Geochemistry and Zircon U–Pb Dating of the Mingyang Mafic–Ultramafic Rock Complex in Beishan Area of Gansu and Its Prospecting Significance
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摘要:
铭杨岩体位于甘肃北山南带古堡泉–红柳园断裂北侧，侵位于敦煌岩群，为甘肃北山地区新近发现的一处铜镍矿化镁铁–超镁铁岩体，主要由辉橄岩、二辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩、辉长岩等组成。全岩成分以低碱、低钛为特征，轻稀土略富集，具有明显的正Eu异常；富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）Rb、Ba、Sr和K，相对亏损高场强元素（HFSE）Th、U、Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf。岩浆演化过程中发生了橄榄石、斜长石和辉石的分离结晶作用，经历了一定程度的地壳混染，地、物、化、遥综合信息显示具有较好的铜镍成矿潜力。通过LA–ICP–MS锆石U–Pb测年，首次获得铭杨岩体中橄榄辉长岩和辉长岩结晶年龄分别为（452.9±2.4） Ma和（457.7±2.1） Ma，岩体可能为早古生代陆缘裂谷环境下的产物。北山地区早古生代含铜镍岩体的发现对区域构造演化认识具有重要意义。
Abstract:The Mingyang rock body is a newly discovered copper-nickel mineralized Mafic-Ultramafic rock body, which is located on the north side of the gubaoquan-hongliuyuan Fault in the southern belt of Beishan, Gansu. The rock intruding in the Dunhuang rock group,which mainly composed of gabbro, diabase peridotite, olivine gabbro, gabbro, etc. The rock composition is characterized by low alkali and low titanium, slightly enriched in light rare earths, with obvious positive Eu anomalies; enriched in large ion-lithophile elements (LILE) Rb, Ba, Sr and K, and relatively deficient in high field strength elements (HFSE) Th, U, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. During the magmatic evolution, the separation and crystallization of olivine, plagioclase and pyroxene occurred, it has experienced a certain degree of assimilation and contamination. The geological, geophysical and geochemical information show that it has the better potential of copper and nickel ore. The first crystallization ages of (452.9±2.4) Ma and (457.7±2.1) Ma for olivine gabbro and gabbro in the Mingyang rock mass were obtained by LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating. The rocks may be the products of the Early Paleozoic continental margin rifting environment. The discovery of early Paleozoic Cu-Ni-bearing rocks in the Beishan area is of great significance to the understanding of regional tectonic evolution.
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Key words:
- U-Pb zircon ages /
- geochemistry /
- mafic-ultramafic rocks /
- Mingyang
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表 1 铭杨岩体主量元素分析结果表（%）
Table 1. Major element content of Mingyang intrusion (%)
