活动断层的避让距离与影响范围−以理塘断裂为例

杨镇; 钟宁; 张献兵; 于皓; 郭长宝; 李海兵

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023085

活动断层的避让距离与影响范围−以理塘断裂为例

1.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

2.
中国地质大学（北京）地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083

3.
中国地质调查局新构造与地壳稳定性研究中心，北京 100081

4.
中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京 100037

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42177184）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20221816）；中国博士后基金项目（2019M650788）

详细信息

作者简介: 杨镇（1996—），男，在读硕士，研究方向为活动构造。Email：yangzhenii@163.com

通讯作者: 钟宁（1986—），男，博士，副研究员，从事活动构造与古地震、灾变沉积学研究。Email: zdn2018@126.com

中图分类号: P542

收稿日期: 2023-05-29

修回日期: 2024-11-05

录用日期: 2024-11-12

网络出版日期: 2024-12-13

刊出日期: 2025-02-28

Avoidance distance and influence range of active faults: A case study of Litang fault

1.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

2.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

3.
Research Center of Neotectonism and Crustal Stability, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China

4.
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

Fund Project: This research is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42177184); Project of China Geological Survey (Grant No. DD20221816) and Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2019M650788).

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHONG Ning, zdn2018@126.com

Received Date: 29 May 2023

Revised Date: 05 November 2024

Accepted Date: 12 November 2024

Available Online: 13 December 2024

Publish Date: 28 February 2025

摘要

摘要:
活动断层除引发强震外，还会引起工程错断、蠕滑变形和诱发地质灾害，严重威胁重大工程规划建设和安全运营。在同震地表破裂资料统计的基础上，建立了不同性质活动断层的避让距离，讨论了影响不同出露区断层避让距离的因素，以及活动断层带极强、强、中强和中等影响区范围。研究结果认为正断层上盘的避让距离不小于30 m，下盘不小于15 m；逆断层上盘避让距离不小于45 m，下盘不小于15 m；走滑断层避让距离不小于30 m。同时，基于遥感解译、野外调查、断层剖面和浅层地震勘探等资料，分析了青藏高原理塘断裂带理塘段（理塘断裂）的避让距离与影响范围。研究结果显示：理塘断裂为全新世活动断层，运动性质以走滑运动为主兼有正断分量，其上盘避让距离为30 m，下盘避让距离为15 m。理塘断裂的极强、中强、强和中等活动影响区分别为154 m、154～500 m、500～1000 m和1000～3000 m，研究结果可为区域重大工程规划建设和国土空间管控提供基础资料。
- 活动断层 /
- 避让距离 /
- 影响范围 /
- 理塘断裂 /
- 青藏高原
Abstract: Objective
Active faults can not only trigger strong earthquakes, but also cause engineering breaks, creep deformation, and geological disasters, which seriously threaten the planning, construction, and safe operation of major projects.
Methods
In this study, based on the statistics of coseismic surface ruptures, the avoidance distances of faults with different properties and the ranges of extremely strong, strong, less strong, and moderately affected areas of active fault zones are established. Remote sensing, a geological survey, dislocation landforms, and shallow seismic exploration were used to analyze, the avoidance distance and affected area of the Litang fault on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Conclusion
This study concludes that the hanging wall and footwall avoidance distances of normal faults are not less than 30 m and 15 m, respectively; the hanging wall and footwall avoidance distances of thrust faults are not less than 45 m and 15 m, respectively; the avoidance distance of strike-slip faults is not less than 30 m. The Litang fault is mainly characterized by strike-slip with normal fault components, and its hanging-wall avoidance distance is 30 m and its footwall avoidance distance is 15 m. The extremely strong, strongly, less strong, and moderately affected areas of the Litang fault zones are 154 m, 154-500 m, 500-1000 m, and 1000-3000 m, respectively. [Significance] The research provides basic data for the planning and construction of major projects and the spatial control of the national land.
- active faults /
- avoidance distances /
- influence range /
- Litang fault /
- Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

HTML全文

图 1 不同运动性质断层位移与地表破裂带宽度的关系

Figure 1.

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图 2 走滑断层上、下盘避让距离及计算方法示意图（《活动断层避让》征求意见稿，2019）

Figure 2.

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图 3 同震滑坡发生峰值与距发震断层距离统计图（据He et al.，2022修改）

Figure 3.

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图 4 小鱼洞房屋破坏程度与距离活动断层关系

Figure 4.

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图 5 理塘断裂几何展布及第四纪晚期活动性

Figure 5.

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图 6 理塘断裂牧民新村微动勘探剖面解译与地下三维解释图

Figure 6.

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图 7 理塘断裂极强、强、中强和中等影响区

Figure 7.

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活动断层的避让距离与影响范围−以理塘断裂为例

1. 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081 2. 中国地质大学（北京）地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083 3. 中国地质调查局新构造与地壳稳定性研究中心，北京 100081 4. 中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京 100037

作者简介: 杨镇（1996—），男，在读硕士，研究方向为活动构造。Email：yangzhenii@163.com

通讯作者: 钟宁（1986—），男，博士，副研究员，从事活动构造与古地震、灾变沉积学研究。Email: zdn2018@126.com

Avoidance distance and influence range of active faults: A case study of Litang fault

Corresponding author: ZHONG Ning, zdn2018@126.com

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1.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

2.
中国地质大学（北京）地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083

3.
中国地质调查局新构造与地壳稳定性研究中心，北京 100081

4.
中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京 100037