海州湾近岸海域水质状况调查与风险评价

韩彬; 林法祥; 丁宇; 陈发荣; 高伟; 李倩; 郑立

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201806190073

海州湾近岸海域水质状况调查与风险评价

1.
自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 海洋活性物质与现代分析技术重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061

2.
海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 山东青岛 266071

3.
青岛科技大学化工学院, 山东青岛 266042

基金项目:
国家重点研发计划项目"海水总氮总磷在线监测仪器研制及产业化"(2017YFC1403700);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2017Q05);中国东盟海上合作基金项目东亚海洋合作平台(YZ0416002)

详细信息

作者简介: 韩彬, 助理研究员, 主要从事海洋生态环境质量评价及污染物监测技术方面的研究。E-mail:hanbin@fio.org.cn

通讯作者: 郑立, 研究员, 主要从事海洋微生物群体感应调控功能研究。E-mail:zhengli@fio.org.cn

中图分类号: X523;O657.31;O657.63

收稿日期: 2018-06-19

修回日期: 2018-11-27

录用日期: 2019-04-09

Quality Survey and Risk Assessment of the Coastal Waters of Haizhou Bay

1.
Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China

2.
Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China

3.
College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Li ZHENG, zhengli@fio.org.cn

Received Date: 19 June 2018

Revised Date: 27 November 2018

Accepted Date: 09 April 2019

摘要

摘要: 随着我国沿海经济的快速发展，人类活动强度不断加剧，对海洋生态系统的干扰和破坏不断加剧。为了解海州湾近岸海域水质状况，本文于2016年4月、9月对海州湾近岸海域表层海水的温度、盐度、pH值、悬浮物（SS）、溶解氧（DO）、化学需氧量（COD_Mn）、亚硝酸盐（NO₂^--N）、硝酸盐（NO₃^--N）、铵氮（NH₄⁺-N）、活性磷酸盐（PO₄^3--P）、铜、铅、锌、镉、石油类等指标进行了两次采样调查，应用分光光度法和ICP-MS等技术分析各指标；应用单因子法、富营养化指数法和有机污染指数法对该海域海水的质量状况进行了评价分析，以期为研究区环境预警、环境管理和保护提供依据。结果表明：研究海域表层海水中COD_Mn在4月均值为1.34mg/L，9月为1.22mg/L；石油类4月均值为0.031mg/L，9月为0.034mg/L；活性磷酸盐4月均值为0.013mg/L，9月为0.012mg/L；溶解无机氮4月均值为0.34mg/L，9月为0.16mg/L；COD_Mn、石油类、活性磷酸盐、溶解无机氮的质量浓度大致呈现出由西南部向东北部海域降低的趋势，且无机氮总体浓度水平较高，为该海域主要的污染物。根据营养化评价模式和有机污染指数计算结果，本研究认为海州湾近岸海域表层水质总体营养水平较高，处于氮限制的潜在性富营养水平，有机污染程度属于Ⅱ级，水质已受到污染。
- 海州湾 /
- 近岸海域 /
- 化学需氧量 /
- 溶解无机氮 /
- 活性磷酸盐 /
- 分光光度法 /
- 电感耦合等离子体质谱法
Abstract: BACKGROUNDWith the rapid development of China's coastal economy, the intensity of human activity is increasing. The disturbance and damage to the marine ecosystem are becoming increasingly serious. In order to understand the water quality of the coastal waters of Haizhou Bay, the survey of surface seawater quality in Haizhou Bay was carried out in April and September, 2016. Hydrochemistry factors including temperature, salinity, pH, SS, DO, COD_Mn, NO₂^--N, NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N, PO₄^3--P, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and oils were surveyed. OBJECTIVESTo explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and pollution level in the coastal waters of Haizhou Bay. METHODSThe indexes were analyzed by spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Based on the single factor method, evaluation mode of eutrophication and organic pollution index, the water quality has been evaluated. RESULTSThe average value of COD_Mn in the surface seawater of the study sea area was 1.34mg/L in April and 1.22mg/L in September. The average value of petroleum in April was 0.031mg/L, and that in September was 0.034mg/L. The average value of active phosphate was 0.013mg/L in April and 0.012mg/L in September. The average value of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in April was 0.34mg/L and in September was 0.16mg/L. The concentrations of COD_Mn, petroleum, active phosphate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen showed the decreasing trend from the southwest to the northeast. Moreover, the overall concentration of inorganic nitrogen was higher, which was the main pollutant in the sea area. CONCLUSIONSAccording to the eutrophication evaluation model and the results of organic pollution index calculation, this study demonstrates that the overall nutrient level of surface water quality in the coastal waters of Haizhou Bay is relatively high, and it reaches the potential eutrophication level of nitrogen limitation. The degree of organic pollution belongs to GradeⅡ, indicating the level of pollution in the water.
- Haizhou Bay /
- coastal waters /
- chemical oxygen demand /
- dissolved inorganic nitrogen /
- active phosphate /
- spectrophotometry /
- inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

