Advanced Research on Galena Depressant in Copper-Lead Sulfides Flotation Separation
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摘要:
在复杂铜铅锌多金属硫化矿浮选分离中，由于铜铅硫化矿嵌布粒度关系复杂，可浮性相近，铜铅分离历来是一个难题，而解决其分离的关键则在于高效选择性抑制剂的应用。本文从无机抑制剂和有机抑制剂两个方面详细介绍了铜铅分离常用的方铅矿抑制剂及其作用机理。无机抑制剂主要为重铬酸盐、亚硫酸类及组合抑制剂，因重铬酸盐毒性大，正逐渐被少铬和无铬工艺取代；有机抑制剂种类多、来源广、对环境污染小，小分子有机抑制剂虽选择性较好，但抑制能力欠缺；大分子有机抑制剂虽抑制能力较强，通常与无机抑制剂组合使用，但选择性不高。总体来讲，这两类方铅矿抑制剂的作用机理主要是通过物理或化学吸附作用，在方铅矿表面形成一层亲水性薄膜从而达到抑制作用。随着可持续发展和环境保护越来越被重视，绿色高效的方铅矿抑制剂将成为矿物加工领域研究的重要方向之一。
Abstract:In the flotation separation of complex polymetallic sulfide ore, the separation of copper sulfide and lead sulfide has always been a challenge due to the complex dissemination relationship and the similar floatability. Therefore, the application of highly selective inhibitors solves a key factor in separation. In this paper, the common galena depressants and their depressing mechanism were introduced from the perspective of inorganic depressants and organic depressants. Inorganic depressants are mainly including dichromate, sulfite and combined depressants. Dichromate is gradually being replaced by less-chromium process and non-chromium processes due to the high toxicity. Organic depressants have the advantages of diversity, wide sources, and low toxicity. The small-molecule organic depressants have better selectivity, while their inhibitory ability is relatively poor. The large-molecule organic depressants have a stronger depressing ability but poorer selectivity, which are usually used in combination with inorganic depressants. Generally speaking, the depressing mechanism of the two kinds of depressants is mainly to form a hydrophilic film on the surface of galena through physical or chemical adsorption. With more and more attention being paid to sustainable development and environmental protection, green and efficient galena depressants have become the key research direction in the field of mineral processing.
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Key words:
- chalcopyrite /
- galena /
- copper-lead separation /
- depressant /
- depressing mechanism
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