群，并被震旦系不整合覆盖。该正长岩强烈富钾（K2O=13.77%），轻、重稀土明显分异（（La/Yb）N=46.62），显示Nb-Ta负异常和Pb-Zr-Hf正异常，并具有高Sr低Nd的同位素特征（εNd（t）=-5.05），表明该岩体源于玄武质下地壳的部分熔融。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明，该正长岩形成于（1872 ±12）Ma，即古元古代，并记录了~2.7 Ga的地壳生长以及~2.5 Ga和~1.95 Ga的岩浆活动。合黎山古元古代正长岩的发现补充了阿拉善地块前寒武纪基底的组成，进一步完善了阿拉善地块新太古代-古元古代基底和构造热事件的时代格架，且与华北克拉通主体十分相似，指示二者具有明显的亲缘性。
Abstract:The tectonic affinity of the Alxa block has long been in debate. It may be part of the North China Craton (NCC), or independent from the NCC during the Precambrian. The comparison of basements between the Alxa block and the NCC would be helpful to solving this dispute, but the Alxa basement is relatively poorly studied due to limited outcrops, with most of available data reported in eastern Alxa. Recently, a syenite that intruded into the Longshoushan Group has been sampled in Helishan area, western Alxa, and both of them are unconformably covered by Sinian strata. The Helishan syenite is characterized by extremely enriched K2O (13.77%) and LREE[(La/Yb)N=46.62], and shows distinct negative and positive anomalies of Nb-Ta and Pb-Zr-Hf, respectively, with EM-I type Sr-Nd isotope features (εNd(t)=-5.05), implying partial melting of basaltic lower crust. Moreover, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb data indicate that this syenite was formed during Paleoproterozoic (1872 ±12) Ma and display records of~2.7 Ga crustal growth and~2.5, 2.1 and 1.95 Ga magmatic activities. According to data from this study and previously published data, the Neoarchean-Pelaoproterozoic basements and tectono-thermal events of the Alxa block and the NCC are geochronologically consistent, indicating very close affinity between them.
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图 1 阿拉善地块大地构造位置（a据Zhao et al., 2005修改）和地质简图（b据Gong et al., 2012修改）
Figure 1.
表 1 合黎山古元古代正长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年数据
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb data for the Paleoproterozoic syenite in Helishan
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表 2 合黎山正长岩主量（%）及微量元素（10-6）含量
Table 2. Major (%) and trace element (10-6) concentrations of the Paleoproterozoic syenite in Helishan
下载: 导出CSV
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