样品号 岩石类型 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 FeO CaO MgO K2O Na2O TiO2 P2O5 MnO NiO Cr2O3 LOI Total m/f Mg# MZK001-Q2 角闪辉长岩 45.06 19.55 1.04 6.26 11.34 13.51 0.21 1.07 0.37 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.04 1.41 100.06 3.29 0.77 MZK001-Q3 橄榄辉长岩 43.41 18.09 0.87 7.16 9.73 15.01 0.25 1.05 0.17 0.01 0.14 0.03 0.03 3.7 99.65 3.31 0.77 MZK001-Q4 橄榄辉长岩 44.12 18.34 1.34 6.56 10.46 14.52 0.21 1 0.32 0.04 0.13 0.04 0.03 2.62 99.73 3.28 0.77 MZK001-Q5 辉长岩 42.95 17.03 0.87 7.31 9.82 15.53 0.32 0.71 0.4 0.02 0.12 0.04 0.04 4.14 99.3 3.37 0.77 MZK001-Q6 橄榄辉长岩 44.37 16.57 0.75 7.52 10.09 15.87 0.26 0.89 0.44 0.04 0.13 0.03 0.05 2.12 99.13 3.40 0.78 17MYQ1 橄榄辉长岩 43.21 14.66 1.67 7.33 8.68 17.31 0.34 0.87 0.43 0.04 0.14 0.05 0.07 4.25 99.05 3.44 0.78 17MYQ2 辉长岩 44.2 17.06 1.3 6.54 8.72 14.82 0.92 1.32 0.28 0.07 0.13 0.04 0.06 3.87 99.33 3.37 0.77 4402-Q2 辉橄岩 44.57 2.32 2.63 9.76 2.88 29.57 0.31 0.19 0.15 0.02 0.16 0.05 0.5 5.46 98.57 4.29 0.81 LT-Q1 橄榄辉长岩 44.16 17.36 0.75 6.79 11.87 14.8 0.13 0.83 0.24 0.02 0.12 0.04 0.05 1.84 99 3.48 0.78 
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表 2 铭杨岩体稀土元素分析结果表（10−6）
Table 2. REE element content of Mingyang intrusion (10−6)
样品号 MZK001-Q2 MZK001-Q3 MZK001-Q4 MZK001-Q5 MZK001-Q6 17MYQ1 17MYQ2 4402-Q2 LT-Q1 样品名 角闪辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 辉长岩 辉橄岩 橄榄辉长岩 La 4.07 4.15 3.71 3.69 4.05 4.25 5.15 3.9 2.28 Ce 8.87 7.88 8.16 8.3 9.38 8.8 9.65 7.95 5.21 Pr 1.17 0.92 1.08 1.11 1.26 1.27 1.23 1.09 0.68 Nd 5.8 4.23 5.45 5.6 6.9 6 5.33 4.6 3.65 Sm 1.25 0.73 1.09 1.18 1.52 1.4 1.16 1 0.83 Eu 0.45 0.34 0.41 0.44 0.52 0.52 0.5 0.19 0.35 Gd 1.25 0.68 1.1 1.15 1.58 1.58 1.19 0.9 0.86 Tb 0.2 0.11 0.18 0.19 0.26 0.26 0.18 0.12 0.14 Dy 1.25 0.67 1.08 1.14 1.58 1.55 1.12 0.72 0.89 Ho 0.22 0.12 0.2 0.21 0.29 0.31 0.22 0.12 0.17 Er 0.66 0.37 0.6 0.61 0.82 0.82 0.63 0.35 0.5 Tm 0.1 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.09 0.06 0.07 Yb 0.62 0.39 0.57 0.58 0.78 0.78 0.61 0.36 0.47 Lu 0.09 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.1 0.06 0.07 Y 7.62 4.15 6.71 6.63 8.81 8.35 6.39 3.33 4.61 ΣREE 26.00 20.71 23.81 24.38 29.17 27.78 27.16 21.42 16.17 LREE 21.61 18.25 19.90 20.32 23.63 22.24 23.02 18.73 13.00 HREE 4.39 2.46 3.91 4.06 5.54 5.54 4.14 2.69 3.17 LREE/HREE 4.92 7.42 5.09 5.00 4.27 4.01 5.56 6.96 4.10 LaN/YbN 4.71 7.63 4.67 4.56 3.72 3.91 6.06 7.77 3.48 δEu 1.09 1.45 1.13 1.14 1.02 1.06 1.29 0.60 1.26 δCe 0.98 0.95 0.99 1.00 1.01 0.92 0.91 0.93 1.01
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表 3 铭杨岩体微量元素分析结果表（10−6）
Table 3. Trace elements content of Mingyang intrusion (10−6)
样品号 MZK001-Q2 MZK001-Q3 MZK001-Q4 MZK001-Q5 MZK001-Q6 17MYQ1 17MYQ2 4402-Q2 LT-Q1 岩石类型 角闪辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 橄榄辉长岩 辉长岩 辉橄岩 橄榄辉长岩 Cu 27.8 18.3 17.4 86.1 32.2 62.7 24.3 157 35.5 Ni 235.74 235.74 314.32 314.32 235.74 392.9 314.32 392.9 314.32 Pb 2.47 3.68 12.7 3.63 2.72 4.61 4.97 1.86 2.15 Zn 49.1 63.8 61.9 54.3 55.4 68.6 71.4 75.4 46 Co 52.3 63.1 58.7 65.1 64.6 77.4 65.5 140 57.1 Li 4.48 12.3 3.16 3.99 6.83 