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藏北阿翁错地区中基性脉岩年代学、地球化学特征及其板内伸展构造作用

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吴建亮, 尹显科, 王波, 刘文, 雷传扬, 李威, 张伟. 2019. 藏北阿翁错地区中基性脉岩年代学、地球化学特征及其板内伸展构造作用[J]. 中国地质, 46(6): 1356-1371. doi: 10.12029/gc20190608
引用本文: 吴建亮, 尹显科, 王波, 刘文, 雷传扬, 李威, 张伟. 2019. 藏北阿翁错地区中基性脉岩年代学、地球化学特征及其板内伸展构造作用[J]. 中国地质, 46(6): 1356-1371. doi: 10.12029/gc20190608
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WU Jianliang, YIN Xianke, WANG Bo, LIU Wen, LEI Chuanyang, LI Wei, ZHANG Wei. 2019. Geochemistry and geochronotry of intermediate-basic dikes in Awengcuo area of north Tibet and intraplate extensional structures[J]. Geology in China, 46(6): 1356-1371. doi: 10.12029/gc20190608
Citation: WU Jianliang, YIN Xianke, WANG Bo, LIU Wen, LEI Chuanyang, LI Wei, ZHANG Wei. 2019. Geochemistry and geochronotry of intermediate-basic dikes in Awengcuo area of north Tibet and intraplate extensional structures[J]. Geology in China, 46(6): 1356-1371. doi: 10.12029/gc20190608
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藏北阿翁错地区中基性脉岩年代学、地球化学特征及其板内伸展构造作用

  • 四川省地质调查院 稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室, 四川 成都 610081

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局项目(D2010026-101)资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 吴建亮, 男, 1988年生, 硕士, 工程师, 主要从事区域地质、矿产调查及相关研究工作; E-mail:398964807@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P597+.3

Geochemistry and geochronotry of intermediate-basic dikes in Awengcuo area of north Tibet and intraplate extensional structures

  • Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081 Sichuan, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by China Geological Survey Program (No.D2010026-010)
More Information
    Author Bio: WU Jianliang, male, born in 1988, master, engineer, engages in regional geological mineral survey and research; E−mail: 398964807@qq.com .

    摘要

  • 班公湖—怒江缝合带在中生代的构造岩浆演化是青藏高原基础地质研究的热点之一。在该缝合带南部的北冈底斯地区发育有大量的中生代火山岩及相关岩浆岩，其岩石成因与成岩地球动力学背景长期以来存在较大的争议。本文以班公湖—怒江缝合带西段阿翁错地区的中基性脉岩为研究对象，对该地区广泛发育的脉岩的形成时代、岩石成因、构造环境以及动力学背景进行了探讨。研究区辉绿岩脉以低硅(SiO2=50.03%~51.13%)、低铝(Al2O3=15.52%~16.03%、低钛(TiO2=1.22%~1.31%)、富镁(MgO=9.19%~10.37%)、富钠(Na2O=3.10%~3.58%，Na2O/K2O=1.73~1.87)为特征；闪长岩脉以相对高硅(SiO2=55.58%~56.22%)、低镁(MgO=4.69%~4.64%)、低钛(TiO2=1.01%~1.06%)、高铝(Al2O3=17.74%~18.72%)、富钠(Na2O=1.55%~5.03%，Na2O/K2O=1.81~3.61)为特征，属于钠质低钾钙碱性系列岩石。二者轻重稀土元素分馏明显，均表现为右倾型，具弱的Eu负异常，重稀土元素总体上变化不大。微量元素上均表现出以富集Rb、U等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土(LREE)元素，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti高场强元素(HFSE)为特征。年代学分析结果显示研究区闪长岩脉LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(99.2±1.2)Ma，辉绿岩脉LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(108.4±2.9)Ma，属于早白垩世晚期向晚白垩世过渡期间，其岩浆源区遭受了一定程度的地壳物质的混染，后经历了不同程度的铁镁矿物和斜长石的结晶分离作用。构造环境分析显示研究区中基性岩脉形成于伸展构造环境下，其产状受区域应力场控制，其动力学背景可能与班公湖—怒江特提斯洋南向俯冲消减过程中板片断离导致的软流圈上涌，诱发岛弧和岛弧后方的地幔岩浆发生补充性对流循环而形成的伸展构造背景有关。表明研究区至少在99.2 Ma时，班公湖—怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减已经完成，由早期构造挤压环境转向晚期构造伸展环境。

