Research on the modes of occurrence and application of geothermal resources in the middle and deep layers of the piedmont area in southern Guanzhong Basin
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摘要:
地热资源的广泛利用有助于减少化石燃料的使用、降低雾霾污染。关中盆地南部山前地区的地热资源丰富，开发潜力大，但研究程度较低。本文概述了关中盆地南部山前地区的自然地理概况，分析了该区域地热资源开发利用过程中存在的问题，总结了区域地热载体特征和构造单元特征，划分了区域内近地表处（20 m）、深层（1500 m）处、地温梯度以及大地热流值分布情况。按赋存条件的不同，将地热流体分为四个地段，并详细论述每段的地质特征和成因模式。认为研究区地热资源主要来源于地球的内部热能，其次为地壳中放射性元素衰变、矿物转化过程中产生的热能以及少量生物降解产生的能量，将地热资源的形成模式分为热传导型和热对流型两类，热传导型地热资源广泛分布，热对流型地热资源分布在导通深部高温部位的断裂带附近。采用体积法计算了关中盆地南部山前地区地热单元储存的总热量，4000 m以深暂难利用的地热资源量及4000 m以浅能利用的地热资源量。采用热流量法计算了宝鸡温水沟、眉县汤浴、蓝田汤浴、华清池和西安东大等高地温异常区的地热流体资源量。根据研究区地热资源赋存规律，划分了地热资源的鼓励开采区和保持开采区，指明了地热资源的利用方向。本文旨在适时推动陕西省关中盆地南部山前地区的清洁能源事业，为区域地热资源的科学、长期开发提供理论依据。
Abstract:Widespread use of geothermal resources helps reduce the use of fossil fuels and the management of haze. There are rich geothermal resources on the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain, but the research work is slow and unevenly distributed. This paper outlines the natural geography of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain, discusses the characteristics of regional geothermal carriers and structural units, describes the distribution at the depth of near-surface (20 m) and deep place (1500 m) as well as geothermal gradients and Geothermal flow value. According to the different characteristics, the geothermal fluid on the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain is divided into four sections, with a discussion given to the characteristics of each section. The authors analyzed geothermal resources on the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain:the main source of energy is the conduction of heat inside the earth, supplementary energy is thermal energy generated by the decay of radioactive elements in rocks in deep formations, and thermal energy is generated during the conversion of montmorillonite to illite and biodegradation of organic matter heat energy. The formation patterns of geothermal resources on the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain are divided into heat conduction type and thermal convection type:Heat conduction geothermal resources are widely distributed, and thermal convection geothermal resources are mainly distributed in areas where deep faults are directly connected with the surface and in the vicinity of the fault zone. The authors calculated the total heat stored in the geothermal unit using the volumetric method and the amount of geothermal resources that are difficult to be used at 4000 m as well as the amount of geothermal resources that can be utilized at 4000 m. The authors calculated the geothermal fluid resources of Wenshuigou in Baoji, Tangyu in Meixian, Tangyu in Lantian, Huaqing Pool and Dongda in Xi'an by using heat flow method. According to the law of geothermal resource occurrence in the study area, the authors divided the whole region into encouraged mining area of geothermal resources and maintained mining area, and pointed out the direction of geothermal resources utilization. The purpose of this paper is to promote the clean energy industry on the northern foot of Qinling Mountains in a timely manner and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific and long-term development of geothermal resources.
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