The sedimentary characteristics and hydrocarbon potential of Meso-Neoproterozoic source rocks in North China Platform
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摘要:
随着近年来元古宇商业性原生油气藏在全球范围的不断发现，元古宙地层已逐渐成为了油气勘探重点。华北地台燕山地区是中国中-新元古界最为发育的地区之一，中-新元古界总厚可达9553 m，虽油苗等油气显示发现已久，但多年来一直未取得油气突破。为了下一步开展更具针对性的油气调查及勘探，从中、新元古代这套巨厚的沉积地层中优选出油气勘探的有利烃源岩层段就有着非常重要的意义。本文分析了华北中元古代地层中发育的暗色泥岩与微生物碳酸盐岩这两类烃源岩层的沉积特征，并初步评价了它们的生烃潜力。串岭沟组、洪水庄组与下马岭组均发育有厚层的暗色泥、页岩，总有机碳含量TOC平均值分别为0.89%、2.54%、2.82%，有机质的镜质体反射率Ro（采用为镜状体反射率Rovl）值分别为2.03%、1.05%、0.63%。微生物碳酸盐岩在高于庄组、雾迷山组及铁岭组中普遍发育，其内富含微生物群落等丰富的有机质残留，发育TOC>0.2%的优质烃源岩层段。
Abstract:With the continuous discoveries of commercial Proterozoic primary reservoirs in recent years, Proterozoic strata have gradually become the focus of oil and gas exploration. Yanshan area of North China Platform is one of the most developed regions of the Meso-Neoproterozoic stratum in China, and the thickness of the Meso-Neoproterozoic can reach 9553 m. Although oil and gas shows such as oil seedlings were discovered long ago, the exploration breakthrough of oil and gas has not been made so far. In order to carry out targeted oil and gas investigation and exploration, it is of great significance to select the favorable source rock for oil and gas exploration from the Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary strata. Based on the analysis of sedimentary characteristics of dark mudstone and microbial carbonate rocks of Meso-Proterozoic in North China Platform, the hydrocarbon generating potential was preliminarily evaluated. The average values of TOC for thick dark mudstones or shales developed in Chuanliggou Formation, Honghongzhuang Formation and Xiamaling Formation are 0.89%, 2.54% and 2.82%, respectively, and the average values of Ro are 2.03%, 1.05% and 0.63%, respectively. Microbial carbonate rocks are widely developed in Gaoyuzhuang Formation, Wumishan Formation and Tieling Formation, rich in microbial community and other organic matter residues, in which high quality source rock with TOC > 0.2% are developed.
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图 1 华北地台中元古代古地理图（据王鸿祯等, 1985）
Figure 1.
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