Geochronology, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Zhanhongshan Peraluminous Rhyolite Porphyry in Gouli Area, Eastern Section of East Kunlun
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摘要:
东昆仑三叠纪花岗质岩石的研究主要集中于具I型花岗岩特征的大型花岗岩基，而对少量出露的过铝质花岗岩研究较少。东昆仑造山带东段沟里地区战红山花岗斑岩LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb同位素定年结果显示，战红山流纹斑岩的结晶年龄为（245±1）Ma。战红山流纹斑岩具有高Si（SiO2=74.50%～75.59%）、富Na（Na2O=4.04%～4.06%），高Na2O/K2O值（1.26～1.76）和铝饱和指数（A/CNK=1.07～1.14），呈弱过铝质−过铝质中钾−高钾钙碱性系列。岩石稀土含量较低，轻、重稀土元素分馏明显，Eu具轻微的负异常和正异常（δEu=0.80～1.06）；富集Ba、Rb、Th、K、U等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、Ta、Nd、P、Ti等高场强元素，εHf(t)同位素主体呈富集特征（εHf(t)=－4.7～+0.9）。战红山过铝质流纹斑岩具I型花岗岩特征，为早期俯冲洋壳经过幔源岩浆的底侵和外来流体的加入部分熔融的结果。战红山流纹斑岩具弧岩浆岩地球化学特征，结合东昆仑造山带东段岩浆岩分布以及沉积地层特征显示，早三叠世东昆仑地区处于古特提斯洋的俯冲阶段。
Abstract:The study of Triassic granitic rocks in East Kunlun mainly focuses on the large granite batholith with the characteristics of I−type granite, while the study of a small amount of peraluminous granite is less. The LA−ICP−MS zircon U−Pb dating of The Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry shows that the crystallization age of the Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry is 245±1 Ma. The Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry is characterized by high silica (SiO2=74.50%～75.59%), rich Na (Na2O=4.04%～4.06%), high Na2O/K2O ratio (1.26～1.76), and aluminum saturation index (A/CNK=1.07～1.14), which indicate weak peraluminous medium potassium and high potassium calc−alkaline series. The rocks is characterized by low REE content with obvious fractionation of LREE and HREE, slight negative and positive Eu anomalies (δEu=0.80～1.06), also enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE. They have enriched Hf isotopic compositions with εHf (t) isotope values of −4.7～+0.9. It is concluded that the peraluminous Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry has the characteristics of I−type granite, which is the result of the underplating of the subducted oceanic crust through mantle−derived magma and partial melting with the addition of foreign fluid, and has arc magmatic geochemical characteristics. Combined with the previous data, the study shows that the East Kunlun area was in the subduction stage of the Paleo−Tethys ocean in the Early Triassic.
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Key words:
- Eastern Kunlun /
- peraluminous granite /
- petrogenesis /
- geochemistry /
- early Triassic.
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图 3 战红山流纹斑岩锆石阴极发光图（CL）、LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb年龄与锆石Hf分析结果（蓝色数值）（a）、LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb年龄谐和图与锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄图（b）
Figure 3.
图 4 战红山流纹斑岩A/CNK–A/NK图解（a）（据Maniar et al.，1989）、SiO2–ASI图解（b）（据Frost et al.，2001）、SiO2–K2O图解（c）（据Rollinson，1993）和SiO2–ALK分类命名图解（d）（据Wilson，1989）
Figure 4.
图 6 战红山流纹斑岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图（a）（标准化值据Boynton，1984）和原始地幔标准化蛛网图（b）（标准化值据Sun et al.，1989）
Figure 6.
图 7 战红山流纹斑岩Rb–Th图解（a）和（Zr＋Nb＋Ce＋Y）–FeOT/MgO图解（b）（据Whalen et al., 1987）
Figure 7.
图 11 战红山流纹斑岩Y–Sr/Y图（a）和YbN–（La/Yb）N图（b）（底图据Castillo et al.，2006）
Figure 11.
