Geochronology and geochemistry of Haliheiba pluton in the central and southern Great Hinggan Range and its tectonic delamination
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摘要:
研究目的 在区域地质调查基础上，本文探讨了大兴安岭中南段哈力黑坝岩体早白垩世花岗岩成岩年代、岩石成因类型、源区性质及地球动力学背景。
研究方法 本文基于显微镜、XRF和(LA–)ICP–MS等手段对哈力黑坝岩体早白垩世花岗岩进行了岩相学、锆石U–Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素组成研究。
研究结果 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩主要包括中细粒黑云母花岗岩和细粒斑状黑云母花岗岩，LA–ICP–MS锆石U–Pb定年结果分别为（139.1±0.7）Ma和（138.4±1.0）Ma。岩石主量元素具有高硅（74.09%~77.19%）、富碱（7.92%~8.46%），低CaO（0.35%~1.14%）和低MgO（0.15%~0.47%）的特征，属高钾钙碱性系列；其A/CNK值介于0.95~1.08，为准铝质—弱过铝质岩石。岩石相对富集轻稀土元素，(La/Yb)N=3.69~13.17，稀土配分模式图呈右倾海鸥型，具有较为明显的负铕异常（δEu = 0.11~0.47）。岩石微量元素组成显示岩石富集Rb、U、Th、Zr、Hf等元素，强烈亏损Sr、Ba、Ti、P等元素。岩石具有高正的εHf(t)值（+5.0~+11.2）和年轻的二阶段Hf模式年龄（408~731 Ma）。
结论 哈力黑坝岩体早白垩世花岗岩为铝质A型花岗岩，其源区主要为年轻地壳物质，并有老地壳物质的贡献，形成于伸展的大地构造背景，受控于岩石圈拆沉减薄过程。
Abstract:This paper is the result of geological survey engineering.
Objective The diagenetic age, petrogenetic types, source properties and geodynamic background of the Early Cretaceous granites of Haliheba pluton in the central and southern part of Great Hinggan Range are discussed based on the regional geological survey.
Methods The lithography of granite, U–Pb chronology, geochemistry and Hf isotope composition of zircon are studied by means of microscope, XRF and (LA–) ICP–MS.
Results The Early Cretaceous granites in Haliheiba are composed of fine to medium–grained biotite granite and fine–grained porphyritic biotite granite, and zircon U–Pb ages are (139.1±0.7) Ma and (138.4±1.0) Ma, respectively. The granites are characterized by high SiO2 (74.09%−77.19%) and alkali enrichment (7.92%−8.46%), and belong to high–K calc–alkaline series. The A/CNK values range from 0.95 to 1.08, indicating that they are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous rocks. The chrondrite–normalized REE patterns are characterized by enrichment of LREEs with (La/Yb)N values varying from 3.69 to 13.17 and by prominent negative Eu anomalies with δEu values ranging from 0.11 to 0.47. The granites show the enrichment of Rb, U, Th , Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf, and the depletion of Sr, Ba, Ti and P. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions suggest that these granites have high positive εHf(t) values (+5.0 − +11.2) and fairly young two–stage Hf model ages (408−731 Ma).
Conclusions The Haliheiba granites are aluminous A–type granites, which were mainly derived from partial melting of the juvenile crustal materials associated with ancient crustal materials under extensional tectonic setting that was probably controlled by lithospheric delamination and thinning.
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图 1 中亚造山带东部大地构造简图（a，底图据Zhou and Wilde, 2013修改）、大兴安岭中南段花岗岩分布图（b）和大兴安岭中南段花岗岩锆石U–Pb年龄分布直方图（c）
Figure 1.
图 6 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩（a）球粒陨石标准化稀土配分图与（b）原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（球粒陨石与原始地幔标准化值据Sun and McDonough, 1989）
Figure 6.
