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贵州省惠水县涟江大坝土壤硒分布特征及影响因素研究

息朝庄, 张鹏飞, 吴林锋, 杨茗钛, 范云飞, 夏浩东. 2024. 贵州省惠水县涟江大坝土壤硒分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 中国地质, 51(2): 650-662. doi: 10.12029/gc20201220002
引用本文: 息朝庄, 张鹏飞, 吴林锋, 杨茗钛, 范云飞, 夏浩东. 2024. 贵州省惠水县涟江大坝土壤硒分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 中国地质, 51(2): 650-662. doi: 10.12029/gc20201220002
XI Chaozhuang, ZHANG Pengfei, WU Linfeng, YANG Mingtai, FAN Yunfei, XIA Haodong. 2024. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of Selenium in soil from Lianjiang Dam in Huishui County, Guizhou Province[J]. Geology in China, 51(2): 650-662. doi: 10.12029/gc20201220002
Citation: XI Chaozhuang, ZHANG Pengfei, WU Linfeng, YANG Mingtai, FAN Yunfei, XIA Haodong. 2024. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of Selenium in soil from Lianjiang Dam in Huishui County, Guizhou Province[J]. Geology in China, 51(2): 650-662. doi: 10.12029/gc20201220002

贵州省惠水县涟江大坝土壤硒分布特征及影响因素研究

  • 基金项目: “贵州省耕地质量地球化学调查评价”(黔耕调 2017−03)和湖南省自然科学基金省市联合基金项目(2022JJ50277)联合资助。
详细信息
    作者简介: 息朝庄,男,1979年生,博士,副教授,主要从事地质勘查和生态地球化学研究;E-mail: xczcsummmmmm@126.com
    通讯作者: 张鹏飞,男,1984年生,高级工程师,主要从事矿产勘查研究;E-mail: 52187088@qq.com
  • 中图分类号: P595; S153.6; X14

Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of Selenium in soil from Lianjiang Dam in Huishui County, Guizhou Province

  • Fund Project: Supported by the projects of Geochemical Survey and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality in Guizhou Province (No.2017−03) and Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation of Provincial and Municipal Joint Fund Project (No.2022JJ50277).
More Information
    Author Bio: XI Chaozhuang, male, born in 1979, doctor, associate professor, mainly engaged in geological exploration and ecological geochemistry research; E-mail:xczcsummmmmm@126.com .
    Corresponding author: ZHANG Pengfei, male, born in 1984, senior engineer, mainly engaged in mineral exploration research; E-mail: 52187088@qq.com.
  • 研究目的

    涟江大坝位于贵州省惠水县,为查明该地区土壤硒分布特征,系统采集了表层土壤样品337件,成土母岩样品4件,土壤剖面样品16件,分析测定Se、养分元素和As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn重金属元素等含量。

    研究方法

    通过表层土壤、成土母岩、土壤剖面样品中Se、养分元素、重金属元素含量对比分析,结合相关性分析方法,对该区土壤Se分布特征进行评估。

    研究结果

    区内土壤偏酸性,土壤中Se元素含量范围为0.19~3.65 mg/kg;土壤中养分元素P、B和SOM含量高;区内不同成土母质表层土壤Se平均值具有上石炭统灰岩>中二叠统茅口组灰岩>中二叠统栖霞组灰岩>上白垩统茅台组砂岩>中三叠统罗楼组灰岩>中三叠统边阳组碎屑岩的变化规律;区内土壤剖面中Se含量随深度加深而降低。

    结论

    区内富硒土壤丰富,主要为中等和高级,富硒土壤面积为42.94 km2;土壤中Se与SOM呈显著正相关关系,Se与K2O、pH呈显著负相关关系。

  • 加载中
  • 图 1  惠水县地质略图(据杨胜发等,2019

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  表层土壤采样和加工方法

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  土壤剖面Se含量随深度变化图

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  涟江大坝表层土壤中Se与其他元素相关性散点图

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  涟江大坝Se特色元素指标等级图

    Figure 5. 

