Purification and Recovery of Negative Component Calcium from Vanadium-bearing Steel Slag
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摘要: 含钒钢渣产自钒钛磁铁矿的炼钢过程，是很有价值的冶金二次资源，可作为提钒的重要原料。然而，含钒钢渣中负组元钙含量极高，高含量的钙会极大地降低提钒的指标、增加提钒的成本，因此对负组元钙进行净化与回收，是必要的提钒预处理手段。基于含钒钢渣中负组元钙的特点，分析了其净化与回收的研究进展，指出了存在的问题，提出了相应的建议：摇床重选净化率不高，并会损失一定的正组元钒，且净化后的钙无法回收，今后可尝试处理能力大的重选设备，并强化重选过程，提高重选精度与选择性；高温焙烧成本高、污染重，基本不具推广应用价值；一些其它技术，具有借鉴作用，能否移植尚不明确，有待进一步完善和发展；氯铵浸出法选择性好，净化率高，不会造成钒的损失，同时可将净化后的钙富集于浸出液中进而实现沉钙回收，是一种有前途的方法；氯铵浸出法优势明显，其回收、循环方面需进一步研究完善。Abstract: As one of the valuable metallurgical secondary resources, vanadium-bearing steel slag produced in steelmaking process of vanadium-titanium magnetite, could be used as the important raw materials for vanadium extraction. However, the content of negative component calcium in vanadium bearing steel slag is very high, which could greatly reduce the extracting vanadium index and increase the cost of vanadium extraction. Therefore, purification and recovery of negative component calcium is a necessary pretreatment measure before vanadium extraction. According to the properties of negative component calcium in vanadium-bearing steel slag, the research progress in purification and recovery of calcium from vanadium-bearing steel slag was analyzed, the existing problems and corresponding suggestions were proposed, mainly as follows: As for gravity separation by shaking table, the purification rate is not high, a certain amount of positive component vanadium would be lost, and the purified calcium could not be recovered, and in future adopting the gravity separation equipment with large treatment capacity, strengthening the gravity separation process, and improving the precision and selectivity of gravity separation are the development direction of this method. High temperature roasting method has problems including high cost, serious pollution, so has little value of promotion and application. Some other technologies, with good reference, are not yet clear whether they could be transplanted and need to be further improved and developed. The leaching with ammonium chloride has many advantages such as good selectivity, high purification rate, and no loss of vanadium. And meanwhile, the purified calcium by this method can be enriched in the leaching solution by this method to realize recovery by precipitation of calcium. The leaching with ammonium chloride is a promising method and its recovery and recycling need to be further studied and improved.
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Key words:
- steel slag /
- vanadium extraction /
- calcium oxide /
- purification /
- recovery /
- leaching with ammonium chloride
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表 1 含钒钢渣的主要化学组元
/% Table 1. Main chemical compositions of vanadium-bearing steel slag
CaO TFe SiO2 MgO V2O5 TiO2 40~60 11~22 5~15 5~11 1~4 1~5 
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