图 8 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩εHf(t)–t图（底侵下地壳演化线据Liu et al., 2005；乌兰浩特地区花岗岩数据引自周漪等, 2011；甘珠尔庙地区花岗岩数据引自杨奇荻等, 2014）
Figure 8.
表 1 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩锆石LA–ICP–MS分析结果
Table 1. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb data of Early Cretaceous granites in Haliheiba
样品号及分析点号 含量/10−6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ CXPC3−1 148 360 0.41 0.04912 0.00196 0.1459 0.0052 0.02153 0.00025 153.7 91.0 138.3 4.6 137.3 1.6 CXPC3−2 321 933 0.34 0.05080 0.00134 0.1509 0.0029 0.02153 0.00022 231.7 59.6 142.7 2.6 137.3 1.4 CXPC3−3 455 1323 0.34 0.04888 0.00187 0.1461 0.0049 0.02167 0.00026 141.9 87.4 138.4 4.3 138.2 1.6 CXPC3−4 349 1227 0.28 0.04948 0.00126 0.1489 0.0027 0.02181 0.00022 170.5 58.6 140.9 2.4 139.1 1.4 CXPC3−5 253 837 0.30 0.05034 0.00143 0.1497 0.0033 0.02155 0.00022 210.9 64.6 141.6 2.9 137.5 1.4 CXPC3−6 173 578 0.30 0.04942 0.00155 0.1509 0.0038 0.02214 0.00024 167.9 71.5 142.7 3.4 141.1 1.5 CXPC3−7 44 151 0.29 0.04788 0.00298 0.1437 0.0085 0.02175 0.00031 92.3 142.1 136.3 7.5 138.7 2.0 CXPC3−8 129 314 0.41 0.05144 0.00208 0.1531 0.0055 0.02158 0.00026 260.6 90.3 144.7 4.8 137.6 1.6 CXPC3−9 81 260 0.31 0.04574 0.00220 0.1402 0.0062 0.02221 0.00028 0.1 95.4 133.2 5.5 141.6 1.8 CXPC3−10 375 327 1.15 0.06335 0.00239 0.1886 0.0062 0.02157 0.00026 719.9 78.2 175.4 5.3 137.6 1.6 CXPC3−11 367 617 0.59 0.06584 0.00261 0.1952 0.0067 0.02148 0.00027 801.2 80.8 181.0 5.7 137.0 1.7 CXPC3−12 284 1033 0.27 0.04884 0.00140 0.1452 0.0032 0.02154 0.00022 140.0 65.9 137.6 2.8 137.4 1.4 CXPC3−13 703 2048 0.34 0.05161 0.00123 0.1539 0.0024 0.02162 0.00021 268.0 53.8 145.4 2.1 137.9 1.3 CXPC3−14 298 954 0.31 0.05298 0.00147 0.1586 0.0033 0.02169 0.00022 327.7 61.6 149.4 2.9 138.3 1.4 CXPC3−15 170 440 0.39 0.04935 0.00173 0.1485 0.0044 0.02180 0.00024 164.4 79.8 140.6 3.9 139.0 1.5 CXPC3−16 431 1333 0.32 0.05091 0.00128 0.1530 0.0027 0.02177 0.00022 236.7 57.1 144.5 2.4 138.9 1.4 CXPC3−17 566 1659 0.34 0.05012 0.00125 0.1512 0.0026 0.02186 0.00022 200.6 56.7 143.0 2.3 139.4 1.4 CXPC3−18 346 1094 0.32 0.04936 0.00132 0.1479 0.0029 0.02172 0.00022 164.9 61.5 140.1 2.6 138.5 1.4 CXPC3−19 2272 2168 1.05 0.05492 0.00138 0.1638 0.0028 0.02161 0.00021 408.9 54.4 154.0 2.5 137.8 1.4 