HTML全文

图 1 海州湾采样站位图

Figure 1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2016年4月、9月各污染指标平面分布图

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 海州湾近岸海域水质历史监测结果

Figure 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2016年4月和9月海州湾水质监测数据

Table 1. Monitoring data of sea water quality in Haizhou Bay in April and September, 2016

监测项目	4月			9月
监测项目	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值
水温(℃)	13.89	18.21	16.30	20.03	21.28	20.65
SS(mg/L)	27.7	272.1	96.05	1.33	30.52	15.22
COD_Mn(mg/L)	0.53	1.97	1.34	0.77	1.79	1.22
DO(mg/L)	7.59	8.88	8.25	6.31	8.39	7.44
pH	7.87	8.39	8.12	7.79	8.28	8.01
石油类(mg/L)	0.026	0.047	0.031	0.011	0.047	0.034
盐度	29.23	29.96	29.56	28.49	29.89	29.23
DIP(mg/L)	0.002	0.036	0.013	0.003	0.017	0.012
DIN(mg/L)	0.13	1.58	0.34	0.01	0.22	0.16
Cu(μg/L)	1.55	3.34	2.29	1.46	3.79	2.00
Pb(μg/L)	0.46	0.79	0.64	0.23	0.81	0.36
Zn(μg/L)	3.58	9.48	5.58	6.21	15.37	8.96
Cd(μg/L)	0.09	0.16	0.12	0.1	0.19	0.14

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 海州湾表层海水各富营养化指数、污染指数和有机污染指数

Table 2. Eutrophication, pollution indexes and organic pollution indexes of surface seawater in Haizhou Bay

