-
摘要:
聚丙烯酰胺在矿业领域中有着重要地位，广泛用于尾水处理和矿物絮凝。对聚丙烯酰胺类絮凝剂的种类、合成方法、絮凝机理及相关应用进行了综述，分析了此类絮凝剂在矿业领域应用面临的主要问题，指出聚丙烯酰胺应该朝着高效、高选择性、环保、安全和经济的方向深入发展。
Abstract:Polyacrylamide plays an important role in mining industry and is widely used in tail water treatment and mineral flocculation. In this paper, the types, synthesis methods, flocculation mechanism and related applications of these flocculants were reviewed. The main problems in the application of polyacrylamide flocculants in mining industry are pointed out, and it is expounded that polyacrylamide should be developed deeply in the direction of high efficiency, high selectivity, environmental protection, safety and economy.
-
Key words:
- polyacrylamide /
- flocculant /
- mining field /
- selectivity /
- environmental protection
-
-
表 1 不同聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂合成方法比较
Table 1. Comparison of synthesis methods of different polyacrylamide flocculants
编号 合成方法 体系构成 产品类型 缺点 优点 1 水溶液聚合 单体、引发剂、水 粉剂 储运费较高、固含量低、线性差 设备简单、成本低、安全性高 2 乳液聚合 单体、引发剂、乳化剂、油相 乳液 不便运输、成本高、环保性差 散热均匀、易溶解、保质期长 3 胶束共聚 单体、引发剂、表面活性剂、水 珠粒状 成本高、表面活性剂残留多 反应稳定、固含量高、方便储运 4 光引发聚合 光引发剂、光源、单体 胶块 光照射不均匀、难规模化生产 生产方便、成本低、纯度高 5 模板聚合 单体、模板分子 胶块 多元反应的理论不足、技术不成熟 定向性好 6 超声聚合 引发剂、超声波、单体 胶块 分子量不高 成本低、均匀性好 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 王茜, 赵磊. 新型无机高分子絮凝剂研究进展[J]. 辽宁化工, 2017, 46(2): 185-186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LNHG201702029.htm
[2] 赵诗雨, 孙连军, 付道松, 等. 复合高分子絮凝剂的研究与应用进展[J]. 化肥设计, 2018, 56(6): 1-4. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HFSJ201806001.htm
[3] LEE C S, ROBINSON J, CHONG M F. A review on application of flocculants in wastewater treatment[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2014, 92(6): 489-508. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2014.04.010
[4] 王勤. 新型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的合成与研究进展[J]. 化工管理, 2019(36): 194-195. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FGGL201936129.htm
[5] 王辉. 阳离子聚丙烯酰胺微球的合成及在污水处理中的应用研究[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2019.
[6] GREGORY J, BARANY S. Adsorption and flocculation by polymers and polymer mixtures[J]. Adv Colloid Interface Sci, 2011, 169(1): 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.06.004
[7] ZHANG P, WANG W, ZHOU Y, et al. Preparation and solution properties of a novel cationic hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide for enhanced oil recovery[J]. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 2019, 55(12): 764-769. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10601325.2018.1526042?scroll=top&needAccess=true
[8] 任豹, 闵凡飞, 陈军, 等. 疏水改性聚丙烯酰胺的合成方法研究进展[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2018, 24(6): 1-7. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JJMS201806001.htm
[9] 李嘉. 巯基乙酰化改性聚丙烯酰胺及其衍生物重金属螯合絮凝剂的性能研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2019.
[10] 赵燕丽. 几种絮凝剂对微藻采收及生物柴油制备的影响[D]. 济南: 山东建筑大学, 2019.
[11] 陈新. 阴离子聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-IA-AMPS)的制备及应用研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2019.
[12] 李卓厉. 新型阴离子聚丙烯酰胺的接枝合成及回收淀粉的应用[D]. 杭州: 浙江工商大学, 2017.
