Discovery of the Zhesi brachiopods fauna in Bolgensume area, Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, and its biogeographical division
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摘要:
内蒙古锡林浩特宝力根苏木乌勒吉图剖面哲斯组灰岩中发现大量腕足化石,共计18属23种。该腕足群落以长身贝目、石燕目为主,化石组合面貌具有典型的哲斯动物群特征。可将其由下至上划分为2个组合:Ⅰ Yakovlevia mammata -Anidanthus rugousa组合;Ⅱ Anidanthus ussuricus- Rhombospirifer zhesiensis组合。其中,组合Ⅰ地质年代为Kungurian期—Roadian期,组合Ⅱ地质年代为Wordian期。通过对腕足冷暖属性特征研究,发现组合Ⅰ属于凉水型-分异型,组合Ⅱ属于凉水型-微渗型。对比其他地区的哲斯腕足动物群可以看出,Kungurian期—Wordian期哲斯腕足动物群由单一的凉水型向混生型演化,造成该变化的原因可能是西伯利亚板块和华北板块间的构造运动和晚古生代冰期作用。
Abstract:Lots of brachiopods which include 18 genera and 23 species were discovered in Zhesi Formation, Wulejitu section, Bolgensume, Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia.The brachiopod community is mainly composed of Productida and Spiriferida, which show typical Zhesi fauna characteristics.It can be divided into two assemblages from bottom to top: Ⅰ Yakovlevia mammata -Anidanthus rugousa assemblage; Ⅱ Anidanthus ussuricus- Rhombospirifer zhesiensis assemblage.The geological age of assemblage Ⅰ is assigned to the Kungurian to Roadian, with the characteristic of cool water facies-differentiation type.The geological age of assemblage Ⅱ is assigned to the Wordian, with the characteristic of cool water facies-micro-osmosis type.A comparison of Zhesi brachiopods fauna from other regions shows that the Zhesi brachiopods fauna evolved from the cold water type to the mixed type mixed type from Kungurian to Wordian.The cause of this change may be the tectonic movement between the Siberian plate and the North China plate or the Late Paleozoic glaciation.
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哲斯组(P2ẑ) 20.浅灰色中砂岩 48.1 m 19.浅青灰色生物碎屑灰岩,含丰富的腕足化石,包括Anidanthus ussuricus (Fredericks),Dictyoclostus margaritatus(Mansuy),Fallaxoproductus graciosa Li et Gu,Gegenella sp.,Kochiproductus porrectus (Kutorga),Linoproductus cora (d'Orbigny),Linoproductus neimongolensis Lee et Gu,Marginifera gobiensis Chao,Monticulifera sp.,Neospirifer yihewusuensis Duan et Li,Orthotetes sp.,Rhombospirifer zhesiensis Duan et Li,Spiriferella salteri Tschernyschew,Spirferella sinica Ching,Stenoscisma purdoni(Davidson),Waagenoconcha(Waagenoconcha)elongata 81.2 m 18.浅灰色中砂岩 50.9 m 17.青灰色亮晶灰岩 48.9 m 16.灰色粗砂岩 23.1 m 15.青灰色中砂岩 86.5 m 14.浅灰色砾岩 4.0 m 13.浅灰色中砂岩 34.1 m 12.灰色细砂岩 52.0 m 11.青灰色生物碎屑灰岩,含丰富的腕足化石,包括Anidanthus kolymaensis (Lichaew),Fallaxoproductus graciosa Li et Gu,Linoproductus neimongolensis Lee et Gu,Liosotella spitzbergiana (Toula),Marginifera gobiensis Chao,Neospirifer striatus (Martin),Neospirifer volatils(Duan et Li),Spiriferella salteri Tschernyschew,Yakovlevia mammata (Keyserling) 9.1 m 10.浅青灰色中砂岩 42.9 m 9.灰色砾岩 2.5 m 8.灰绿色细砂岩 14.5 m 7.灰色砾岩 8.0 m 6.浅灰色中砂岩 32.5 m 5.灰绿色细砂岩 20.1 m 4.青灰色生物碎屑灰岩,生物化石主要为腕足和苔藓虫,其中腕足化石采集层位集中在3层,腕足化石包括Anidanthus kolymaensis (Lichaew),Fallaxoproductus graciosa Li et Gu, Kochiproductus porrectus (Kutorga),Liosotella spitzbergiana (Toula),Liosotella sp.,Linoproductus neimongolensis Lee et Gu,Neospirifer striatus (Martin),Neospirifer yihewusuensis Duan et Li,Orthotetes sp.,Spiriferella salteri Tschernyschew,Stenoscisma purdoni(Davidson),Retimarginifera alata Waterhouse,Waagenoconcha(Waagenoconcha)elongata,Yakovlevia mammata (Keyserling);苔藓虫化石包括Fenestella tessaleta Liu,Fistulipora waageniana Gity 149.3 m 3.灰绿色细砂岩 111.8 m 2.青灰色生物碎屑灰岩,以苔藓虫为主,少量腕足化石碎片,其中苔藓虫包括Fenestalla tessaleta Liu,Fistulipora waageniana Gity 11.5 m 1.灰绿色细砂岩 52.1 m 大石寨组(P1d) 0.青灰色凝灰质砂岩 未见底 表 1 古亚洲构造域各地区哲斯腕足化石组合对比
Table 1. Comparison of the Zhesi brachiopods fauna from different regions in Paleo-Asian tectonic domain
研究区冰期事件 本文 内蒙古锡林浩特哈尔呼舒地区 内蒙古额济纳旗和阿拉善右旗地区 内蒙古德伯斯地区 Wordian 期回暖事件 Anidanthus ussuricus - Rhombospirifer zhesiensis组合(凉水型,微渗型) 哈尔呼舒剖面哲斯腕足动物群(凉水型,微渗型)(杨兵等, 2017) Spiriferella-Kochiproductus-Yakovlevia组合(混合型)(卜建军等, 2011) Yakovlevia Baiyinensis-Paucispinifera gobiensis组合(混合型)(张松梅, 2002) Roadian期的降温事件 Yakovlevia mammata - Anidanthus rugousa组合(凉水型,分异型) Spiriferella saranae-Yakovlevia Mammata组合(凉水型,分异型)(张研, 1990) Yakovlevia mammata - Anidanthuskolymaensis组合(凉水型,微渗型) (张松梅, 2002) Kungurian期降温事件 -
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