Quantitative research on spatial distribution of antimony deposits in China based on geological big data
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摘要:
大数据正在开创地学研究新途径，将传统的定性地质研究方法推向定量研究的高度。锑矿是中国的传统优势矿产，但目前已有赖于进口，成为典型的关键金属（Critical Metal）。文章基于锑矿地质大数据，系统展示中国锑矿在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级成矿区带的空间分布特征，总结中国锑矿的空间分布规律，定量分析中国省、市、县级及Ⅲ级成矿区带的锑矿成矿密度、成矿强度。研究表明，中国锑矿在各成矿域中均有分布，华南成矿省集中了全世界59%以上的资源储量，是中国锑矿最重要的成矿区域。中国锑矿以湖南省数量最多、成矿强度最大；按地级市统计，以广西河池市锑矿床数量最多，以湖南娄底市锑矿成矿强度最大；按县级统计，以河池市南丹县锑矿床数量最多，娄底市泠水江市锑矿成矿强度最大，达3330 t/km2；按成矿区带统计，江南隆起西段成矿带（Ⅲ-78）锑矿产地数量最多、成矿密度最大，湘中-桂中北成矿带（Ⅲ-86）成矿强度最强。随着勘查工作的进展，新增资源量不断向湖南板溪、龙山等危机矿山深部及西藏等西部地区转移，今后锑矿地质找矿和矿业开发的重点也将向重要矿区深部及中国西部地区转移。
Abstract:Big data is creating a new approach to geological research, pushing traditional qualitative geological research methods to the level of quantitative research. Antimony ore is the traditional preponderant mineral resources in China, but now it depends on import and becomes our critical metal. Based on the geological big data of antimony deposits, our studies summarize the spatial distribution regularity of antimony deposits, specifically reveal the spatial distribution of antimony in grade-Ⅰ, grade-Ⅱ and grade-Ⅲ minerogenetic belts, and quantitatively analysis the metallogenic density and intensity of antimony deposits in the provinces, cities, counties and Ⅲ level metallogenic belts in China. The research shows that antimony deposits are distributed in all metallogenic domains in China, and the south China metallogenic province is the most important one with more than 59% resources reserves in the whole world. Hunan is the province with the largest amount of antimony ore and the largest mineralization intensity in China. According to the statistics of prefectural cities, Hechi City of Guangxi has the largest number of antimony deposits and Loudi City of Hunan has the largest mineralization intensity. According to county level statistics, Hechi City in Guangxi has the largest number of antimony deposits, while Loudi City in Hunan has the strongest ore-forming intensity, up to 3330 t/km2. The statistics of the metallogenic belts shows that the western part (Ⅲ-78) of southern Yangtze uplift is a metallogenic belt with the largest number of antimony deposits and the largest ore-forming density; while, central Hunan-northcentral Guangxi (Ⅲ-86) is a metallogenic belt with the strongest ore-forming intensity in China. With the development of exploration work, the new addition of antimony resources will be transferred to the depth of crisis mines such as Banxi and Longshan in Hunan province and western areas such as Tibet. The focus of geological prospecting and mining development will also move downward and westward.
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