CXPC3−20 213 889 0.24 0.04994 0.00145 0.1513 0.0034 0.02195 0.00023 192.4 66.3 143.1 3.0 140.0 1.4 CXPC3−21 476 1024 0.46 0.05316 0.00147 0.1593 0.0033 0.02171 0.00022 335.8 61.4 150.1 2.9 138.4 1.4 CXPC3−22 497 1204 0.41 0.05136 0.00138 0.1547 0.0030 0.02183 0.00022 257.0 60.4 146.1 2.6 139.2 1.4 CXPC3−23 258 820 0.31 0.04987 0.00145 0.1532 0.0034 0.02225 0.00023 189.0 66.2 144.7 3.0 141.9 1.5 CXPC3−24 417 1181 0.35 0.05584 0.00147 0.1708 0.0032 0.02216 0.00022 445.8 57.2 160.1 2.8 141.3 1.4 CXPC7−1 359 1193 0.30 0.04922 0.00139 0.1447 0.0031 0.02130 0.00020 158.4 64.9 137.3 2.7 135.9 1.3 CXPC7−2 462 1342 0.34 0.05060 0.00134 0.1489 0.0028 0.02132 0.00019 222.4 60.3 140.9 2.5 136.0 1.2 CXPC7−3 443 1517 0.29 0.04993 0.00129 0.1487 0.0026 0.02159 0.00019 191.6 59.0 140.8 2.3 137.7 1.2 CXPC7−4 421 1398 0.30 0.05017 0.00139 0.1467 0.0030 0.02119 0.00019 202.7 63.0 139.0 2.6 135.2 1.2 CXPC7−5 464 1157 0.40 0.05076 0.00143 0.1489 0.0031 0.02127 0.00019 229.8 63.9 140.9 2.8 135.7 1.2 CXPC7−6 496 1239 0.40 0.04977 0.00131 0.1492 0.0027 0.02175 0.00019 184.4 60.2 141.2 2.4 138.7 1.2 CXPC7−7 578 1714 0.34 0.05240 0.00128 0.1541 0.0024 0.02132 0.00018 302.9 54.6 145.5 2.1 136.0 1.1 CXPC7−8 298 1018 0.29 0.04961 0.00139 0.1495 0.0031 0.02187 0.00019 176.6 64.1 141.5 2.7 139.4 1.2 CXPC7−9 345 598 0.58 0.04935 0.00159 0.1479 0.0038 0.02175 0.00020 164.5 73.8 140.1 3.4 138.7 1.3 CXPC7−10 285 1218 0.23 0.04845 0.00136 0.1417 0.0029 0.02122 0.00018 121.5 64.7 134.6 2.6 135.4 1.2 CXPC7−11 501 1442 0.35 0.05029 0.00130 0.1509 0.0027 0.02177 0.00018 208.2 58.9 142.7 2.4 138.9 1.1 CXPC7−12 205 563 0.36 0.04914 0.00172 0.1457 0.0042 0.02151 0.00021 154.7 79.9 138.1 3.8 137.2 1.3 CXPC7−13 198 476 0.42 0.04764 0.00188 0.1418 0.0048 0.02159 0.00022 80.8 91.8 134.6 4.3 137.7 1.4 CXPC7−14 437 1213 0.36 0.05039 0.00145 0.1524 0.0033 0.02194 0.00019 212.9 65.2 144.0 2.9 139.9 1.2 CXPC7−15 377 997 0.38 0.04984 0.00148 0.1522 0.0035 0.02215 0.00019 187.3 67.8 143.8 3.1 141.2 1.2 CXPC7−16 237 692 0.34 0.04960 0.00168 0.1483 0.0041 0.02168 0.00020 176.4 77.3 140.4 3.7 138.3 1.3 CXPC7−17 268 737 0.36 0.05013 0.00169 0.1527 0.0042 0.02209 0.00020 200.9 76.5 144.3 3.7 140.8 1.3 CXPC7−18 85 253 0.34 0.04607 0.00260 0.1405 0.0074 0.02210 0.00027 0.1 131.8 133.5 6.6 140.9 1.7 CXPC7−19 797 1897 0.42 0.05000 0.00128 0.1536 0.0027 0.02225 0.00017 195.0 58.4 145.1 2.3 141.9 1.1 CXPC7−20 554 1775 0.31 0.04979 0.00131 0.1508 0.0028 0.02194 0.00017 185.1 60.0 142.7 2.4 139.9 1.1 CXPC7−21 475 1521 0.31 0.04896 0.00135 0.1492 0.0030 0.02206 0.00017 146.1 63.5 141.2 2.6 140.7 1.1 