站位	2016年4月													2016年9月
站位	COD_Mn (mg/L)	DIN (mg/L)	DIP (mg/L)	pH	DO (mg/L)	石油类 (mg/L)	Cu (μg/L)	Pb (μg/L)	Zn (μg/L)	Cd (μg/L)	E	N/P	A	COD_Mn (mg/L)	DIN (mg/L)	DIP (mg/L)	pH	DO (mg/L)	石油类 (mg/L)	Cu (μg/L)	Pb (μg/L)	Zn (μg/L)	Cd (μg/L)	E	N/P	A
H1	0.44	0.50	0.60	0.71	0.08	0.13	0.33	0.14	0.18	0.03	0.79	1.85	1.46	0.49	0.63	0.30	1.03	0.01	0.14	0.38	0.14	0.31	0.02	0.56	4.67	1.41
H2	0.39	5.27	0.43	0.80	0.02	0.10	0.27	0.16	0.14	0.03	5.39	26.91	6.07	0.26	0.47	0.43	0.40	0.14	0.07	0.19	0.06	0.28	0.03	0.31	2.38	1.02
H3	0.49	0.70	0.30	0.09	0.09	0.10	0.23	0.15	0.11	0.03	0.62	5.17	1.40	0.40	0.43	0.33	0.49	0.22	0.15	0.20	0.05	0.18	0.03	0.35	2.88	0.94
H4	0.42	0.47	0.20	0.29	0.03	0.09	0.20	0.13	0.07	0.03	0.24	5.17	1.06	0.60	0.70	0.50	0.37	0.97	0.13	0.20	0.07	0.23	0.04	1.25	3.10	0.83
H5	0.66	0.70	0.13	0.69	0.25	0.10	0.25	0.15	0.12	0.02	0.37	11.63	1.24	0.40	0.70	0.53	0.01	0.13	0.10	0.22	0.06	0.14	0.03	0.89	2.91	1.50
H6	0.37	0.53	0.70	0.43	0.01	0.11	0.33	0.14	0.17	0.03	0.84	1.69	1.60	0.51	0.33	0.17	0.54	0.01	0.13	0.20	0.07	0.19	0.03	0.17	4.43	1.00
H7	0.43	0.60	0.07	0.01	0.12	0.16	0.17	0.09	0.09	0.02	0.10	19.93	0.98	0.39	0.70	0.43	0.37	0.29	0.04	0.17	0.06	0.18	0.02	0.72	3.58	1.23
H8	0.45	0.43	1.20	0.14	0.14	0.09	0.17	0.11	0.09	0.03	1.41	0.80	1.94	0.37	0.73	0.57	0.01	0.17	0.08	0.19	0.05	0.12	0.03	0.92	2.87	1.50
H9	0.57	0.83	0.37	0.40	0.16	0.10	0.27	0.12	0.11	0.02	1.05	5.03	1.61	0.40	0.60	0.37	0.26	0.21	0.16	0.20	0.07	0.14	0.03	0.53	3.62	1.16
H10	0.56	0.67	0.23	0.09	0.12	0.09	0.30	0.14	0.19	0.02	0.52	6.33	1.34	0.36	0.63	0.53	0.09	0.11	0.10	0.26	0.06	0.15	0.03	0.73	2.63	1.41
H11	0.58	1.23	0.47	0.43	0.01	0.09	0.23	0.14	0.08	0.03	1.99	5.85	2.28	0.40	0.30	0.27	0.26	0.05	0.15	0.21	0.05	0.23	0.03	0.19	2.49	0.92
H12	0.41	0.47	0.43	0.09	0.30	0.09	0.33	0.15	0.15	0.02	0.50	2.38	1.01	0.38	0.43	0.37	0.57	0.18	0.10	0.18	0.05	0.17	0.03	0.36	2.62	1.00
H13	0.38	0.57	0.30	0.46	0.04	0.09	0.16	0.10	0.08	0.02	0.39	4.18	1.21	0.40	0.50	0.50	0.51	0.11	0.15	0.20	0.16	0.14	0.03	0.61	2.21	1.29
H14	0.36	2.97	0.77	0.37	0.16	0.09	0.18	0.10	0.08	0.02	4.91	8.57	3.94	0.33	0.60	0.43	0.80	0.07	0.12	0.19	0.07	0.17	0.02	0.51	3.07	1.29
H15	0.44	2.23	0.70	0.09	0.02	0.10	0.18	0.11	0.09	0.02	4.13	7.06	3.35	0.44	0.60	0.40	0.63	0.09	0.13	0.19	0.07	0.15	0.02	0.63	3.32	1.35
H16	0.40	0.60	0.33	0.57	0.03	0.11	0.24	0.12	0.07	0.02	0.48	3.99	1.30	0.40	0.03	0.17	0.80	0.25	0.14	0.16	0.06	0.17	0.03	0.01	0.44	0.35
H17	0.18	0.50	0.67	0.29	0.19	0.12	0.19	0.13	0.15	0.02	0.35	1.66	1.16	0.33	0.13	0.10	0.54	0.28	0.11	0.15	0.11	0.19	0.03	0.03	2.95	0.28
H18	0.36	1.10	0.40	0.49	0.10	0.09	0.19	0.13	0.07	0.02	0.96	6.09	1.76	0.35	0.67	0.50	0.14	0.04	0.08	0.19	0.05	0.15	0.02	0.69	2.95	1.48
H19	0.57	1.23	0.37	0.11	0.06	0.11	0.19	0.13	0.10	0.02	1.55	7.45	2.11	0.44	0.63	0.47	0.26	0.05	0.09	0.18	0.06	0.15	0.02	0.77	3.01	1.49
H20	0.44	1.37	0.23	0.46	0.02	0.12	0.18	0.13	0.11	0.02	0.85	12.97	2.02	0.47	0.63	0.40	0.77	0.09	0.08	0.17	0.09	0.15	0.02	0.72	3.51	1.41
最大值	0.66	5.27	1.2	0.80	0.30	0.16	0.33	0.16	0.19	0.03	5.39	26.91	6.07	0.6	0.73	0.57	1.03	0.97	0.16	0.38	0.16	0.31	0.04	1.25	4.67	1.50
最小值	0.18	0.43	0.07	0.01	0.01	0.09	0.16	0.09	0.07	0.02	0.10	0.8	0.98	0.26	0.03	0.10	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.15	0.05	0.12	0.02	0.01	0.44	0.28
平均值	0.45	1.15	0.45	0.35	0.10	0.10	0.23	0.13	0.11	0.023	1.37	7.24	1.94	0.41	0.52	0.39	0.44	0.17	0.11	0.20	0.07	0.18	0.03	0.55	2.98	1.14