    The Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone and its tectonic-magmatic evolution constitute one of the hottest scientific problems related to fundamental geology of the Tibetan Plateau. The Mesozoic volcanic-intrusive rocks are widely distributed in the north Gangdese belt,which is also located in southern Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone. The petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of those rocks remain controversial. In this paper,the authors reported the newly found intermediate-basic dikes in Awengcuo area which is located at the west segment of Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone so as to explore these problems,and detailed LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating geochronological and element geochemical studies were carried out for the intermediatebasic dikes. The basic dikes exhibit SiO2 content of 50.03%-51.13%,Al2O3 content of 15.52%-16.03% with TiO2 content of 1.22%-1.31%,MgO content of 6.12%-8.51%,Na2O content of 3.10%-3.58%,with Na2O/K2O ratio of 1.73-1.87. The diorite dikes have values of SiO2 (55.58%-56.22%),MgO (4.69%-4.64%),Al2O3 (1.01%-1.06%) with TiO2 (1.01%-1.06%),Na2O (1.55%-5.03%),and Na2O/K2O (1.81-3.61). The diabase veins belong to alkaline basalt series and the diorites are subalkaline-series rocks. All of their light rare elements are concentrated evidently and heavy rare elements are deficient with a right dip distribution mode of REE,slightly negative Eu anomalies and content of HREE. On primitive mantle-normalized trace element diagrams,the intermediate-basic dikes display different degrees of enrichment of LIFEs (e.g.,Rb,U),relative depletion of HFSE (Nb,Ta,Ti). The zircon U-Pb dating of diorite-dyke yielded a weighted average age of (99.2±1.2)Ma,and the basic-dyke U-Pb dating yielded an age of (108.4±2.9)Ma,indicating that the diorite-dykes in Awengcuo area were formed at the late stage of early Cretaceous. The magma source region was mainly influenced by the crustal material and underwent different degrees of fractionation crystallization of mafic minerals and plagioclases when uplifting from the high magmatic chamber. The intermediate-basic dikes were generated in a contineral intraplate setting,as shown by analyzing tectonic setting,and its attitudes were controlled by the regional tectonic stress field. The tectonic dynamics background of the dikes formed in slab break-off caused asthenosphere upwelling extension during the Bangong Co-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean's southward subduction at the late stage of early Cretaceous,indicating that the Bangong Co-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean finished the subduction at 99.2 Ma at least,and the regional stress state turned from collision to intraplate extension at the late stage.

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  • 图 1  研究区大地构造位置(a，据Zhang et al., 2004)和区域地质简图(b)

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  辉绿岩脉和闪长岩脉野外产状

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  辉绿岩脉和闪长岩脉锆石阴极发光图像和U−Pb谐和图解

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  藏北阿翁错地区Nb/Y − Zr/TiO2图解(a, 据Winchester and Floyd, 1977)和SiO2−Na2O+K2O岩石系列划分图解(b, 据Irvine and Baragar, 1971)

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  研究区中基性脉岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图(a)和微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(b) (球粒陨石、原始地幔、N-MORB、E-MORB以及OIB数据均引自Sun and McDonough, 1989)

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  研究区脉岩La/Yb-Th/Ta图解(底图据Condie, 1997)

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  藏北阿翁错地区中基性岩脉Nb-Zr-Y(a)、Zr-Zr/Y(b)、Ta/Hf-Th/Hf(c)构造判别图解

    Figure 7. 

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    表 1  阿翁错地区闪长岩脉样品锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb分析结果

    Table 1.  LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb analyses of of diorite dike, Awengcuo area, north Tibet

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  阿翁错地区辉绿岩脉样品锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb分析结果

    Table 2.  LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb analyses of diabase dike, Awengcuo area, north Tibet

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  阿翁错地区中基性脉岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10-6)组成

    Table 3.  Major elements (%), trace elements and REE composition (10-6) of the intermediate-basic dikes, Awengcuo area, north Tibet

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