Re-Os Isotope Dating of Molybdenite from the Shapoling Mo Deposit, East Qinling and Its Implication for Identification of Late Jurassic Mo Mineralization
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摘要: 河南沙坡岭矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的熊耳地体，产在燕山期花岗岩与围岩太华超群的外接触带，为东秦岭最近发现的细脉浸染型钼矿床。矿体受断裂或围岩裂隙控制，呈细脉、网脉状产出，矿石类型包括细脉状、浸染状和块状。为确定沙坡岭钼矿床成矿时代，本文利用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年，研究表明：采集的6件辉钼矿样品Re-Os单样年龄为158.3±1.5~160.7±1.2 Ma，其加权平均值为160±1 Ma（2σ误差，MSWD=2.1），指示沙坡岭钼矿化发生于晚侏罗世，且早于花山岩基约30 Ma，指示与花岗岩基无关。另外，一件产于花山复式岩体的团块状辉钼矿样品Re-Os单样年龄为130.5±1.0 Ma，与赋矿的花山岩体成岩时代一致，同样与前人报道的辉钼矿年龄（125.4~129.4 Ma）基本一致，且不存在明显的单颗粒辉钼矿187Os迁移，表明部分钼矿化形成于早白垩世。因此，辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年显示沙坡岭矿床存在晚侏罗世和早白垩世两期钼矿化。结合矿床地质特征、成矿构造演化，认为沙坡岭钼矿与熊耳地体的花山岩基、花岗斑岩以及相关热液矿床，均属于秦岭造山带陆陆碰撞过程中挤压向伸展转变体制的产物。Abstract: The Shapoling Mo deposit is located in the Xiong'er rock mass of the southern margin of the North China Craton. The deposit is hosted in a contact zone between granite and wallrocks of the Taihua Soupergroup, which is a recently found discovered vein dissemination type deposit in East Qinling. The ore-bodies are associated with quartz veins and controlled by subsidiary faults. The mineralization styles include veinlet and disseminated types. In order to determine the age of the Shapoling Mo deposit, Re-Os isotopic dating of molybdenite was conducted. Six molybdenite samples yielded Re-Os ages ranging from 158.3±1.5 Ma to 160.7±1.2 Ma, with a weighted mean age of 160±1 Ma (2σ, MSWD=2.1). The Re-Os age shows that the Mo mineralization occurred during the late Jurassic, earlier than the formation of Huashan rock mass (about 30 Ma). In addition, one molybdenite sample in Huashan rock mass yielded a Re-Os age of 130.5±1.0 Ma, which is in accordance with the age of the Huashan pluton and molybdenite age (125.4-129.4 Ma) reported by a previous study. In conclusion, the Shapoling deposit contains two episodes of Mo mineralization from the early Cretaceous and late Jurassic periods. Combining this with geological characteristics and tectonic-metallogenic evolution, it is suggested that Huashan rock mass, granite porphyry, and related hydrothermal deposits in the Xiong'er terrain are the products of extrusion to extension transition during continent-continent collision in the Qinling orogenic belt.
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Key words:
- molybdenite /
- Re-Os isotopic dating /
- Shapoling Mo deposit /
- East Qinling Orogenic belt
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表 1 东秦岭熊耳山沙坡岭钼矿样品特征
Table 1. Description of samples from the Shapoling deposit, used for Re-Os isotope analysis
序号 样品编号 矿石类型 样品特征 1 QG01 团块状矿石 辉钼矿呈粗粒片状，充填于石英二长岩中 2 QG15 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿-黄铁矿细脉浸染状充填于围岩裂隙 3 QG16 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿浸染状充填于围岩中 4 QG17 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿浸染状沿围岩裂隙充填 5 QG18 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿-黄铁矿脉状充填于围岩裂隙 6 QG19 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿-黄铁矿脉状充填于围岩裂隙 7 QG20 浸染状矿石 石英-辉钼矿-黄铁矿细脉浸染状充填于围岩裂隙 
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表 2 沙坡岭钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年数据
Table 2. Re-Os isotopic data for molybdenite from the Shapoling Mo deposit