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表 2 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩主微量元素含量（氧化物/%，微量元素/10−6）
Table 2. Major and trace element content of Early Cretaceous granites in Haliheiba (oxide/%, trace element/10−6)
样品号 CXPC3-1 CXPC3-2 CXPC3-3 CXPC7-1 CXPC7-2 CXPC7-3 CXPC7-4 岩性 中细粒黑云母花岗岩 细粒斑状黑云母花岗岩 SiO2 74.09 77.19 76.92 76.40 76.40 75.39 74.29 TiO2 0.20 0.15 0.08 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.20 Al2O3 12.60 12.19 12.09 12.45 12.09 12.67 12.79 Fe2O3 0.36 0.17 0.51 0.33 0.47 0.33 0.62 FeO 1.39 0.72 0.61 1.03 0.68 1.03 1.15 MnO 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 MgO 0.43 0.16 0.37 0.33 0.22 0.15 0.47 CaO 1.14 0.35 0.46 0.56 0.69 0.76 0.96 Na2O 3.73 3.14 3.41 3.86 3.62 3.83 3.79 K2O 4.73 5.12 4.68 4.09 4.30 4.53 4.43 P2O5 0.08 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 LOI 0.52 0.63 0.72 0.62 0.67 0.45 0.53 Total 99.45 99.93 99.96 99.96 99.43 99.44 99.45 Na2O+K2O 8.46 8.26 8.09 7.95 7.92 8.36 8.22 A/CNK 0.95 1.08 1.05 1.06 1.02 1.01 1.00 A/NK 1.12 1.14 1.13 1.16 1.14 1.13 1.16 σ 2.30 2.00 1.93 1.89 1.88 2.16 2.16 DI 91.32 95.48 94.66 93.42 94.10 93.47 91.24 Li 20.70 13.60 14.30 19.00 15.00 20.90 19.00 Be 3.59 5.33 7.62 4.88 5.09 5.30 4.23 Sc 1.85 2.67 1.18 1.48 1.48 1.47 2.15 V 10.90 5.08 2.81 5.47 5.87 4.67 8.12 Cr 1.63 0.99 0.81 1.21 1.13 0.73 1.72 Co 1.79 0.78 0.78 1.02 1.08 0.82 1.56 Ni 1.60 1.12 0.99 1.17 0.99 0.88 1.33 Cu 4.18 45.00 2.11 2.53 3.17 6.50 6.90 Zn 57.40 38.10 31.20 39.30 34.10 41.60 39.40 Ga 22.20 24.70 24.20 20.10 19.50 20.30 19.00 Rb 191.00 241.00 216.00 166.00 160.00 192.00 174.00 Sr 160.00 41.30 31.90 72.70 91.10 72.00 83.40 Mo 0.67 2.80 0.86 0.62 0.42 0.90 0.51 Cd 0.23 0.20 0.13 0.18 0.20 0.18 0.16 In 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 Sb 0.08 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.19 0.06 0.10 Cs 3.83 4.60 6.47 4.04 2.79 4.24 6.43 Ba 370.00 119.00 77.30 153.00 270.00 153.00 283.00 W 2.72 70.90 1.01 0.92 0.87 0.90 