利用扫描电镜-电子探针研究四川杨柳坪镍铜硫化物矿床铂钯的赋存状态及沉淀机制

戴婕; 徐金沙; 杜谷; 王坤阳

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.02.002

利用扫描电镜-电子探针研究四川杨柳坪镍铜硫化物矿床铂钯的赋存状态及沉淀机制

1.
成都理工大学, 四川成都 610059

2.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081

3.
国土资源部沉积盆地与岩相古地理重点实验室, 四川成都 610081

基金项目: 铂族元素赋存状态的系统分析与研究方法(1212011120273);西藏大型矿床成矿专属性研究(1212011221073)

详细信息

作者简介: 戴婕, 博士研究生, 从事微区分析、矿物学、矿床地球化学及实验地球化学研究.E-mail:daijiegirl@163.com

中图分类号: P575

收稿日期: 2014-05-14

修回日期: 2014-12-28

录用日期: 2015-01-08

刊出日期: 2015-02-25

Analysis of the Occurrence of Platinum-Palladium and Precipitation Mechanism by SEM and EPMA in the Ni-Cu Sulphide Deposits from Yangliupin, Sichuan Province, China

1.
Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

2.
Chengdu Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China

3.
Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Basin and Paleogeography & Lithofacies, Chengdu 610081, China

Received Date: 14 May 2014

Revised Date: 28 December 2014

Accepted Date: 08 January 2015

Publish Date: 25 February 2015

摘要

摘要:
本文利用电子探针和配备能谱分析功能的扫描电镜对四川杨柳坪镍-铜硫化物矿床中铂钯的赋存状态进行了研究。结果表明, 铂以独立矿物相砷铂矿和自然铂存在; 钯以碲化物、碲铋化物、碲锑化物、锑化物及自然钯独立矿物相存在, 也以类质同象形式分布在碲镍矿中(钯含量约10%), 另外还以锑铋钯碲矿、六方锑碲钯矿、碲钯矿独立矿物相存, 并以类质同象形式分布在Vavrinite(钯含量5%)和砷铂矿(钯含量1%~5%)中。杨柳坪矿床中铂钯元素沉淀与贱金属矿物(BMS)及晚期热液蚀变矿物蛇纹石、方解石密切相关, 其沉淀经历了3个阶段:① 早期高温阶段(1200~900℃), 铂钯元素沉淀并包裹在BMS中; ② 中期中高温阶段(650~250℃), 分离结晶作用使铂钯元素沉淀并分布BMS矿物的边部, 同时该阶段热液来源的铂钯元素沉淀于BMS粒间; ③ 晚期热液蚀变阶段(500~300℃), 热液蚀变作用引起铂钯元素沉淀在蚀变矿物中或嵌布在BMS裂隙。本文研究成果为认识该矿床及同类型镍-铜硫化物矿床的铂钯成矿过程提供了新的依据。
- 扫描电镜 /
- 电子探针 /
- 杨柳坪 /
- 镍-铜硫化物矿床 /
- 铂 /
- 钯 /
- 赋存状态 /
- 沉淀机制
Abstract:
The occurrence of Pt and Pd in Cu-Ni suphide deposits from Yangliupin, Sichuan Province has been studied successfully by Electron Probe Microscope (EPMA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with energy analysis function. The result showed that Pt existing in the form of sperrylite and native platinium, and Pd was either mainly in the form of individual minerals such as testibiopalladite and hexatestibiopanickelite, or in the form of hexastibiopalladinite, michenerite and merenskyite. Pd was also found as isomorphism form in the Vavrinite (Pd 5%), sperrylite (Pd 1%-5%) and melonite (Pd 10%) which was initially found in the deposit. The precipitation of Pt and Pd was closely related to base metal sulfide (BMS) and altered minerals such as serpentine and calcite. The process can be described as follows: in the first stage with high temperature (1200-900℃), Pt and Pd was precipitated and then included in BMS; in the second stage with high-moderate temperature (650-250℃), Pt and Pd was precipitated on the side or in the crack of BMS with fractional crystallization or hydrothermal function respectively; and in the last stage with the temperature of 500-300℃, Pt and Pd was precipitated in the alteration minerals or in the crack of BMS by reason of alteration. The analysis results provide the scientic basis for other Ni-Cu sulfide of the same type.
- Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) /
- Electron Probe Microscope Analysis (EPMA) /
- Yangliuping Ni-Cu sulfide PGEs deposit /
- Pt-Pd elements /
- occurrence /
- precipitation mechanism /
- /

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图 1 a，c—浸染状硫化物分布在蛇纹岩中；b—块状矿石；d—块状矿石中镍黄铁矿在磁黄铁矿中形成固溶体分离结构

Figure 1.

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图 2 铂矿物在矿石中的分布情况(背散射电子像)

Figure 2.

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图 3 钯矿物在矿石中的分布情况(背散射电子像)

Figure 3.