4.4 25.3 3.97 4.08 Rb 4.96 7.56 4.82 9.1 6.37 9.82 32.8 13.4 2.82 Cs 0.46 1.08 0.89 1.11 1.44 2.67 1.93 2.29 0.44 Sr 402 416 403 391 351 231 272 14.5 332 Ba 81.3 64.6 75.5 69.8 71.7 59.1 228 69.6 46.6 V 80.6 38.6 64 71.4 99.6 90.8 64 168 71.3 Sc 14.5 9.72 13.4 14.2 18.9 16.4 14.8 20.4 20.5 Nb 1.92 1.5 1.99 1.87 1.94 1.94 2.01 0.77 0.81 Ta 0.14 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.17 0.16 0.09 0.08 Zr 21.8 17.6 27.3 17.9 19.5 30.6 41.4 13 11.8 Hf 0.7 0.57 0.75 0.64 0.75 0.99 1.16 0.49 0.45 Be 0.26 0.27 0.23 0.25 0.26 0.35 0.38 0.25 0.14 Ga 16.1 13.2 14.2 12.7 13.2 12.3 13.6 3.38 12.1 U 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.1 0.12 0.17 0.3 0.22 0.07 Th 0.5 0.64 0.47 0.39 0.45 0.88 1.1 1.31 1.08
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表 4 铭扬岩体橄榄辉长岩LA–ICP–MS U–Pb锆石年龄分析结果表
Table 4. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb isotopic data of olivine-gabbro form Mingyang intrusion
测点号 含量（10−6） Th/U 比值 年龄（Ma） Pb Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1 670.8 773.6 328.7 2.35 0.054 0.001 0.552 0.121 0.073 0.001 383.4 51.8 446.6 79.0 453.2 4.2 2 399.0 435.7 301.0 1.45 0.054 0.002 0.537 0.067 0.072 0.001 353.8 50.9 436.5 44.3 449.4 4.4 3 411.6 433.9 346.8 1.25 0.054 0.003 0.549 0.061 0.074 0.001 368.6 111.1 444.5 40.1 457.3 4.3 4 507.4 593.0 472.5 1.26 0.059 0.003 0.588 0.045 0.072 0.001 572.3 92.6 469.5 28.9 450.9 6.0 4 451.0 517.0 371.6 1.39 0.056 0.002 0.565 0.024 0.073 0.001 472.3 82.4 455.1 15.7 451.8 6.0 6 386.9 387.2 262.0 1.48 0.069 0.003 0.687 0.030 0.073 0.001 901.9 100.0 531.0 18.3 451.7 4.9 7 834.7 945.0 463.5 2.04 0.056 0.001 0.566 0.014 0.072 0.001 477.8 38.0 455.3 8.8 450.3 4.6 8 421.9 470.5 368.0 1.28 0.054 0.002 0.552 0.020 0.074 0.001 388.9 81.5 446.3 13.1 458.6 4.2 9 162.7 156.6 661.8 0.24 0.057 0.002 0.582 0.030 0.072 0.001 505.6 85.2 465.8 19.1 449.7 5.1 10 631.7 757.4 543.9 1.39 0.057 0.002 0.569 0.031 0.072 0.002 479.7 90.7 457.4 20.1 448.3 10.7 11 184.5 188.2 153.9 1.22 0.061 0.005 0.625 0.051 0.074 0.001 642.6 160.2 493.3 31.8 460.3 6.6 12 504.2 596.1 355.1 1.68 0.056 0.003 0.563 0.036 0.073 0.001 455.6 124.1 453.4 23.1 454.0 6.0 13 956.0 1270.0 444.8 2.86 0.059 0.003 0.602 0.031 0.073 0.001 588.9 98.1 478.3 19.7 456.8 6.1 14 549.9 664.6 308.9 2.15 0.059 0.002 0.600 0.028 0.072 0.001 588.9 75.9 477.4 18.0 451.1 4.1 15 692.9 930.8 497.0 1.87 0.057 0.002 0.572 0.028 0.072 0.001 476.0 86.1 459.5 18.1 450.5 4.6 16 1509.6 2332.8 509.7 4.58 0.061 0.002 0.615 0.026 0.073 0.001 627.8 53.7 486.6 16.5 452.0 4.6
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表 5 铭扬岩体辉长岩LA–ICP–MS U–Pb锆石年龄分析结果表
Table 5. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic data of gabbro form Mingyang intrusion
