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江西宜春花岗伟晶岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽和长石的综合回收

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谢帆欣, 张博远, 杨思琦, 杨志兆, 罗仙平, 周贺鹏. 江西宜春花岗伟晶岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽和长石的综合回收[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2022, 42(3): 30-37. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.03.005
引用本文: 谢帆欣, 张博远, 杨思琦, 杨志兆, 罗仙平, 周贺鹏. 江西宜春花岗伟晶岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽和长石的综合回收[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2022, 42(3): 30-37. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.03.005
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XIE Fanxin, ZHANG Boyuan, YANG Siqi, YANG Zhizhao, LUO Xianping, ZHOU Hepeng. Comprehensive Recovery of Lithium, Tantalum and Feldspar from Granite Pegmatite Spodumene Ore in Yichun of Jiangxi[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(3): 30-37. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.03.005
Citation: XIE Fanxin, ZHANG Boyuan, YANG Siqi, YANG Zhizhao, LUO Xianping, ZHOU Hepeng. Comprehensive Recovery of Lithium, Tantalum and Feldspar from Granite Pegmatite Spodumene Ore in Yichun of Jiangxi[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(3): 30-37. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.03.005
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江西宜春花岗伟晶岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽和长石的综合回收

  • 1.

    江西省矿冶环境污染控制重点实验室(江西理工大学), 江西 赣州 341000

  • 2.

    钨资源高效开发及应用技术教育部工程研究中心(江西理工大学), 江西 赣州 341000

  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52064017);江西省重点研发计划(20181BBG70050);江西省重点研发计划(20214BBG74001);江西省自然科学基金项目(20202BABL204034);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ190425);江西省青年井冈学者奖励计划; 江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划
详细信息
    通讯作者: 周贺鹏(1985-)，男，副教授，E-mail：zhp0919@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TD955

Comprehensive Recovery of Lithium, Tantalum and Feldspar from Granite Pegmatite Spodumene Ore in Yichun of Jiangxi

  • 1.

    Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control (Jiangxi University of Science and Technology), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China

  • 2.

    Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Development and Application Technology of Tungsten Resources (Jiangxi University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China

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    摘要

  • 为实现江西宜春花岗伟晶岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽及长石的综合回收, 开展了选矿综合回收试验研究。研究结果表明, 该锂辉石矿石英、长石含量高, 采用高选择性药剂ZH与氧化石蜡皂组合作为锂辉石捕收剂, 可降低细泥在锂辉石表面的罩盖影响, 优化矿浆流体环境; 在原矿含Li2O为1.51%、Ta2O5为0.022%的条件下, 以氧化石蜡皂+ZH组合捕收剂浮选回收锂辉石, 采用细泥摇床重选工艺回收浮选尾矿中的钽矿物, 重选尾矿采用"弱磁选—强磁选"工艺除铁后作为长石精矿, 获得了含Li2O 5.62%、回收率为74.65%的锂辉石精矿和Ta2O5品位为18.78%、回收率为40.21%的钽精矿, 以及产率为49.16%、含Na2O 2.45%、K2O 4.60%、TFe 0.15%、白度为62.9%的长石精矿。该工艺流程选矿试验指标良好, 实现了硬岩型锂辉石矿中锂、钽和长石的综合回收。

    In order to realize the efficient comprehensive recovery of lithium, tantalum and feldspar minerals from granite pegmatite type spodumene deposit in Yichun of Jiangxi, the comprehensive recovery test of beneficiation was carried out. The results showed that the combined collector composed of high selectivity reagent ZH and oxidized paraffin soap could realize the effective separation of spodumene with silicate gangue minerals and reduce the influence of fine mud on the mineral surface. Under the condition that the raw ore containing 1.51% Li2O and 0.022% Ta2O5, the comprehensive separation process was as follows: the combined collectors oxidized paraffin soap +ZH were used to flotation spodumene; the tantalum in flotation tailing was recovered by gravity separation process of shaker; and the feldspar was recovered by the separation process of low intensity magnetic separation-high intensity magnetic separation. The process could be obtained spodumene concentrate containing 5.62% of Li2O and recovery rate of 74.65%, tantalum concentrate containing 18.78% of Ta2O5 and recovery rate of 40.21%, feldspar concentrate with yield of 49.16%, Na2O 2.45%, K2O 4.60%, TFe 0.15% and whiteness of 62.9%. The beneficiation test index of the process was good, which realized the comprehensive recovery of lithium, tantalum and feldspar from hard rock spodumene ore.

