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摘要:
贵州素有"重晶石之乡"的美誉，重晶石矿探明资源储量高达1.24亿t，占全国重晶石探明资源储量的34%，居我国首位。对贵州省重晶石矿的矿物组成、化学成分、白度、硬度、密度、热学性能和耐酸碱性能等进行了研究，探讨了各地区重晶石矿的开发利用途径。结果表明，贵州省镇宁县、天柱县、麻江县、凯里市四处的重晶石矿样品中，BaSO4含量均在80%以上，矿石中的主要脉石矿物为石英、白云石、方解石等，其中，麻江县和凯里市重晶石矿白度高，酸浸—焙烧后用作精细重晶石粉和化工相关行业；麻江县重晶石矿密度大，可作为钻井用重晶石；天柱县重晶石矿纯度最高，杂质最少，可直接用于化工相关行业；镇宁县重晶石矿样品中SiO2较高，需除硅后再考虑其工业应用。
Abstract:Guizhou is known as the "hometown of barite", whose proven barite reserves are as high as 124 million tons, accounting for 34% of China's proven barite reserves, ranking first in China. In this paper, the mineral composition, chemical composition, whiteness, hardness, density, thermal properties and acid and alkali resistance of barite ore in Guizhou province were studied, and the suggestions for the development and utilization of barite ore in various regions were put forward. The results showed that the content of BaSO4 was more than 80% in the barite ore in Zhenning County, Tianzhu County, Majang County, Guizhou Province. The main gangue minerals in the ore were quartz, dolomite, calcite, etc. Among them, the barite in Majang and Kaili had high whiteness, which was used as fine barite powder and chemical industry after acid leaching and roasting. The barites in Majiang had high density and could be used as barite for drilling. The barite in Tianzhu had the highest purity, the least impurities, could be directly used in the chemical industry. The content of SiO2 in Zhenning samples is high, and its industrial application should be considered after silicon removal.
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表 1 精细重晶石的粉理化性能要求
Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of fine barite powder
项目 指标 项目 指标 硫酸钡含量/% ≥94.0 105 ℃挥发物含量/% ≤0.50 全铁(以Fe2O3计)含量/% ≤0.10 吸油量/(g·g-1) 0.1~0.5 白度/% ≥85.0 水溶物含量/% ≤0.5 pH值 5.5~9.5 45 μm筛余量/% ≤0.30 
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表 2 贵州各处重晶石矿石样品的XRF测试结果
Table 2. XRF of barite ore samples from various places in Guizhou
/% 化学成分 BaO SO3 SiO2 Na2O SrO Fe2O3 CaO MgO P2O5 Al2O3 K2O 其他 ZN-1 68.28 21.53 9.22 0.08 0.18 0.09 —— 0.02 0.07 0.44 —— 0.09 ZN-2 64.75 31.01 3.36 0.60 0.12 —— 0.09 —— 0.02 —— 0.05 —— ZN-3 58.90 27.16 8.59 0.45 0.09 0.11 3.26 1.41 0.03 —— —— —— ZN-4 56.46 27.81 14.15 0.48 0.13 0.21 0.05 —— 0.03 0.62 0.06 —— TZ-1 66.60 28.52 2.24 0.56 0.12 0.29 0.69 0.27 0.08 0.50 0.13 —— TZ-2 67.85 26.48 2.91 0.48 0.10 0.24 1.20 0.15 0.05 0.46 0.08 —— TZ-3 68.64 27.98 1.66 0.48 0.15 0.15 0.28 0.13 0.07 0.41 0.05 —— TZ-4 68.57 26.45 2.56 0.46 0.23 0.30 0.63 0.12 0.04 0.53 0.11 —— MJ-1 68.51 22.14 5.09 0.07 1.10 0.11 2.45 0.48 0.05 —— —— —— MJ-2 70.36 24.18 2.46 0.06 0.79 —— 1.41 0.26 0.04 0.44 —— —— MJ-3 71.54 22.70 3.14 0.06 0.80 0.08 1.39 0.24 0.05 —— —— —— MJ-4 77.91 15.11 1.58 0.05 1.06 0.19 3.61 0.45 0.04 —— —— —— KL-1 59.79 28.31 2.85 0.49 0.55 0.10 4.40 2.80 0.01 0.59 0.08 0.03 KL-2 59.66 28.01 6.49 0.50 0.54 0.11 2.64 1.58 —— 0.42 0.05 —— KL-3 62.68 30.05 3.94 0.59 0.59 0.10 0.87 0.52 0.01 0.56 0.06 0.03 KL-4 62.62 29.98 3.64 0.55 0.82 0.16 0.95 0.60 0.02 0.61 0.05 ——
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表 3 样品的密度与耐酸碱性
Table 3. Density and acid and alkali resistance of the samples
样品编号 密度/(g·cm-3) 耐酸性/% 耐碱性/% ZN-1 4.08 99.91 98.80 ZN-2 4.36 99.91 99.91 ZN-3 4.09 99.95 99.92 ZN-4 4.09 99.95 99.38 TZ-1 4.26 97.57 97.76 TZ-2 4.02 97.08 99.99 TZ-3 4.35 98.35 98.86 TZ-4 4.33 97.74 99.56 MJ-1 4.38 90.03 98.54 MJ-2 3.95 98.28 99.96 MJ-3 3.98 99.98 100.00 MJ-4 4.13 89.46 100.00 KL-1 4.33 89.72 99.73 KL-2 4.39 98.52 100.00 KL-3 4.34 99.52 99.56 KL-4 4.42 98.99 99.43
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表 4 贵州重晶石样品的白度变化
Table 4. Whiteness variation of barite samples from Guizhou
/% 样品编号 ZN TZ MJ KL 原样 50.08 31.28 71.41 68.30 酸浸后 53.77 32.60 80.23 76.13 酸浸—焙烧后 79.07 74.43 86.38 91.60
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