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(30)

[1]	李大鹏, 张硕, 黄宏.海州湾海洋牧场的长期环境效应研究[J].中国环境科学, 2018, 38(1):303-310. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2018.01.034 Li D P, Zhang S, Huang H.Study on long-term environmental effects of marine ranching in Haizhou Bay[J].China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(1):303-310. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2018.01.034
[2]	任晓明, 徐宾铎, 张崇良, 等.海州湾及邻近海域鱼类群落的营养功能群及其动态变化[J].中国水产科学, 2019, 26(1):141-150. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgsckx201901016 Ren X M, Xu B D, Zhang C L, et al.The composition of and variations in the trophic guilds of fish assemblages in Haizhou Bay and adjacent waters[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2019, 26(1):141-150. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgsckx201901016
[3]	王功芹, 张硕, 李大鹏, 等.环境因子对海州湾表层沉积物中氨氮吸附-解吸的影响[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(1):95-103. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tryhj201701015 Wang G Q, Zhang S, Li D P, et al.Effects of environmental factors on ammonia nitrogen adsorption and desorption in the surface sediments of Haizhou Bay[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2017, 26(1):95-103. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tryhj201701015
[4]	沈春宁, 蒋增杰, 崔毅, 等.唐岛湾网箱养殖区水体氮、磷含量特征及潜在性富营养化评价[J].渔业科学进展, 2007, 28(3):98-104. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7075.2007.03.015 Shen C N, Jiang Z J, Cui Y, et al.Analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus contents with assessment on potential eutrophication in the net-cage culture area in Tangdao Bay[J].Marine Fisheries Research, 2007, 28(3):98-104. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7075.2007.03.015
[5]	Vollenweider R A, Giovanardi F, Montanari G, et al.Characterization of the trophic conditions of marine coastal waters, with special reference to the NW Adriatic Sea:Proposal for a trophic scale, turbidity and generalized water quality index[J].Environmetrics, 1998, 9(3):329-357. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-095X(199805/06)9:3<329::AID-ENV308>3.0.CO;2-9
[6]	仲少云, 王庆, 金秉福.模糊综合评判法在芝罘湾水质评价中的应用[J].海洋湖沼通报, 2007(2):57-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6482.2007.02.010 Zhong S Y, Wang Q, Jin B F.Appltcation of the fuzzy synthetic method to seawater quality evaluation in Zhifu Bay[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, 2007(2):57-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6482.2007.02.010
[7]	罗士心, 毛红梅, 陶守耀.水质评价方法综述[J].水资源研究, 2002, 23(2):15-19. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kjqbkfyjj201213056 Luo S X, Mao H M, Tao S Y.Summary of assessment method for water quality[J].Water Resource Study, 2002, 23(2):15-19. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kjqbkfyjj201213056
[8]	薛巧英.水环境质量评价方法的比较分析[J].环境保护科学, 2004, 30(4):64-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-6216.2004.04.023 Xue Q Y.Comparison and analysis of the methods on water environment quality assessment[J].Science of Environmental Protect, 2004, 30(4):64-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-6216.2004.04.023
[9]	赵庆令, 李清彩, 谢江坤, 等.应用富集系数法和地累积指数法研究济宁南部区域土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J].岩矿测试, 2015, 34(1):129-137. http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/doi/10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.017 Zhao Q L, Li Q C, Xie J K, et al.Characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution and its ecological risk assessment in South Jining District[J].Rock and Mineral analysis, 2015, 34(1):129-137. http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/doi/10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.017