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  • 图 1  磨矿细度(-0.074 mm)对浮选指标的影响

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  捕收剂用量对浮选指标的影响

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  捕收剂配比对浮选指标的影响

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  氢氧化钠用量对浮选指标的影响

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  氯化钙用量对浮选指标的影响

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  钽重选试验流程

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  长石精矿焙烧制饼效果及白度值

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  锂钽及长石综合回收工艺流程

    Figure 8. 

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    表 1  试样化学多元素分析结果

    Table 1.  Chemical multi-element analysis results of samples  /%

    元素 Li2O Ta2O5 Nb2O5 TFe SiO2 P
    含量 1.51 0.0223 0.0051 1.96 70.50 0.046
    元素 Al2O3 CaO MgO Na2O K2O
    含量 13.76 0.22 0.23 3.80 1.93
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  矿物含量分析结果

    Table 2.  Analysis results of mineral content  /%

    矿物 钾长石 斜长石 石英 锂辉石 磷灰石 白云母 钠长石
    含量 13 20 35 15 1 8 8
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  捕收剂种类试验结果

    Table 3.  Test results of collector type  /%

    捕收剂种类 产率 Li2O品位 Li2O回收率
    氧化石蜡皂 24.78 3.57 58.34
    植物油酸 17.86 4.13 51.76
    ZH 18.31 4.78 57.26
    氧化石蜡皂+油酸 34.26 3.57 80.52
    ZH+氧化石蜡皂 23.81 4.39 77.87
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 4  钽重选试验结果

    Table 4.  Tantalum gravity separation test results  /%

    产品名称 产率 Ta2O5品位 Ta2O5回收率
    钽精矿 0.04 18.43 40.24
    尾矿 99.96 0.01 59.76
    浮选尾矿 100.00 0.02 100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 5  强磁选场强条件试验结果

    Table 5.  Test results of strong magnetic separation field strength conditions  /%

    磁场场强 产品名称 产率 TFe品位 TFe回收率
    1.0 T+1.3 T 弱磁选铁杂质 20.33 2.89 68.33
    强磁粗选铁杂质 11.50 1.17 15.65
    强磁精选铁杂质 7.25 0.64 5.40
    长石粉 60.92 0.15 10.63
    重选尾矿 100.00 0.86 100.00
    1.0 T+1.5 T 弱磁选铁杂质 20.17 2.94 68.94
    强磁粗选铁杂质 11.75 1.12 15.30
    强磁精选铁杂质 8.08 0.71 6.69
    长石粉 60.00 0.13 9.07
    重选尾矿 100.00 0.86 100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 6  长石精矿多元素分析

    Table 6.  Multi element analysis of feldspar concentrate  /%

    元素 Li2O TFe SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO Na2O K2O
    含量 0.11 0.15 76.9 12.60 0.06 0.0085 4.60 2.45
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 7  全流程工艺试验结果

    Table 7.  Test results of the whole process  /%

    产品名称 产率 品位 回收率
    Li2O Ta2O5 TFe Na2O K2O Li2O Ta2O5 TFe Na2O K2O
    锂辉石精矿 20.06 5.62 0.039 0.02 / / 74.65 35.25 0.20 / /
    钽精矿 0.05 0.53 18.78 4.36 / / 0.02 40.21 0.11 / /
    长石精矿 49.16 0.11 0.008 0.15 4.60 2.45 3.58 17.88 3.76 59.51 62.41
    杂质矿物 30.73 1.07 0.005 6.12 / / 21.75 6.66 95.93 / /
    原矿 100.00 1.51 0.022 1.96 3.80 1.93 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
    下载: 导出CSV
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