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表 1 矿石中铂族元素的含量

Table 1. The conponents of platinium gorup elements in ore

矿石类型	Au (10^-6)	Ag (10^-6)	Pt (10^-9)	Pd (10^-9)	Os (10^-9)	Ir (10^-9)	Rh (10^-9)	Ru (10^-9)
杨柳坪浸染状	2.12	0.12	198	456	16.4	12	15.9	31.8
杨柳坪浸染状	0.18	0.002	22.7	32.2	6.28	3.43	16	8.3
协作坪浸染状	1.44	0.08	200	403	13.1	16.1	19.2	34.5
正子岩窝浸染状	0.24	0.02	8.94	8.65	2.22	0.69	20.1	0.4
正子岩窝浸染状	1.58	0.06	211	326	5.96	3.26	6.65	8.6
打枪岩窝块状	15.1	0.06	1670	4010	23.3	28.5	70.7	62.7
打枪岩窝块状	2.86	0.19	487	788	21.4	24.4	36.5	55.2
正子岩窝块状	2.22	0.08	430	715	11.4	15	24	28.1
平均值	3.22	0.08	403.46	842.36	12.51	12.92	26.13	28.7
注：测试单位为四川省地矿局冶金地质研究所。

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表 2 铂矿物单矿物化学成分

Table 2. Chemical composition of platinum minerals

矿物名称及编号	元素含量(%)
矿物名称及编号	S	Fe	Ni	As	Sb	Pt	总量
砷铂矿 (ZZYW2- 2-02)	0.374	2.048	0.000	44.085	0.015	52.446	98.968
	0.440	1.836	0.000	43.323	0.014	52.507	98.120
	0.863	1.501	0.000	43.503	0.412	52.384	98.663
	0.344	2.190	0.059	43.336	0.606	51.986	98.521
	0.277	3.504	0.000	42.218	0.749	52.314	99.062
	0.261	1.218	0.020	42.371	2.259	51.885	98.014
	0.234	1.211	0.058	43.492	1.366	52.487	98.848
	0.257	1.291	0.000	43.062	1.406	52.496	98.512
	0.218	2.177	0.032	42.823	0.577	52.430	98.257
砷铂矿 (ZZYW2- 2-05)	0.255	1.437	0.134	41.376	3.145	51.670	98.017
	0.261	1.456	0.116	42.660	3.167	52.515	100.175
	0.331	1.916	0.022	42.219	3.410	51.546	99.444
	0.332	1.995	0.031	42.228	3.454	51.360	99.400
	0.335	1.910	0.024	42.123	2.112	51.703	98.207
	0.165	1.321	0.062	41.670	3.421	51.496	98.135
	0.178	1.234	0.121	42.525	3.880	52.176	100.114
	0.340	1.375	0.081	43.163	1.973	51.085	98.017
	0.356	1.273	0.054	41.866	2.606	51.847	98.002
	0.457	1.370	0.074	41.930	2.963	52.249	99.043
	0.450	1.727	0.061	42.205	1.337	52.385	98.165
	0.279	1.292	0.076	42.477	3.009	51.765	98.898
	0.234	1.326	0.072	42.242	3.143	52.506	99.523
砷铂矿 (ZZYW2- 2-16)	0.429	1.238	0.938	43.526	1.201	50.753	98.085
	0.573	1.094	1.237	43.673	0.657	52.759	99.993
	1.097	1.220	1.079	42.406	1.153	53.382	100.337
	1.159	1.039	0.799	41.910	0.630	53.567	99.104
自然铂 ZZYW2- 2-16	-	3.21	1.10	1.24	-	94.45	100.00 (能谱)
	1.49	3.65	-	-	-	94.85	100.00 (能谱)
	1.43	3.54	0.69	-	-	94.33	100.00 (能谱)
注：除标注能谱数据外，单矿物成分均为电子探针成分分析数据，能谱数据经过归一化处理，以下各表成分数据与此相同。分析单位：国土资源部成都地质矿产研究所。

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利用扫描电镜-电子探针研究四川杨柳坪镍铜硫化物矿床铂钯的赋存状态及沉淀机制

1. 成都理工大学, 四川 成都 610059 2. 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川 成都 610081 3. 国土资源部沉积盆地与岩相古地理重点实验室, 四川 成都 610081

作者简介: 戴婕, 博士研究生, 从事微区分析、矿物学、矿床地球化学及实验地球化学研究.E-mail:daijiegirl@163.com

Analysis of the Occurrence of Platinum-Palladium and Precipitation Mechanism by SEM and EPMA in the Ni-Cu Sulphide Deposits from Yangliupin, Sichuan Province, China

1. Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China 2. Chengdu Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China 3. Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Basin and Paleogeography & Lithofacies, Chengdu 610081, China

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1.
成都理工大学, 四川成都 610059

2.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081

3.
国土资源部沉积盆地与岩相古地理重点实验室, 四川成都 610081

1.
Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

2.
Chengdu Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China

3.
Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Basin and Paleogeography & Lithofacies, Chengdu 610081, China