Experimental Study on Flotation of a Foreign High Sulfur Copper Mineby a Chelating Collector Cooperate with an Organic Salt Inhibitor
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摘要:
马来西亚某高硫铜矿含Cu 0.95%、S 29.78%，（磁）黄铁矿含量高，矿物嵌布粒度粗细不均，相互包裹，赋存状态复杂，含有的次生硫化铜溶出铜离子易活化黄铁矿，难以选别。试验采用自制螯合捕收剂DKY、含有机盐抑制剂JSSK，在低碱度条件下，经一段粗磨、粗选尾矿再磨的浮选流程，一段磨矿细度-75 μm占70.30%，再磨细度-38 μm含量占92.00%，获得了Cu品位13.66%、回收率73.95%的精矿和Cu品位1.71%、回收率11.43%的扫选精矿，Cu总收率达85.38%。DKY的供电子基团-O-、-RNH、-RC=S及间位不饱和双键，易与矿物表面的铜阳离子生成稳定的螯合物而起捕收作用；JSSK中有机阴离子与（磁）黄铁矿表面铁离子形成络合结构，其多羟基结构增强了（磁）黄铁矿的亲水性，并促进了Ca（OH）2胶粒在（磁）黄铁矿表面的吸附，增强其对（磁）黄铁矿的抑制效果。两种药剂的协同作用实现了铜硫的有效分离。
Abstract:A high-sulfur copper mine in Malaysia with copper content of 0.95%, sulfur content of 29.78%, and high content of (pyrrhotite) pyrite is difficult to separate since the copper ion dissolved by the secondary copper sulfide is easy to activate pyrite as well as because of the uneven mineral dissemination size and the complex occurrence state. The concentrates with the copper grade of 13.66%, recovery of 73.95%, the scavenger concentrates with the copper grade of 1.71%, recovery of 11.43%, and the total copper recovery of 85.38% could be obtained by the methods of the flotation process of coarse grinding with grinding fineness of -75 μm accounted for 70.30%, and rough selection of tailings regrind with regrind fineness of -38 μm accounted for 92.00% used the homemade chelated collector DKY and containing organic salt inhibitor JSSK in the low alkalinity conditions. The electron donating groups of -O-, -RNH, -RC=S and the meta-unsaturated double bond of DKY were easily form a stable chelate which plays a catching role with the copper cation on the mineral surface. The organic anion in JSSK formed a complex structure with iron ions on the surface of (pyrrhotite) pyrite. The polyhydroxy structure enhanced the hydrophilicity of (pyrrhotite) pyrite and promoted the adsorption of Ca(OH)2 colloid on the surface of (pyrrhotite) pyrite, enhancing its inhibitory effect on (pyrrhotite) pyrite. The synergistic effect of the two agents achieved the effective separation of copper and sulfur.
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Key words:
- high sulfur copper ore /
- flotation /
- chelating collector /
- inhibitor
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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果
Table 1. Results of multi-elements analysis of the raw ore
分析项 Cu Pb Zn As Au* Ag* Fe S Al2O3 CaO Na2O K2O MgO SiO2 含量/% 0.95 0.15 0.15 0.069 0.19 < 3 28.68 29.78 2.19 2.06 0.63 0.97 1.58 8.15 注：Au、Ag单位为g/t。 
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表 2 矿石中Cu的化学物相分析结果
Table 2. Results of chemical phase analysis of copper
相别 原生硫化铜 次生硫化铜 自由氧化铜 结合氧化铜 合计 含量/% 0.87 0.051 0.029 0.013 0.97 分布率/% 90.34 5.30 3.01 1.35 100.00
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表 3 选矿流程试验结果
Table 3. Results of mineral processing flowsheet
产品 产率/% 铜品位/% 硫品位/% 铜回收率/% 硫回收率/% 铜粗精矿 5.79 13.66 22.15 73.95 4.31 扫精矿 6.15 1.71 25.67 11.43 5.30 混合精矿 11.94 7.50 23.96 85.38 9.61 尾矿 88.06 0.15 30.57 14.62 90.39 原矿 100.00 0.92 29.78 100.00 100.00
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