样品编号 样品质量(g) Re(μg/g) 187Re(μg/g) 187Os(ng/g) 模式年龄(Ma) 数据来源 测定值 2σ 测定值 2σ 测定值 2σ 测定值 2σ QG15 0.026 316.05 3.10 198.65 1.95 531.79 1.53 160.5 1.6 本文 QG16 0.026 338.88 1.73 213.00 1.09 565.61 1.97 159.2 1.0 QG17 0.026 328.87 2.75 206.71 1.73 545.83 2.20 158.3 1.5 QG18 0.025 302.89 3.22 190.38 2.03 508.50 1.77 160.1 1.8 QG19 0.026 298.31 2.09 187.50 1.31 502.71 0.92 160.7 1.2 QG20 0.026 348.01 3.27 218.74 2.06 578.76 1.19 158.6 1.5 QG01 0.026 318.16 2.22 199.98 1.39 435.37 0.94 130.5 1.0 Hspl-3a 0.030 307.82 12.85 193.48 8.08 417.60 0.22 129.4 3.4 [53] Hspl-3d 0.040 186.53 5.12 117.24 3.22 245.23 0.13 125.4 2.2 Hspl-6a 0.030 147.17 3.26 92.50 2.05 196.78 0.08 127.6 1.8 Hspl-6f-1 0.031 259.89 7.43 163.35 4.67 346.32 0.26 127.1 2.2 Hspl-7 0.035 172.12 2.82 108.18 1.77 229.81 0.15 127.4 1.4 LS-10 0.015 282.10 2.30 177.30 1.50 375.00 2.90 126.8 1.7 [25] 注：模式年龄 $t = \frac{1}{\lambda }\ln \left( {1{ + ^{187}}{\rm{Os}}{{\rm{/}}^{187}}{\rm{Re}}} \right)$ 计算，其中λ(187Re)=1.666×10-11 a-1 [47]。
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表 3 熊耳山沙坡岭钼矿及相关花岗岩类的同位素年龄
Table 3. Isotope age of the Shapoling deposit and related granitoids
岩体/矿床 测试对象 同位素方法 年龄(Ma) 文献来源 五丈山岩基 似斑状钾长花岗岩 全岩Rb-Sr 183 [50] 似斑状花岗岩 全岩K-Ar 159 [50] 花岗岩 锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 156.8±1.2 [51] 花岗岩 角闪石Ar-Ar 156.0±1.1 [55] 蒿坪岩基 似斑状钾长花岗岩 全岩Rb-Sr 123 [50] 斑状黑云母花岗岩 锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 130.7±1.4 [51] 花山岩基 似斑状黑云二长花岗岩 锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 128±1 [52] 黑云母花岗岩 锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 132.0±1.6 [51] 金山庙岩基 钾长花岗岩 全岩Rb-Sr 105 [50] 黑云钾长花岗岩 全岩Rb-Sr 125.4 [30] 黑云母二长花岗岩 全岩K-Ar 128 [51] 摩天岭斑岩 全岩 全岩K-Ar 125.7±7.2 [56] 祁雨沟金矿 花岗闪长斑岩 全岩K-Ar 113±2 [30] 花岗斑岩 锆石U-Pb 119.6±7.5 [56] 花岗斑岩 锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 136.6±2.3 [57] 石英斑岩 全岩K-Ar 115±2 [30] 矿石 黄铁矿Rb-Sr 126±11 [58] 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 134±4 [57] 雷门沟钼矿 花岗斑岩 锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 136.2±1.5 [59] 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 131.6±2.0 [59] 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 133.1±1.9 [59] 沙坡岭钼矿 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 126.9±1.7 [25] 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 127.2±0.9 [53] 矿石 辉钼矿Re-Os 160±1 本文
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表 4 东秦岭地区钼矿床的辉钼矿Re含量
Table 4. Re contents of molybdenite from the East Qinling orogen
成矿时代 矿床 类型 矿种 测试矿物 样品数 Re含量
(μg/g)Re平均值
(μg/g)Re-Os年龄
(Ma)文献来源 古元古代 龙门店 Q Mo 辉钼矿 6 504~1130 797 1853±36(I) [11] 寨凹 Q Mo 辉钼矿 6 1.0~43.0 14.7 1761±33(I) [13] 新元古代 土门 F Mo 辉钼矿 6 0.06~30.9 17.9 847.4±7.3 (I) [15] 加里东期 银洞沟 Q Ag-Au-Mo 辉钼矿 5 24.3~25.9 25.0 429±3.9(A) [16] 印支期 黄龙铺 C Mo-Pb 辉钼矿 7 278~289 284 221.5±0.3(A) [63] 黄水庵 C Mo-Pb 辉钼矿 4 88~155 111 209.5±4.3(A) [64] 纸房 Q Mo 辉钼矿 5 4.0~29.9 14.4 243.8±2.8(A) [17] 大湖 Q Au-Mo 辉钼矿 6 0.93~3.42 2.13 218±41(I) [6] 马家洼 Q Au-Mo 辉钼矿 5 0.47~0.79 0.62 232± 11(I) [65] 前范岭 Q Mo 辉钼矿 7 0.19~39.16 22.4 239±13(I) [66] 燕山期 沙坡岭 P Mo 辉钼矿 6 298~348 322 160±1(A) 本文 秋树湾 P-S Cu-Mo 辉钼矿 6 113~180 152 147±4(I) [67] 鱼池岭 P Mo 辉钼矿 5 16.8~81.1 40.3 144.3±5.2(I) [68] 三道庄 S Mo-W 辉钼矿 3 15.5~27.9 23.0 144.0±1.0(A) [3] 上房沟 P-S Mo 辉钼矿 2 19.6~20.5 20.0 142.7±1.4(A) [3] 石家湾 P Mo-Fe 辉钼矿 1 19.0~19.3 19.2 140.7±1.4(A) [3] 南泥湖 P Mo-W 辉钼矿 1 25.3 25.3 139.3±2.3 [3] 金堆城 P Mo 辉钼矿 2 17.3~17.4 17.4 138.4±0.5(A) [63] 雷门沟 P Mo 辉钼矿 2 18.4~25.9 22.2 132.4±1.9(A) [59] 东沟 P Mo 辉钼矿 2 4.10~4.26 4.18 116±1.7(A) [3] 石门沟 P Mo 辉钼矿 6 1.7~15.5 12.2 109±1.7(A) [69] 南沟 P Mo 辉钼矿 13 11.03~49.41 20.5 107±1.1(I) [22] 注：矿床类型：Q—石英脉型，C—碳酸岩脉型，F—萤石脉型，P—斑岩型，S—矽卡岩型，P-S:斑岩-矽卡岩型；Re-Os年龄：I—等时线年龄，A—加权平均年龄。
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