MAIN CONTROLLING FACTORS AND RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF LOWER PALEOZOIC CARBONATE ROCKS IN BURIED HILL Z OILFIELD
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摘要:
碳酸盐岩潜山是渤海重要的油气藏类型之一. 以渤海区域重点开发目标Z油田为例, 应用钻测井、岩心、微观薄片及地震等基础资料, 对碳酸盐岩储层特征、形成机制及地质发育模式进行综合分析. 明确了碳酸盐岩潜山储层岩性以白云岩为主, 储集空间为晶间孔、裂缝和溶蚀孔隙. 碳酸盐岩潜山储层主要受沉积、成岩及构造因素控制. 结合单井特征及垂向岩溶分带性, 将潜山纵向分为表层风化带、垂直渗流带和顺层溶蚀带. 受成岩、构造等多因素影响, 上油组较下油组储层发育, 上油组储层全区发育, 下油组储层局限发育. 明确了岩溶分带及储层展布地质模式, 为油田的下步调整和挖潜方向提供依据.
Abstract:Carbonate rock buried hill is one of the important oil-gas reservoirs in Bohai Sea. Taking Z Oilfield, the key development target in Bohai Sea area as an example, the characteristics, formation mechanism and geological development model of carbonate rock reservoir are comprehensively analyzed by using basic data such as drilling and logging, cores, microscopic thin sections and seismic data. The results show that the lithology of carbonate rock buried hill reservoir is mainly dolomite, with the reservoir spaces of intergranular pore, fracture and dissolution pore. Carbonate rock buried hill reservoir is mainly controlled by sedimentary, diagenetic and structural factors. Combined with the characteristics of single well and vertical karst zonation, the buried hill can be divided into surface weathering zone, vertical seepage zone and bedding dissolution zone. Under the influence of multiple factors such as diagenesis and structure, the reservoir in the upper oil formation is more developed than that in the lower, with full-region development for the former and limited development for the latter. The karst zoning and geological model of reservoir distribution provide the basis for next adjustment and potential tapping direction.
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Key words:
- carbonate rock /
- buried hill /
- oil-gas field /
- karst zoning /
- reservoir model /
- Bohai Bay Basin
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表 1 Z油田碳酸盐岩储集空间类型表
Table 1. Types of reservoir space for carbonate rocks in Z Oilfield
储集空间 孔隙类型 发育主要岩石 特征及识别标志 原生孔隙 粒间孔 灰岩、白云质灰岩 孔隙形态主要与生物形态一致，其次为不规则形，孔径大小不一 粒内孔 生屑灰岩、白云质生屑灰岩 多呈不规则状、伸长状 次生孔隙 晶间孔 白云岩、白云质灰岩 在晶粒粗大的白云石晶体间常见，孔隙边界平直，构成折线型孔隙 粒间溶孔 碎屑角砾岩、泥晶角砾岩 边界不规则或呈锯齿状 粒内溶孔 生屑灰岩、白云质生屑灰岩 孔径大小不一，孔壁多不规则或呈港湾状，部分孔壁见残留沥青 残余孔 灰岩、白云质灰岩、白云岩及灰质白云岩 孔隙边部、中部的残留孔隙，长形、多边形，边缘为棱角状、不规则状 裂缝 构造缝 白云岩、灰质白云岩、灰岩及白云质灰岩 呈网状、根须状分布或沿层面延伸 成岩缝 角砾岩、灰岩、白云岩 裂面弯曲，形状极不规则 溶缝、溶沟 各类岩石 溶缝、溶沟壁不规则，宽度变化大，延伸不远或呈尖灭状 
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表 2 沉积环境与物性关系统计表
Table 2. Relationship between sedimentary environment and physical properties
岩性 厚度/m 孔隙度/% 渗透率/10-3 μm2 灰岩 145 1.5 160 白云质灰岩 135 2.0 210 鲕粒灰岩 516 2.2 168 泥晶灰岩 132 1.8 230 生屑灰岩 69 1.1 124 白云岩 784 4.7 377 灰质白云岩 157 2.7 378 泥质白云岩 99 2.0 230 泥岩 83 0.9 103
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