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摘要:
本文以地球科学基础学科的基本知识和矿床实例首次论述了雪峰隆起带内板岩、变质砂岩等浅变质的区域变质作用不能使岩石中的金活化迁移富集成矿；断裂构造在动力变质过程中本身并不成矿，断裂破碎带的地层中金只是带内金矿体金金属量的0.123%；流体包裹体测定的金矿成矿温度主要区间在200~300℃，说明雪峰隆起带岩金矿床不是地下水热液成因；金矿床的一些矿石矿物、伴共生组分、微量元素、同位素地球化学等特征与花岗岩类岩浆岩的相似性也说明了两者间的成因关系；重磁资料推断地表无岩浆岩出露的岩金矿床下部有大面积的隐伏岩体。以上论述和排除法均说明雪峰隆起带上岩金矿床成因类型是岩浆热液矿床。
Abstract:Based on basic knowledge in geosciences and instances of ore deposits, the authors firstly put forward the argument that gold within rocks in the Xuefeng uplift zone can't be mobilized, migrated and enriched for mineralization by low-grade regional metamorphism of such rocks as slate and meta-sandstone. The fault structure itself cannot be mineralized in the process of dynamic metamorphism. The content of gold in strata in the fracture zone is only 0.123% of that in the orebody. The metallogenic temperature of the gold deposit determined by fluid inclusions mainly ranges from 200 ℃ to 300 ℃, which indicates that the rock gold deposit in the Xuefeng uplift zone was not sourced from underground hydrothermal solutions. The similarity between some ore minerals, associated components, trace elements, and isotopic geochemistry of gold deposits and the similarity of granitic magmatic rocks show their genetic relationships. The gravitational and magnetic data suggest that there might exist a large concealed intrusion under the gold deposit where there are no magmatic rocks exposed on the surface. The above discussion and exclusion suggest that the genetic type of rock gold deposits in Xuefeng uplift belt is magmatic hydrothermal deposit.
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表 1 大万金矿床硫同位素分析结果
Table 1. Sulfur isotopic compositions of sulfides from the Dawan gold deposit
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表 2 大万、黄金洞金矿床成矿流体氢、氧同位素组成
Table 2. The δ18O and δD values (‰) of ore-forming fluids of the Dawan and Huangjindong gold deposits
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表 3 万古矿区黄铁矿的流体包裹体He-Ar同位素分析结果
Table 3. He-Ar isotopic compositions of pyrites from the Wangu mining area
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