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摘要:
通过水热振荡法制备了膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂，并对废水中铜（Cu（Ⅱ））进行吸附。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对复合吸附剂进行了表征。研究结果表明，膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂对铜的吸附性能优于单一膨润土。与膨润土相比，膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂的形状不规则，表面粗糙疏松。在Cu（Ⅱ）初始浓度为50 mg/L、pH值为7、吸附温度为30℃、接触时间为15 min的条件下，膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂对Cu（Ⅱ）的去除效率可达95%以上，吸附量可达到20.12 mg/g。此外，Langmuir和Freundlich模型都能很好地拟合Cu（Ⅱ）在两种吸附剂上的等温吸附。膨润土壳聚糖复合吸附剂对Cu（Ⅱ）的吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。
Abstract:The removal of copper (Cu (Ⅱ)) from wastewater by composite adsorbent bentonite-chitosan was studied. Characterization of the adsorbent was performed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of contact time, chitosan fraction, adsorption temperature and pH were investigated. Results showed that composite adsorbent had a better adsorption capacity than that of bentonite. Compared with bentonite, the shape of bentonite-chitosan was irregular, and its surface was rough and loose. The adsorption amount of Cu (Ⅱ) could reach the maximum of 20.12 mg/g on the conditions of initial concentration of Cu (Ⅱ) 50 mg/L, pH 7.0, adsorption temperature 30℃, and contact time 15 min. Furthermore, both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could well fit the isothermal adsorption of Cu (Ⅱ) on the two adsorbents. The adsorption process of Cu (Ⅱ) on bentonite-chitosan conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation.
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Key words:
- adsorption mechanism /
- bentonite /
- kinetics /
- clay minerals /
- copper iron /
- wastewater treatment
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表 1 等温线性拟合特征值
Table 1. Isotherm fitting characteristic values
吸附剂类型 Langmiur方程 Freundlich方程 Qm/(mg·g-1) ka R2 KF 1/n R2 膨润土 12.25 0.001 0.949 1.186 7 0.406 7 0.952 膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂 20.12 0.007 0.986 0.141 0.336 7 0.913 
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表 2 吸附动力学参数
Table 2. Adsorption kinetics parameters
吸附剂类型 准一级动力学方程 准二级动力学方程 Elovich方程 K1 R2 K2 qe R2 K3 c1 R2 膨润土 0.097 9 0.933 8 0.048 2 5.35 0.997 3 0.878 5 1.633 0.948 膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂 0.032 5 0.710 3 0.113 5 9.96 0.999 5 0.648 3.429 5 0.916 7
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