硫化铅锌矿物浮选分离研究进展

刘洋; 童雄; 吕晋芳; 谢贤; 宋强; 范培强

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.03.016

硫化铅锌矿物浮选分离研究进展

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南昆明 650093

2.
金属矿尾矿资源绿色综合利用国家地方联合工程研究中心, 昆明 650093

详细信息

作者简介: 刘洋(1998-), 男, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为浮选理论与工艺

通讯作者: 童雄(1965-), 男, 博士, 教授, 研究方向为复杂多金属难处理矿产资源综合利用

中图分类号: TD952.2;TD952.3

收稿日期: 2022-03-14

刊出日期: 2022-06-25

Research Progress on Flotation Separation of Lead-zinc Sulfide Minerals

1.
Facultyof Land Resource Engineering, Kunming Universityof Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

2.
National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Comprehensive Utilization ofMetal Mine Tailings Resources, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: TONG Xiong

Received Date: 14 March 2022

Publish Date: 25 June 2022

摘要

摘要:
铅锌资源是我国的战略矿产资源, 浮选法是硫化铅锌矿物常用的分离手段。作者通过文献分析, 介绍了硫化铅锌矿物晶体结构与可浮性的关系, 从浮选电化学理论和量子化学理论方面分析了矿浆环境对铅锌浮选分离的影响, 从分子角度总结了药剂与铅锌矿物表面的作用机理, 归纳了铅锌分离的浮选技术和药剂在工业生产中的应用。目前, 铅锌资源回收难度大、新型药剂缺乏, 因此, 深度揭示药剂作用机理、开发新型绿色药剂是未来铅锌分离的研究方向之一。
- 硫化铅锌矿 /
- 晶体结构 /
- 浮选分离 /
- 浮选工艺 /
- 浮选药剂
Abstract:
Lead and zinc resources are strategic mineral resources in China, and flotation is a common separation method for lead-zinc sulfide minerals. The relationship between the crystal structure and floatability of lead-zinc sulfide minerals was introduced, the influence of pulp environment on lead-zinc minerals flotation separation from the aspects of flotation electrochemical theory and quantum chemistry theory was analyzed, the mechanism of the interaction between reagents and the surface of lead-zinc minerals from the molecular point of view was summarized, and the flotation technology of lead-zinc minerals separation and the application of reagents in production were also summarized. At present, it is difficult to recover lead-zinc minerals resources and there is a lack of novel reagents. Therefore, deeply revealing the mechanism of reagents action and developing new green reagents are one of the research directions of lead-zinc minerals separation in the future.
- lead-zinc sulfide minerals /
- crystal structure /
- flotation separation /
- flotation process /
- flotation reagents

HTML全文

表 1 不同硫化铅锌矿浮选工艺特点和应用

Table 1. Characteristics and applications of different flotation process for lead-zinc sulfide minerals

浮选工艺	特点和适用范围
优先浮选	先抑锌浮铅，再活化锌，先后得到铅、锌精矿，精矿品位好，但药剂消耗大。适用于嵌布粒度粗、原矿品位较高的矿石
混合浮选	若铅、锌嵌布关系紧密，则先混合浮选出铅锌, 再将铅锌分离。抛尾后进入磨矿的矿量少，能够降低磨矿的能耗、减少后续作业处理量。适用于铅锌矿物共生关系密切、嵌布粒度细的低品位矿石浮选
等可浮浮选	根据矿物天然可浮性将矿物分成易浮和难浮两部分，在不添加抑制剂仅添加捕收剂前提下将天然可浮选性相近的硫化铅锌矿物混合回收，然后分离铅锌。适用于有用矿物包含易浮和难浮两部分的铅锌矿石浮选，产品回收率高的同时药剂消耗不大，但流程复杂，设备多
异步浮选	不同于等可浮浮选中让铅一次性全部浮完，方铅矿和闪锌矿不同步地在各自合适的条件下浮选。可浮性好的铅锌矿物和可浮性差的铅锌矿物分别在两步作业中回收，分步骤浮选可浮性不同的硫化铅锌矿物，适用于混合精矿的浮选
电位调控浮选	通过控制硫化矿浮选矿浆中的电化学条件，改变捕收剂在硫化矿表面的反应产物和吸附稳定性，实现硫化矿物选择性浮选分离。具有药剂消耗少和低污染的特点，但电位难以控制，工业应用不广泛

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