Neoproterozoic continental margin-arc magmatic activity of the Nanping-Ninghua tectonic belt, South China:Implications for tectonic evolution of the Wuyi orogenic belt
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摘要:
南平—宁化构造带沿线出露着以万全岩群和楼前组、西溪组等为代表的一系列新元古代火山-沉积岩系。系统的岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究表明，福建明溪和江西瑞金地区的楼前组浅变质英安岩和晶屑凝灰岩分别形成于（729±4）Ma和（735±6.7）Ma（LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法），SiO2含量变化在65.22%~74.54%，相对富Al2O3（11.05%~16.80%）富碱（Na2O+K2O=4.88%~10.19%）而贫CaO、MgO和FeOT，ANK值和A/CNK值分别为1.23~1.78和0.98~1.57，Nb/Ta=12.44~17.28，Nd/Th=2.07~3.51，Ti/Zr=6.08~10.37，Ti/Y=68.51~154.71，属过铝质S型火山岩；明显富集大离子亲石元素（Ba、Rb等）而亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti、P等），Zr/Nb=16.65~24.07，Th/Ta=12.94~16.93，δEu呈现明显负异常（0.33~0.62），显示岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。综合区域地质资料及前人研究结果提出，南平—宁化一线在713 Ma前为活动大陆边缘环境，洋壳俯冲引发的岩浆活动形成了沿南平—宁化—瑞金一线展布的陆缘弧中酸性火山岩带，暗示此时南、北武夷之间尚未拼合形成统一的武夷地块，因而华夏地块不存在统一的前南华纪结晶基底。
Abstract:Numerous Neoproterozoic volcanic-sedimentary rocks, e.g., Wanquan Group, Louqian and Xixi Formation, are outcropped along the Nanping-Ninghua tectonic belt, South China. This paper presents a systematic petrological, geochronological, and geochemical study of metamorphic rocks from the Louqian Formation in Mingxi County of Fujian and Ruijin County of Jiangxi Province. Zircons from meta-dacite in Mingxi County and meta-crystal tuff in Ruijin County yielded U-Pb weighted mean ages of (729±4)Ma and (735±6.7) Ma (by LA-ICP-MS), respectively. The SiO2 values of these meta-volcanic rocks range from 65.22% to 74.54%, and they have high Al2O3 (11.05%-16.80%) and Na2O + K2O content (4.88%-10.19%) but low CaO, MgO, and FeOT content. Their ANK values and A/CNK ratios are 1.23-1.78 and 0.98-1.57 with Nb/Ta being 12.44-17.28, Nd/Th being 2.07-3.51, Ti/Zr being 6.08-10.37 and Ti/Y being 68.51-154.71, implying the S-type igneous rocks. All samples are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE; e.g., Ba and Rb) and depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSE; e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti, and P)with Zr/Nb being 16.65-24.07 and Th/Ta being 12.94-16.93. Marked negative Eu anomalies 0.33-0.62 are similar to those in arc igneous rocks. Based on regional geological data and previous studies, the authors hold that the Nanping-Ninghua tectonic belt had been in an active continental margin setting until 713 Ma. The magmatism was caused by the subduction of oceanic crust and formed an intermediate-acid volcanic belt along the Nanping-Ninghua-Ruijin continental margin, which indicates that the collision between the North and South Wuyi blocks did not form a unified Wuyi Block before 713 Ma, and the Cathaysia Block had not a unified pre-Nanhua crystalline basement.
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图 1 研究区大地构造位置图（a, 据Greentree et al., 2006修改）及区域前寒武纪变质岩分布简图（b, 据Jiang et al., 2018修改）
Figure 1.
图 3 楼前组浅变质英安岩（样品：158SM1-3）和变余晶屑凝灰岩（样品：16CT9-1）典型锆石的阴极发光（CL）图像（a，c）和LAICP-MS U-Pb年龄谐和图（b，d）
Figure 3.
图 4 楼前组浅变质火山岩的TAS图解（a，底图据Middlemost, 1994）和SiO2-K2O判别图解（b，底图据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976）
Figure 4.
图 6 楼前组浅变质火山岩Rb-Th和Rb-Y判别图解（底图据Allegre and Minster, 1978）
Figure 6.
图 7 楼前组浅变质火山岩(Y+Nb)-Rb（a, 据Pearce et al., 1984）、Y-Nb（b, 据Pearce et al., 1984）、Ta/Yb-Th/Yb（c, 底图据Pearce, 1983）和Yb-Th/Ta（d, 底图据Gorton and Schandl, 2000）判别图解
Figure 7.
表 1 楼前组浅变质火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb zircon geochronologic results for Louqian Formation meta-volcanic rocks
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表 2 楼前组浅变质火山岩主量元素（%）、稀土元素和微量元素丰度（10-6）
Table 2. Major (%) and trace element (10-6) data of Louqian Formation metamorphic volcanic rocks
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表 3 楼前组浅变质火山岩年代学数据统计
Table 3. Geochronological data for Louqian Formation metamorphic volcanic rocks
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