[10]	苏子龙, 袁国华, 郝庆, 等.基于熵权法的海洋生态环境承载力评价——以广西近岸海域为例[J].中国国土资源经济, 2018(2):13-18. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgdzkcjj201802003 Su Z L, Yuan G H, Hao Q, et al.Carrying capacity assessment of marine ecological environment based on entropy method-A case study of coastal waters of Guangxi Province[J].Natural Resource Economics of China, 2018(2):13-18. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgdzkcjj201802003
[11]	高磊, 鞠莲.基于水质标准化处理的海水水质评价方法[J].海洋开发与管理, 2015(11):83-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9857.2015.11.018 Gao L, Ju L.Sea water quality assessment method based on water quality standard chemical treatment[J].Ocean Development and Management, 2015(11):83-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9857.2015.11.018
[12]	郑琳, 崔文林, 贾永刚.青岛海洋倾倒区海水水质模糊综合评价[J].海洋环境科学, 2007, 26(1):38-42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2007.01.009 Zheng L, Cui W L, Jia Y G.Evaluation on seawater quality by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in Qingdao dumping area[J].Marine Environmental Science, 2007, 26(1):38-42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2007.01.009
[13]	李婷, 朱长波, 李俊伟, 等.海陵湾口海水水质的综合分析与评价[J].南方水产科学, 2018, 14(3):49-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2018.03.006 Li T, Zhu C B, Li J W, et al.Water quality assessment for Hailing Bay Estuary[J].South China Fisheries Science, 2018, 14(3):49-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2018.03.006
[14]	葛跃浩, 陈佳佳.基于模糊概率综合评价数学模型的长江口水质评价与分析[J].环境与可持续发展, 2016, 41(6):205-206. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-288X.2016.06.065 Ge Y H, Chen J J.Evaluation and analysis of water quality in Yangtze River Estuary based on fuzzy probability comprehensive evaluation mathematical model[J].Environment and Sustainable Development, 2016, 41(6):205-206. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-288X.2016.06.065
[15]	张戈, 于大涛, 袁仲杰, 等.海水水质评价方法比较分析[J].海洋开发与管理, 2009, 26(10):102-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9857.2009.10.022 Zhang G, Yu D T, Yuan Z J, et al.Comparative analysis of evaluation methods for marine water quality[J].Ocean Development and Management, 2009, 26(10):102-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9857.2009.10.022
[16]	谢海群, 吴瑞, 梁计林, 等.海头港近岸海域海水水质状况分析与评价[J].热带农业科学, 2018, 38(4):95-98. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/rdnykx201804017 Xie H Q, Wu R, Liang J L, et al.Analysis and evaluation of seawater quality in coastal waters of Haitou Port[J].Science of Tropical Agriculture, 2018, 38(4):95-98. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/rdnykx201804017
[17]	Aydin I, Temel Z, Gunduz B, et al.Comparative determi-nation of phosphorus fractions in coastal surface sediment (NE Mediterranean Sea) by ICP-OES and UV/VIS spectrometry[J].Atomic Spectroscopy, 2018, 39(5):193-197.
[18]	Yuksel B, Arica E.Assessment of toxic, essential, and other metal levels by ICP-MS in Lake Eymir and Mogan in Ankara, Turkey:An environmental application[J].Atomic Spectroscopy, 2018, 39(5):179-184.
[19]	Vannuci-Silva M, da Silva E D, Artal M C, et al.GFAAS and ICP-MS determination of Ag and Cu in the haemolymph of a millimetric marine crustacean (Parhyale hawaiensis) as a tool in ecotoxicology[J].Atomic Spectroscopy, 2018, 39(2):67-74. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=32f4037853c0642d3ffb07c84a1c3ecb
