Shale gas accumulation conditions and exploration prospects of Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation in Shixi Area, Northern Guizhou
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摘要:
研究目的 文章旨在通过分析狮溪地区狮溪1井五峰组—龙马溪组页岩成藏要素，揭示黔北地区复杂构造区页岩气成藏条件，查明黔北地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气成藏潜力。
研究方法 本次研究基于黔北地区狮溪1井的系列钻井取心、测井曲线、地震资料、地化测试以及储层特征等综合实验分析，围绕“生—储—保”三个维度开展页岩气成藏综合研究。
研究结果 狮溪1井五峰组—龙马溪组富有机质页岩厚度约25 m，TOC含量分布在2.79%~4.77%，等效镜质体反射率为2.01%~2.59%，有机质类型以I型为主，具有良好的生气基础；富有机质页岩层段脆性矿物含量较高，平均值约为61.05%，具有较高的脆性；发育大量微纳米级孔隙，主要为有机质孔、无机—有机质复合孔，孔体积以及比表面积参数表现良好，为页岩气的赋存提供了良好的储集空间；残留向斜内部富有机质页岩段顶底板具有较好的封闭能力，三者纵向上形成良好的生储盖组合；狮溪1井东部与西部发育两条通天断裂，距离断层较远的同时，得益于断层较好的封闭性以及平缓的地层产状，狮溪1井因而具有良好的含气显示。
结论 黔北地区残留向斜内部五峰组—龙马溪组页岩同样具有页岩气高效、规模建产的油气地质条件，是下一步勘查与攻关研究的重点方向。该成果扩大了页岩气勘查范围，拓宽了四川盆地周缘页岩气勘探深度和广度，有望形成新的资源接替区。
Abstract:This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.
Objective The purpose of this paper is to reveal the shale gas accumulation conditions in the complex structural area and to identify the shale gas accumulation potential of Wufeng Formation−Longmaxi Formation in Northern Guizhou by analyzing the shale accumulation elements of Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation in Well SX 1.
Methods This paper focuses on the comprehensive study of shale gas accumulation from the three dimensions of "source, reservoir, and protection", based on the comprehensive experimental analysis of the series drilling coring, logging curves, seismic data, and geochemical testing and reservoir characteristics of Well SX−1.
Results The thickness of organic−rich shale in Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation of Well SX 1 is about 25 m, the TOC content is between 2.79% and 4.77%, and the equivalent vitrinite reflectance is about 2.01%−2.59%. The organic matter type is the primary type I, which has a good gas foundation. The content of brittle minerals in the organic−rich shale section is relatively high, with an average value of about 61.05%, indicating high brittleness. A large number of micro−nano pores are developed, mainly organic pores and inorganic−organic composite pores. The pore volume and specific surface area parameters are good, which provides a good reservoir space for the occurrence of shale gas. The roof and floor of the organic−rich shale section in the residual syncline have a good sealing ability. The three vertically form a good source−reservoir−cap assemblage. There are two large faults in the east and west of Well SX 1, but they are far from Well SX 1. At the same time, due to the good sealing of the faults and the gentle formation occurrence, Well SX 1 has a good gas−bearing display.
Conclusions In summary, the shale of Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation in the residual syncline in northern Guizhou also has oil and gas geological conditions with high efficiency and large−scale production of shale gas, which is the key direction of next exploration and research. The results expand the scope of shale gas exploration, broaden the depth and breadth of shale gas exploration around the Sichuan Basin, and are expected to form a new resource replacement area.
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表 1 狮溪1井五峰组—龙马溪组页岩干酪根显微组分组成
Table 1. Microscopic composition of kerogen in Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation shale of Well SX1
编号 深度
/m腐泥组
/%壳质组/% 镜质组
/%惰质组/% 类型 腐泥无定形体 腐泥碎屑体 无结构镜质体 丝质体 TI 类型 SX-11 1334.24 53 43 0 4 0 93 Ⅰ SX-12 1336.81 83 15 0 2 0 97 Ⅰ SX-13 1338.92 39 58 0 1 2 94 Ⅰ SX-14 1340.27 30 68 0 2 0 97 Ⅰ SX-15 1340.64 45 53 0 1 0 98 Ⅰ SX-16 1341.49 26 72 0 2 0 97 Ⅰ SX-17 1343.36 60 37 0 2 1 95 Ⅰ SX-18 1344.96 37 61 0 1 1 96 Ⅰ SX-19 1347.75 63 33 0 3 1 93 Ⅰ SX-20 1349.27 63 34 0 1 2 94 Ⅰ 
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表 2 狮溪1井五峰组—龙马溪组页岩不同岩相页岩孔体积与比表面积统计
Table 2. Statistics of pore volume and specific surface area of shale with different lithofacies in Wufeng−Longmaxi Formation of Well SX 1
样品编号 层位 深度/m 岩相 孔体积/（10−3 mL/g） 比表面积/（m2/g） 微孔 中孔 宏孔 总孔体积 微孔 中孔 宏孔 总比表面积 1 龙三段 1293.12 黏土质页岩 2.20 6.40 0.76 9.36 5.96 2.24 0.02 8.23 2 龙三段 1297.02 黏土质页岩 2.32 6.58 0.77 9.67 6.31 2.25 0.09 8.64 3 龙三段 1301 黏土质页岩 2.53 6.96 0.90 10.39 6.58 2.27 0.03 8.88 4 龙二段 1305.57 混合质页岩 2.15 5.90 0.73 8.78 5.61 1.87 0.02 7.51 5 龙二段 1309.72 硅质页岩 3.48 10.13 1.20 14.82 9.80 3.69 0.04 13.53 6 龙二段 1317.36 硅质页岩 3.26 8.97 1.15 13.38 10.06 3.47 0.04 13.57 7 龙一段 1322.97 硅质页岩 3.05 8.36 1.03 12.43 10.16 3.38 0.04 13.58 8 龙一段 1333.69 硅质页岩 3.32 9.94 0.49 13.75 9.01 4.52 0.01 13.54 9 龙一段 1340.27 硅质页岩 2.96 8.86 0.44 12.26 9.04 4.53 0.02 13.59 10 五峰组 1347.75 硅质页岩 3.96 10.69 0.43 15.08 9.95 3.52 0.01 13.48
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