[13] LI J, WU FP, WANG EJ. Hydrophobically associating polyacrylamides modified by a novel self-associative cationic monomer[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2010, 28(2): 137-145. doi: 10.1007/s10118-010-8223-x
[14] 朱阳阳, 金二锁, 宋君龙, 等. 两性聚丙烯酰胺的性质、合成与应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(3): 758-766, 789. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGJZ201503029.htm
[15] 刘伟, 唐华东. 高分子量两性聚丙烯酰胺的研究进展[J]. 应用化工, 2018, 47(9): 1952-1956. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3206.2018.09.037
[16] GAYATHRI K, PALANISAMY N. Methylene blue adsorption onto an eco-friendly modified polyacrylamide/graphite composites: Investigation of kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies[J]. Separation Science and Technology, 2019, 55(2): 266-277. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01496395.2019.1577261?tab=permissions&scroll=top&
[17] WANG C, LI X, LI P. Study on preparation and solution properties of hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide by emulsifier-free ultrasonic assisted radical polymerization[J]. Journal of Polymer Research, 2012, 19(8): 1-7. doi: 10.1007%2Fs10965-012-9933-2
[18] ZHOU Y, ZHENG H, HUANG Y, et al. Hydrophobic modification of cationic microblocked polyacrylamide and its enhanced flocculation performance for oily wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2019, 54(13): 10024-10040. doi: 10.1007/s10853-019-03601-w
[19] 张丽华. 模板反相微乳液聚合法疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的合成研究[J]. 橡塑技术与装备, 2020, 46(10): 9-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJJZ202010003.htm
[20] CHEN F, LIU W, PAN Z, et al. Characteristics and mechanism of chitosan in flocculation for water coagulation in the Yellow River diversion reservoir[J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2020, 34(1): 191-197. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214714420300702
[21] ZHANG Y, MIAO Z, ZOU J. A new cation-modified Al-polyacrylamide flocculant for solid-liquid separation in waste drilling fluid[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2014, 16(10): 41-49. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/app.41641
[22] 杨开吉, 姚春丽. 阳离子高分子聚合物絮凝机理及应用研究进展[J]. 造纸科学与技术, 2019, 38(5): 19-26. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDZZ201905004.htm
[23] 陈秋. 改性聚丙烯酰胺类絮凝剂的合成及应用研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2014.
[24] 杨招君, 徐晓衣, 袁祥奕. 低品位锡细泥选择性絮凝浮选试验研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2019, 28(S1): 212-215+219. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGKA2019S1057.htm
[25] 岳双凌, 廖寅飞, 马子龙. 选择性絮凝-柱浮选回收钼精选尾矿中的微细粒辉钼矿[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2018, 10(5): 52-57. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCZL201805011.htm
[26] STRANDMAN S, VACHON R, DINI M, GIASSON S, et al. Polyacrylamides revisited: flocculation of kaolin suspensions and mature fine tailings[J]. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018, 96(1): 20-26. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cjce.22940
[27] 于淙权. 疏水改性聚丙烯酰胺的制备及选择性絮凝-浮选研究[J]. 矿产综合利用. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1251.TD.20200622.1157.178.html. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1251.TD.20200622.1157.178.html
[28] 李凤久, 刘殿一, 郑卫民, 等. 微细粒赤铁矿-石英体系的选择性絮凝试验研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2016(3): 49-53. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCZL201603012.htm
[29] FIJALKOWSKA G, WIŝNIEWSKA M, SZEWCZUK-KARPISZ K. Adsorption and electrokinetic studies in kaolinite/anionic polyacrylamide/chromate ions system[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2020, 603(25): 232-239. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775720308256?via%3Dihub
[30] SHI S F, ZHENG L, WANG Y Q, et al. Preparation and Application Study on the Coalmine Wastewater Flocculant-PAM/OMMT[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2012, 581(82): 223-227. http://www.scientific.net/AMR.581-582.223
[31] 姜智超, 余侃萍. 氧化-絮凝法处理钨铋选矿废水[J]. 矿冶工程, 2019, 39(1): 91-94. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYGC201901024.htm
[32] 章丽萍, 吴胜念, 宋学京, 等. 难沉降钨矿选矿废水处理研究[J]. 矿业科学学报, 2020, 5(6): 687-695. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYKX202006012.htm
[33] 李利军. 混凝沉淀处理锡选矿废水的研究[J]. 云南化工, 2016, 43(5): 51-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YNHG201605018.htm
[34] 陈先友, 朱北平, 陈钢, 等. 湿法炼锌矿浆絮凝沉降效果研究[J]. 有色金属(冶炼部分), 2018(10): 1-4. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-METE201810001.htm
[35] 谢添, 刘芳斌, 童雄, 等. 刚果(金)高泥氧化铜矿的絮凝沉降试验研究及技改应用[J]. 矿冶, 2020, 29(6): 26-31+39.
[36] 史淯升, 俞小花, 李荣兴, 等. 改性离子型絮凝剂对含锑矿浆沉降性能的影响[J]. 矿冶, 2019, 28(3): 49-53. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYZZ201903010.htm
-
图(5)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1349
- PDF下载数: 36
- 施引文献: 0