1.13 Tl 1.09 1.69 1.21 0.83 1.15 1.12 0.99 Pb 22.70 20.20 24.00 23.00 19.30 37.40 18.00 Bi 1.75 0.37 1.81 0.19 3.11 4.01 0.47 Th 42.20 22.10 55.00 34.10 22.90 36.80 33.10 U 4.89 2.30 6.12 5.37 2.79 12.10 3.15 Nb 11.20 11.10 22.50 11.10 12.00 21.10 11.70 Ta 1.89 1.24 5.93 1.63 1.72 2.95 1.28 Zr 124.00 113.00 111.00 106.00 80.70 109.00 129.00 Hf 4.34 4.93 5.31 3.89 3.18 4.51 4.53 La 36.10 36.70 31.70 26.10 38.00 35.60 35.30 Ce 64.50 81.70 68.00 59.30 72.00 75.30 64.90 Pr 7.29 11.10 7.11 5.48 7.28 9.15 7.17 Nd 25.00 39.80 25.70 19.40 25.10 30.20 28.00 Sm 3.82 6.30 5.01 3.34 3.72 6.06 4.68 Eu 0.55 0.26 0.18 0.28 0.38 0.26 0.40 Gd 3.35 5.92 4.79 3.18 3.33 5.31 4.11 Tb 0.59 0.99 1.11 0.61 0.53 1.05 0.73 Dy 2.88 5.31 6.71 3.57 2.80 5.64 3.64 Ho 0.55 1.07 1.47 0.73 0.53 1.15 0.79 Er 1.74 3.06 4.37 2.33 1.54 3.54 2.29 Tm 0.35 0.53 0.88 0.47 0.28 0.70 0.42 Yb 2.30 3.80 6.17 3.00 2.07 5.20 2.84 Lu 0.33 0.47 0.89 0.45 0.29 0.71 0.44 Y 18.50 28.60 45.80 21.50 15.50 37.70 24.30 ∑REE 167.83 225.62 209.89 149.74 173.35 217.56 180.01 LREE/HREE 4.39 3.51 1.90 3.15 5.36 2.55 3.50 δEu 0.47 0.13 0.11 0.26 0.33 0.14 0.28 (La/Yb)N 11.26 6.93 3.69 6.24 13.17 4.91 8.92 10000Ga/Al 3.33 3.83 3.78 3.05 3.05 3.03 2.80 Zr+Nb+Ce+Y 218.20 234.40 247.30 197.90 180.20 243.10 229.90
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表 3 哈力黑坝早白垩世花岗岩锆石Hf同位素分析结果
Table 3. Zircon Hf isotopic composition of Early Cretaceous granites in Haliheiba
点号 t/Ma 176Hf/177Hf 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 2σ εHf(t) 2σ TDM1/Ma TDM2/Ma fLu/Hf CXPC3−1 137.3 0.282903 0.025060 0.000699 0.000003 7.6 0.1 490 594 −0.98 CXPC3−2 137.3 0.282934 0.034261 0.000960 0.000009 8.6 0.3 451 540 −0.97 CXPC3−3 138.2 0.282950 0.038447 0.001053 0.000005 9.2 0.2 429 511 −0.97 CXPC3−4 139.1 0.282922 0.032150 0.000904 0.000002 8.3 0.1 467 561 −0.97 CXPC3−5 137.5 0.282896 0.032285 0.000897 0.000010 7.3 0.3 504 609 −0.97 CXPC3−6 141.1 0.282909 0.028014 0.000791 0.000001 7.9 0.0 484 583 −0.98 CXPC3−7 138.7 0.282927 0.022330 0.000631 0.000004 8.5 0.2 456 551 −0.98 CXPC3−8 137.6 0.282832 0.041640 0.001162 0.000003 5.0 0.1 597 725 −0.96 CXPC3−9 141.6 0.282827 0.022111 0.000604 0.000001 5.0 0.0 596 731 −0.98 CXPC3−10 137.6 0.282900 0.042228 0.001143 0.000012 7.4 0.4 501 602 −0.97 CXPC3−11 137.0 0.282880 