表 1 战红山流纹斑岩LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb同位素分析结果
Table 1. LA−ICP−MS zircon U−Pb isotopic data for the Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry
测点 含量（10–6） Th/U 同位素比值 年龄（Ma） 谐和度 Pb Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1b 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 1 78.34 542.90 1907.85 0.28 0.0491 0.0017 0.2638 0.0093 0.0389 0.0005 154 79 246 3 238 7 96% 2 37.07 383.19 549.67 0.70 0.0535 0.0028 0.2857 0.0143 0.0388 0.0005 350 117 245 3 255 11 96% 3 54.07 388.64 1207.20 0.32 0.0524 0.0023 0.2820 0.0120 0.0391 0.0005 302 102 247 3 252 10 98% 4 43.32 284.07 973.25 0.29 0.0525 0.0023 0.2811 0.0125 0.0387 0.0005 306 128 245 3 251 10 97% 5 80.34 613.89 1766.08 0.35 0.0491 0.0020 0.2626 0.0103 0.0388 0.0004 154 93 245 2 237 8 96% 6 26.34 204.87 601.44 0.34 0.0537 0.0027 0.2877 0.0148 0.0387 0.0005 367 118 245 3 257 12 95% 7 75.59 638.77 1396.56 0.46 0.0515 0.0020 0.2744 0.0097 0.0389 0.0005 265 89 246 3 246 8 99% 8 149.43 1223.27 3122.62 0.39 0.0528 0.0018 0.2812 0.0094 0.0387 0.0005 317 76 245 3 252 7 97% 9 94.39 663.10 2305.14 0.29 0.0505 0.0018 0.2709 0.0099 0.0389 0.0004 217 83 246 3 243 8 99% 10 33.10 226.67 795.31 0.29 0.0457 0.0025 0.2424 0.0125 0.0388 0.0005 – – 245 3 220 10 89% 11 76.66 640.53 1510.44 0.42 0.0530 0.0018 0.2824 0.0088 0.0387 0.0004 328 78 245 2 253 7 96% 12 77.67 528.41 1679.16 0.31 0.0551 0.0016 0.2953 0.0091 0.0388 0.0005 417 65 246 3 263 7 93% 13 20.49 157.49 473.73 0.33 0.0588 0.0031 0.3167 0.0166 0.0390 0.0007 561 115 246 4 279 13 87% 14 48.60 300.47 1286.35 0.23 0.0536 0.0023 0.2885 0.0135 0.0390 0.0006 354 98 247 4 257 11 95% 15 76.30 570.41 1647.07 0.35 0.0493 0.0017 0.2639 0.0087 0.0388 0.0004 161 80 246 3 238 7 96% 16 42.59 324.98 793.87 0.41 0.0572 0.0033 0.3063 0.0167 0.0389 0.0005 502 132 246 3 271 13 90% 17 318.24 441.11 838.71 0.53 0.0571 0.0023 0.3063 0.0122 0.0389 0.0004 494 61 246 3 271 9 90% 18 595.32 645.40 1419.72 0.45 0.0518 0.0017 0.2770 0.0093 0.0387 0.0005 280 71 245 3 248 7 98% 19 534.47 474.48 804.99 0.59 0.0507 0.0022 0.2711 0.0117 0.0388 0.0004 233 102 245 3 244 9 99% 20 654.52 502.77 556.83 0.90 0.0487 0.0023 0.2621 0.0122 0.0389 0.0004 200 111 246 3 236 10 96% 21 398.32 230.52 498.49 0.46 0.0508 0.0019 0.2723 0.0099 0.0388 0.0005 232 87 245 3 245 8 99% 22 583.59 299.31 654.19 0.46 0.0498 0.0019 0.2673 0.0101 0.0389 0.0005 183 117 246 3 241 8 97% 23 801.29 347.04 603.13 0.58 0.0496 0.0020 0.2659 0.0104 0.0387 0.0004 176 127 245 2 239 8 97% 24 796.78 264.83 402.38 0.66 0.0589 0.0036 0.3174 0.0202 0.0386 0.0005 561 133 244 3 280 16 86% 25 9185.75 156.34 167.38 0.93 0.8916 0.0197 28.1135 0.5696 0.2271 0.0019 – – 1320 10 3423 20 11% 26 1238.64 991.84 1269.06 0.78 0.0704 0.0025 0.3808 0.0147 0.0389 0.0005 939 73 246 3 328 11 71% 27 222.43 229.62 634.08 0.36 0.0514 0.0026 0.2752 0.0131 0.0388 0.0004 257 115 245 3 247 10 99% 28 321.80 449.12 1212.88 0.37 0.0538 0.0020 0.2892 0.0108 0.0388 0.0005 365 88 246 3 258 8 95% 29 74.12 146.14 388.29 0.38 0.0580 0.0078 0.3105 0.0373 0.0396 0.0006 532 494 250 4 275 29 90% 30 439.00 791.84 1040.54 0.76 0.1672 0.0053 1.1517 0.0461 0.0494 0.0009 2529 54 311 6 778 22 14% 注：–表示无数据。 
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表 2 战红山流纹斑岩主量元素（%）和微量元素（10−6）分析结果
Table 2. Major (%) and trace element (10−6) compositions for the Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry
样品 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 FeO MgO CaO Na2O K2O MnO TiO2 P2O5 LOI Li Be Sc V Cr Co Ni Cu ZHS-1 75.17 13.54 1.26 0.36 0.42 0.93 4.43 2.67 0.04 0.07 0.04 1.32 5.37 1.99 8.51 5.30 2.92 0.59 1.02 2.49 ZHS-2 75.59 12.89 1.25 0.36 0.41 1.03 4.04 3.21 0.04 0.08 0.04 1.31 3.82 1.96 6.45 4.23 1.98 0.70 0.95 3.40 ZHS-3 76.24 12.67 1.26 0.41 0.43 0.95 4.25 2.67 0.05 0.08 0.04 1.26 4.50 1.85 6.62 4.00 2.44 0.62 0.83 2.67 ZHS-4 74.50 13.59 1.33 0.36 0.51 0.84 4.36 3.24 0.04 0.08 0.04 1.33 5.16 1.96 9.42 4.17 4.47 0.59 1.79 2.39 ZHS-5 75.31 13.41 1.14 0.36 0.45 1.01 4.46 2.53 0.04 0.08 0.04 1.43 3.70 1.95 8.75 4.70 1.72 0.82 0.63 2.47 样品 Zn Ga Rb Sr Zr Nb Mo In Cs Ba Hf Ta W Tl Pb Bi Th U Y La ZHS-1 22.1 13.8 71.5 66.9 105 13.7 0.74 0.03 2.15 880 3.98 1.18 0.95 0.65 10.2 0.25 9.83 2.20 16.3 19.7 ZHS-2 22.1 13.2 87.8 79.4 111 13.4 0.71 0.03 1.65 893 4.14 1.13 1.34 0.70 13.4 0.15 12.4 2.76 22.8 20.8 ZHS-3 21.3 12.9 75.0 50.0 110 13.3 0.75 0.03 2.33 952 4.05 1.11 1.31 0.61 13.2 0.17 6.83 2.06 16.1 13.8 ZHS-4 20.1 13.6 75.9 47.4 112 13.8 0.66 0.03 1.90 929 4.12 1.14 0.91 0.67 9.86 0.24 6.76 2.00 16.4 16.2 ZHS-5 17.9 13.6 69.3 59.8 96.4 13.0 0.75 0.02 1.98 709 3.65 1.14 1.13 0.53 8.33 0.15 9.11 2.17 17.4 20.4 样品 Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Mg# A/CNK δEu （La/Yb）N （Gd/Yb）N Nb/Ta Tzr ZHS-1 34.0 3.93 13.4 2.73 0.77 2.59 0.47 2.65 0.55 1.89 0.27 1.96 0.32 43.7 1.14 0.87 6.79 1.07 11.57 762 ZHS-2 22.2 4.44 15.3 3.35 0.84 3.06 0.61 3.67 0.79 2.63 0.41 2.88 0.46 43.6 1.07 0.79 4.85 0.86 11.89 762 ZHS-3 16.7 2.79 9.80 2.13 0.73 2.06 0.41 2.56 0.54 1.88 0.28 2.02 0.33 44.3 1.09 1.05 4.59 0.82 12.05 763 ZHS-4 19.6 3.17 10.8 2.34 0.76 2.28 0.44 2.60 0.57 1.83 0.28 1.97 0.33 47.3 1.11 0.99 5.55 0.93 12.10 764 ZHS-5 29.2 4.04 13.7 2.77 0.70 2.61 0.48 2.73 0.59 1.85 0.28 2.01 0.33 47.6 1.13 0.79 6.83 1.05 11.45 754 注：Mg# = 100×[Mg2+（Mg2++Fe2+）]； δEu=EuN/（SmN×GdN）1/2；Tzr（℃）=12 900/[LnDz+0.85M+2.95]－273.15， M=（2Ca+K+Na）/（Si×Al）（Watson et al.，1983）。
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表 3 战红山流纹斑岩锆石原位Hf同位素组成
Table 3. In–situ Hf isotopic compositions of zircon for the Zhanhongshan rhyolite porphyry
样品 176Hf/177Hf 1σ 176Yb/177Hf 1σ 176Lu/177Hf' 1σ εHf（t） TDM T2DM BQSCN-2-01 0.282654 0.000021 0.05 0.00 0.001750 0.000003 0.9 864 1211 BQSCN-2-02 0.282593 0.000022 0.04 0.00 0.001523 0.000005 −1.2 946 1345 BQSCN-2-03 0.282542 0.000019 0.06 0.00 0.002058 0.000019 −3.0 1033 1462 BQSCN-2-04 0.282614 0.000020 0.06 0.00 0.001969 0.000007 −0.5 928 1304 BQSCN-2-05 0.282621 0.000019 0.07 0.00 0.002233 0.000009 −0.3 923 1289 BQSCN-2-06 0.282599 0.000021 0.04 0.00 0.001344 0.000009 −1.0 933 1331 BQSCN-2-07 0.282602 0.000024 0.07 0.00 0.002397 0.000007 −1.0 955 1333 BQSCN-2-08 0.282567 0.000020 0.11 0.00 0.003283 0.000044 −2.4 1032 1422 BQSCN-2-09 0.282550 0.000018 0.06 0.00 0.002011 0.000018 −2.8 1021 1446 BQSCN-2-10 0.282525 0.000020 0.05 0.00 0.001711 0.000016 −3.6 1048 1498 BQSCN-2-11 0.282616 0.000020 0.07 0.00 0.002157 0.000010 −0.5 929 1301 BQSCN-2-12 0.282523 0.000019 0.04 0.00 0.001431 0.000004 −3.7 1043 1501 BQSCN-2-13 0.282563 0.000021 0.06 0.00 0.001894 0.000010 −2.3 999 1416 BQSCN-2-14 0.282495 0.000020 0.07 0.00 0.002239 0.000006 −4.8 1107 1570 BQSCN-2-15 0.282581 0.000020 0.07 0.00 0.002238 0.000010 −1.7 982 1379
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