    表 1  土壤样品分析方法及检出限

    Table 1.  Testing method and detection limits of soil sample

    序号 项目 检测方法 方法检出限 规范限量 序号 项目 检测方法 方法检出限 规范限量
    1 N VOL 18 20 13 Se AFS 0.003 0.01
    2 P ICP−OES 2.38 10 14 V ICP−OES 1.18 5
    3 K2O ICP−OES 0.2 0.5 15 Tl ICP−MS 0.02 0.1
    4 B ES 0.48 1 16 As AFS 0.27 1
    5 SOM VOL 0.2 1 17 Cd ICP−MS 0.02 0.03
    6 pH ISE 0.01 0.1 18 Cr ICP−MS 0.82 5
    7 Co ICP−MS 0.07 1 19 Cu ICP−MS 0.89 1
    8 F ISE 85 100 20 Hg AFS 0.0004 0.0005
    9 Ge AFS 0.07 0.1 21 Ni ICP−MS 0.439 2
    10 I COL 0.2 0.5 22 Pb ICP−MS 0.96 2
    11 Mn ICP−MS 2.91 10 23 Zn ICP−MS 2.15 4
    12 Mo ICP−MS 0.04 0.3
      注:K2O、SOM单位为g/kg;pH无量纲;其他元素 mg/kg;元素报出率100%;SOM为有机质。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  涟江大坝表层土壤元素特征参数统计表(n=337)

    Table 2.  Characteristic parameters statistical of elements in topsoil of Lianjiang Dam (n=337)

    项目 涟江大坝表层土壤 贵州省
    土壤
    贵州省
    耕地土壤
    中国土壤 R1 R2 R3
    最大值 最小值 平均值 标准差 中位数 变异系数 A层背景值
    N 5.86 0.44 2.11 0.73 2.02 0.34 6.2 0.34
    P 1720.00 302.00 512.83 145.51 489.00 0.28 0.4 1282.07
    K2O 3.25 0.39 1.17 0.62 0.98 0.53 1.6 1.8 1.9 0.73 0.65 0.62
    B 119.00 31.60 68.53 14.40 67.40 0.21 72.8 2 47.8 0.94 34.27 1.43
    SOM 19.64 0.34 4.21 1.89 3.96 0.45 4.3 0.7 3.1 0.98 6.02 1.36
    pH 8.78 4.96 - 0.87 6.64 0.13 6.2 15.1 6.7 1.09 0.45 1.00
    Co 35.20 2.29 9.62 4.65 8.70 0.48 19.2 12.7 0.50 0.76
    F 1474.00 254.00 608.44 180.67 586.00 0.30 1066 478 0.57 1.27
    Ge 1.79 0.85 1.26 0.17 1.25 0.13 1.8 1.7 0.70 0.74
    I 18.20 0.38 1.13 1.17 0.86 1.03 8.6 3.8 0.13 0.30
    Mn 1297.00 54.90 286.20 209.65 215.00 0.73 794 583 0.36 0.49
    Mo 27.60 1.16 6.27 4.33 5.03 0.69 2.4 2 2.61 3.14
    Se 3.65 0.19 0.85 0.45 0.73 0.53 0.4 0.3 2.13 2.84
    V 252.00 60.30 122.21 33.61 117.00 0.28 138.8 82.4 0.88 1.48
    Tl 1.14 0.27 0.62 0.17 0.61 0.27 0.7 0.6 0.88 1.03
    As 18.10 2.23 8.49 3.51 8.61 0.41 20 11.7 0.42 0.73
    Cd 1.29 0.01 0.47 0.21 0.42 0.46 0.7 0.1 0.67 4.66
    Cr 141.00 26.50 80.87 18.97 80.90 0.23 95.9 61 0.84 1.33
    Cu 83.00 14.70 31.54 10.05 30.10 0.32 32 22.6 0.99 1.40
    Hg 0.56 0.01 0.12 0.07 0.12 0.54 0.1 0.1 1.23 1.23
    Ni 63.80 8.15 26.30 9.81 24.90 0.37 39.1 26.9 0.67 0.98
    Pb 91.60 13.40 25.44 6.95 25.10 0.27 35.2 26 0.72 0.98
    Zn 145.00 30.00 65.17 19.90 61.80 0.31 99.5 74.2 0.65 0.88
      注:N、SOM单位g/kg;K2O、变异系数%,其他元素单位 mg/kg;R1为元素含量平均值/贵州省土壤A层背景值;R2为养分含量平均值/贵州省耕地土壤;R3为元素含量平均值/中国土壤A层背景值。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  不同乡镇表层土壤特征参数(mg/kg)