测点号 含量（10−6） Th/U 比值 年龄（Ma） Pb Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1 40.0 214.4 186.6 1.15 0.062 0.015 0.611 0.144 0.074 0.001 661.1 558.1 483.9 91.1 459.2 6.6 2 89.9 428.6 374.0 1.15 0.053 0.001 0.535 0.016 0.074 0.001 309.3 55.6 435.2 10.4 459.0 5.4 3 132.1 771.2 564.9 1.37 0.053 0.001 0.539 0.017 0.074 0.001 316.7 55.6 438.0 11.2 460.6 5.8 4 123.3 678.6 672.4 1.01 0.054 0.001 0.553 0.015 0.074 0.001 364.9 71.3 446.7 9.5 461.2 4.6 5 66.2 315.0 246.6 1.28 0.052 0.002 0.531 0.023 0.074 0.001 279.7 88.9 432.6 15.2 461.9 6.0 6 37.8 224.1 226.3 0.99 0.057 0.002 0.585 0.031 0.074 0.001 483.4 100.9 467.9 20.1 461.5 6.9 7 72.4 400.2 371.0 1.08 0.055 0.001 0.568 0.023 0.074 0.001 427.8 59.3 456.8 14.7 459.5 5.2 8 212.1 1585.6 911.5 1.74 0.050 0.001 0.509 0.019 0.074 0.002 198.2 36.1 417.6 12.7 458.0 9.2 9 40.0 168.8 340.1 0.50 0.059 0.004 0.601 0.044 0.074 0.001 550.0 140.7 477.6 27.7 460.9 5.7 10 90.0 503.3 407.2 1.24 0.056 0.002 0.570 0.026 0.074 0.001 453.8 81.5 457.8 17.1 458.5 4.1 11 76.8 462.2 372.4 1.24 0.055 0.002 0.561 0.026 0.074 0.001 409.3 67.6 452.2 17.0 460.4 5.0 12 190.4 1116.2 618.7 1.80 0.050 0.001 0.513 0.020 0.074 0.001 209.3 25.0 420.7 13.6 459.0 5.2 13 53.0 322.6 251.0 1.29 0.057 0.004 0.591 0.047 0.074 0.001 509.3 137.9 471.2 30.3 457.5 8.0 14 90.7 454.6 353.7 1.29 0.055 0.002 0.562 0.024 0.074 0.001 433.4 60.2 452.9 15.8 459.1 5.4 15 30.0 159.0 240.4 0.66 0.054 0.002 0.541 0.029 0.072 0.001 368.6 106.5 439.2 19.1 451.0 5.6 16 109.1 591.5 438.7 1.35 0.059 0.005 0.601 0.054 0.074 0.001 561.1 187.9 478.1 34.1 458.6 4.4 17 55.4 295.4 311.0 0.95 0.058 0.003 0.605 0.036 0.074 0.001 542.6 108.2 480.4 22.8 460.4 5.5 18 98.5 517.6 370.1 1.40 0.060 0.002 0.615 0.025 0.074 0.001 611.1 77.8 486.9 15.6 460.8 5.9 19 44.4 363.1 302.5 1.20 0.062 0.003 0.647 0.041 0.074 0.001 664.8 100.9 506.3 25.2 460.6 7.2 20 143.5 518.6 1470.3 0.35 0.060 0.001 0.612 0.020 0.074 0.002 594.5 35.2 484.6 12.7 458.3 10.3 21 62.3 296.2 271.4 1.09 0.057 0.003 0.582 0.032 0.074 0.001 509.3 119.4 465.9 20.7 458.0 5.6 22 92.0 464.2 383.3 1.21 0.053 0.011 0.546 0.120 0.074 0.001 331.5 407.4 442.2 79.0 458.2 6.1 23 87.6 364.5 674.9 0.54 0.060 0.001 0.611 0.018 0.074 0.001 587.1 46.3 483.9 11.1 459.0 4.6 24 186.3 994.0 753.6 1.32 0.058 0.003 0.603 0.054 0.073 0.001 516.7 124.1 479.2 34.4 455.2 8.0 25 63.3 358.1 287.4 1.25 0.054 0.003 0.535 0.028 0.072 0.001 361.2 111.1 434.8 18.8 449.4 6.0 26 28.2 189.7 184.5 1.03 0.055 0.004 0.545 0.043 0.072 0.001 433.4 165.7 441.4 28.1 448.4 7.0 27 66.5 352.9 272.4 1.30 0.059 0.006 0.590 0.057 0.073 0.001 564.9 211.1 471.0 36.1 452.2 4.8 28 123.6 701.3 456.9 1.54 0.056 0.001 0.564 0.021 0.072 0.001 472.3 57.4 454.2 13.8 449.2 4.5
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