0.033415 0.000911 0.000002 6.8 0.1 526 637 −0.97 CXPC3−12 137.4 0.282933 0.033815 0.000922 0.000004 8.6 0.2 451 541 −0.97 CXPC3−13 137.9 0.282913 0.058903 0.001581 0.000019 7.9 0.7 488 580 −0.95 CXPC3−14 138.3 0.282875 0.034884 0.000979 0.000007 6.6 0.2 534 647 −0.97 CXPC3−15 139.0 0.282917 0.028177 0.000738 0.000002 8.1 0.1 472 569 −0.98 CXPC3−16 138.9 0.282858 0.034047 0.000949 0.000003 6.0 0.1 558 677 −0.97 CXPC3−17 139.4 0.282909 0.053215 0.001389 0.000003 7.8 0.1 491 586 −0.96 CXPC3−18 138.5 0.282892 0.033775 0.000914 0.000002 7.2 0.1 509 616 −0.97 CXPC3−19 137.8 0.283008 0.071354 0.001896 0.000002 11.2 0.1 354 408 −0.94 CXPC3−20 140.0 0.282912 0.029114 0.000813 0.000005 7.9 0.2 480 578 −0.98 CXPC7−1 135.9 0.282936 0.031750 0.000888 0.000002 8.7 0.1 447 536 −0.97 CXPC7−2 136.0 0.282923 0.037649 0.001083 0.000012 8.2 0.4 467 560 −0.97 CXPC7−3 137.7 0.282877 0.037908 0.001043 0.000005 6.6 0.2 532 644 −0.97 CXPC7−4 135.2 0.282880 0.044944 0.001376 0.000011 6.7 0.4 532 640 −0.96 CXPC7−5 135.7 0.282896 0.054362 0.001436 0.000023 7.2 0.8 511 611 −0.96 CXPC7−6 138.7 0.282924 0.034846 0.000970 0.000004 8.3 0.1 464 557 −0.97 CXPC7−7 136.0 0.282988 0.043114 0.001156 0.000011 10.5 0.4 375 441 −0.97 CXPC7−8 139.4 0.282909 0.026305 0.000728 0.000005 7.8 0.2 483 583 −0.98 CXPC7−9 138.7 0.282903 0.036297 0.001021 0.000003 7.6 0.1 496 597 −0.97 CXPC7−10 135.4 0.282912 0.035219 0.000960 0.000003 7.8 0.1 482 581 −0.97 CXPC7−11 138.9 0.282946 0.038714 0.001070 0.000005 9.1 0.2 434 518 −0.97 CXPC7−12 137.2 0.282910 0.084491 0.002193 0.000032 7.7 1.1 501 589 −0.93 CXPC7−13 137.7 0.282925 0.050315 0.001390 0.000007 8.3 0.2 468 558 −0.96 CXPC7−14 139.9 0.282927 0.051037 0.001377 0.000017 8.4 0.6 465 553 −0.96 CXPC7−15 141.2 0.282905 0.027553 0.000782 0.000002 7.7 0.1 489 591 −0.98 CXPC7−16 138.3 0.282877 0.039219 0.001092 0.000006 6.7 0.2 533 644 −0.97 CXPC7−17 140.8 0.282909 0.040882 0.001138 0.000015 7.8 0.5 488 585 −0.97 CXPC7−18 140.9 0.282894 0.029011 0.000810 0.000001 7.3 0.0 505 611 −0.98 CXPC7−19 141.9 0.282858 0.043941 0.001221 0.000005 6.0 0.2 562 678 −0.96 CXPC7−20 139.9 0.282939 0.045649 0.001231 0.000009 8.9 0.3 446 531 −0.96 CXPC7−21 140.7 0.282966 0.036242 0.000951 0.000003 9.9 0.1 405 480 −0.97
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