    Table 3.  Characteristic parameters in topsoil of the towns in the Lianjiang Dam (mg/kg)

    乡镇 n 最大值 最小值 平均值 标准差 变异系数/% R2
    濛江街道 17 0.87 0.30 0.54 0.16 0.30 1.80
    涟江街道 73 1.67 0.29 0.69 0.30 0.43 2.30
    好花红镇 247 3.65 0.19 0.92 0.48 0.52 3.07
      注:n为取样数量;R2为养分含量平均值/贵州省耕地土壤。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 4  不同成土母岩表层土壤Se元素特征参数(mg/kg)

    Table 4.  Characteristic parameters of Se in topsoil in the different parent rocks (mg/kg)

    地层 岩性 n 最大值 最小值 平均值 标准差 变异系数/%
    K2m 上白垩统茅台组砂岩 190 2.50 0.29 0.82 0.39 0.47
    T2b 中三叠统边阳组碎屑岩 6 0.83 0.30 0.57 0.18 0.32
    T1l 下三叠统罗楼组灰岩 27 1.81 0.40 0.73 0.29 0.40
    P2m 中二叠统茅口组灰岩 58 3.65 0.29 0.88 0.52 0.59
    P2q 中二叠统栖霞组灰岩 37 3.08 0.19 0.84 0.49 0.58
    C2d 上石炭统大埔组灰岩 19 2.48 0.43 1.11 0.58 0.53
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 5  不同土地利用类型表层土壤Se元素特征参数(mg/kg)

    Table 5.  Characteristic parameters of Se in topsoil of different land use types (mg/kg)

    项目n最大值最小值平均值标准差变异系数/%
    水田2703.650.190.830.460.55
    旱地542.280.410.950.400.42
    果园131.810.330.820.410.49
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 6  土壤类型Se元素含量特征参数

    Table 6.  Content characteristic parameter of Se in the different soil type

    项目n最大值最小值平均值标准差变异系数/%
    水稻土1693.650.190.870.520.60
    黄壤1012.300.340.770.330.42
    紫色土672.280.330.930.400.43
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 7  土壤剖面Se元素特征参数

    Table 7.  Se element characteristic parameter of soil profile

    采样地点 项目 地层 岩性 剖面标高/cm 样品编号 Se/(mg/kg)
    濛江街道赤土村 成土母岩 P2m 灰岩 2YLYS11 0.02
    好花红镇兴涟村 P2m 灰岩 6HSYS11 0.28
    涟江街道大坡村 K2m 砂岩 6HSYS21 0.05
    濛江街道首创村 K2m 砂岩 6HSYS31 0.13
    濛江街道赤土村 土壤剖面 腐殖层 0~15 2YLPM11 0.95
    濛江街道赤土村 淋溶层 15~40 2YLPM12 0.61
    濛江街道赤土村 淀积层 40~120 2YLPM13 0.44
    濛江街道赤土村 母质层 120~150 2YLPM14 0.44
    好花红镇兴涟村 腐殖层 0~15 6HSPM11 0.77
    好花红镇兴涟村 淋溶层 15~35 6HSPM12 0.62
    好花红镇兴涟村 淀积层 35~117 6HSPM13 0.30
    好花红镇兴涟村 母质层 117~131 6HSPM14 0.30
    涟江街道大坡村 腐殖层 0~10 6HSPM21 0.55
    涟江街道大坡村 淋溶层 10~35 6HSPM22 0.49
    涟江街道大坡村 淀积层 35~125 6HSPM23 0.44
    涟江街道大坡村 母质层 125~150 6HSPM24 0.39
    濛江街道首创村 腐殖层 0~10 6HSPM31 1.92
    濛江街道首创村 淋溶层 10~35 6HSPM32 2.11
    濛江街道首创村 淀积层 35~125 6HSPM33 1.83
    濛江街道首创村 母质层 125~150 6HSPM34 0.85
    下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:  2020-12-20
修回日期:  2021-01-20
刊出日期:  2024-03-25

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