Application of airborne hyperspectral imaging technology to the ecological environment protection of Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang Provinces at Yangtze River Economic Belt
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摘要:
机载高光谱成像是一种快速、无损的检测技术，具有光谱分辨率高、波段窄而多和图谱合一的特点。国内小型化的机载高光谱成像仪主要依赖进口，价格昂贵，且高性能的高光谱设备进口困难，限制了高光谱技术在国内的推广和普及。中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心在国家重大仪器开发专项和国家重点研发计划支持下，成功研制出以推扫式小型化成像光谱仪HMS400/1000为核心的轻型机载高光谱成像系统SSMap，建立了机载高光谱遥感综合调查技术方法和作业流程，形成了一套可靠的地物分类方法和水土污染光谱定量反演模型。本文在介绍机载高光谱成像技术基本原理和分析国内外研究现状的基础上，以自主研发的机载高光谱成像系统SSMap为例，结合长江经济带生态环境的需求，详细探讨了总面积4500余km2的航空高光谱遥感作业方法、信息提取与调查应用。通过长江经济带江苏、安徽、浙江等地区的生态环境地质调查应用示范，取得了高质量的机载遥感数据，获得了一批重要调查成果。研究表明，机载高光谱成像技术在生态环境调查、水体监测、土地利用和土地质量评价等方面具广阔应用前景。具有自主知识产权的国产化机载高光谱成像仪降低了采购成本，推动了机载高光谱技术普及，服务了国家重大区域发展战略，具有显著的经济和社会效益。
Abstract:Airborne hyperspectral imaging is a fast and non-destructive detection technology, which has the characteristics of high spectral resolution, narrow and multiple bands and combination of spectrum and images. Domestic miniaturized airborne hyperspectral imagers mainly rely on importing, which are expensive. Moreover, it is difficult to import high-performance hyperspectral equipment, which restricts the promotion and popularization of hyperspectral technology in China. With the support of the national major instrument development project and the national key research and development plan, Nanjing Center for China Geological Survey successfully developed the light airborne hyperspectral imaging system SSMap with the push-broom miniaturized imaging spectrometer HMS400/1000 as the core components, and established the airborne hyperspectral remote sensing comprehensive survey technology methods and operation process, as well as formed a set of reliable ground object classification methods and spectrum quantitative inversion models of water and soil pollution. Based on the introduction of the basic principle of airborne hyperspectral imaging technology and the analysis of research status at home and abroad, taking the self-developed airborne hyperspectral imaging system SSMap as an example, combined with the requirements of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the operation methods, information extraction and investigation application of aerial hyperspectral remote sensing covering an area of 4500 km2 are discussed in detail. Through the demonstration of eco-environmental geological survey in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang and other regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, high quality airborne remote sensing data has been obtained, and a number of important survey results have been obtained. The results show that airborne hyperspectral imaging technology has broad application prospects in ecological environment investigation, water monitoring, land use and land quality evaluation. The home-made airborne hyperspectral imager with independent intellectual property rights reduces the procurement cost, promotes the popularization of airborne hyperspectral technology, serves the national major regional development strategy, and has significant economic and social benefits.
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