[20]	韩彬, 宋转玲, 曹磊, 等.龙口湾近岸海域水质状况调查与评价[J].海洋科学进展, 2010, 28(2):186-192. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2010.02.008 Han B, Song Z L, Cao L, et al.Survey and assessment of coastal seawater quality in Longkou Bay[J].Advances in Marine Science, 2010, 28(2):186-192. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2010.02.008
[21]	韩彬, 曹磊, 李培昌, 等.胶州湾大沽河河口及邻近海域海水水质状况与评价[J].海洋科学, 2010, 34(8):46-49. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hykx201008009 Han B, Cao L, Li P C, et al.Survey and assessment of seawater quality at Dagu River Estuary and adjacent sea area[J].Marine Sciences, 2010, 34(8):46-49. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hykx201008009
[22]	李飞, 徐敏, 丁言者, 等.海州湾水质污染空间分布及来源[J].生态学杂志, 2014, 33(7):1888-1894. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stxzz201407026 Li F, Xu M, Ding Y Z, et al.Spatial distribution and sources of water pollution in Haizhou Bay[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2014, 33(7):1888-1894. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stxzz201407026
[23]	方南娟, 梅肖乐.海州湾近岸海域水质现状与趋势分析[J].水产养殖, 2013, 34(1):28-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2013.01.007 Fang N J, Mei X L.Current condition and assessment of trend of water quality in offshore water of the Haizhou Bay[J].Journal of Aquaculture, 2013, 34(1):28-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2013.01.007
[24]	邹景忠, 董丽萍, 秦保平.渤海湾富营养化和赤潮问题的初步探讨[J].海洋环境科学, 1983, 2(2):41-54. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFD1983-HYHJ198302008.htm Zou J Z, Dong L P, Qin B P.Preliminary study on the eutrophication and HABs in the Bohai Bay[J].Marine Environmental Science, 1983, 2(2):41-54. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFD1983-HYHJ198302008.htm
[25]	Redfield A C.The biological control of chemical factors in the environment[J].American Scientist, 1958, 46:561-600. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/OAPaper/oai_doaj-articles_9398222d3984aee03dc1c76028f80f05
[26]	胡明辉, 杨逸萍, 徐春林, 等.长江口浮游植物生长的磷酸盐限制[J].海洋学报, 1989, 11(4):439-443. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-4193.1989.04.002 Hu M H, Yang Y P, Xu C L, et al.Phosphate restriction of phytoplankton growth in Changjiang Estuary[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1989, 11(4):439-443. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-4193.1989.04.002
[27]	蒲新明, 吴玉霖.浮游植物的营养限制研究进展[J].海洋科学, 2000, 24(2):27-30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3096.2000.02.010 Pu X M, Wu Y L.Review of nutrients limitation of phytoplankton[J].Marine Sciences, 2000, 24(2):27-30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3096.2000.02.010
[28]	李广楼, 崔毅, 陈碧鹃, 等.秋季莱州湾及附近水域营养现状与评价[J].海洋环境科学, 2007, 26(1):45-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2007.01.011 Li G L, Cui Y, Chen B J, et al.Nutritional status and evaluation of the waters of Laizhou Bay and nearby waters[J].Marine Environmental Science, 2007, 26(1):45-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2007.01.011
[29]	何桐, 谢健, 方宏达, 等.大亚湾海域春季营养现状分析与评价[J].海洋环境科学, 2008, 27(3):220-223. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2008.03.006 He T, Xie J, Fang H D, et al.Analysis and evaluation of spring nutritional status in the waters of Daya Bay[J].Marine Environmental Science, 2008, 27(3):220-223. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-6336.2008.03.006
[30]	韩彬, 辛明, 陈发荣, 等.胶州湾东北部海域生态环境污染状况研究[J].岩矿测试, 2009, 28(6):524-528. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-5357.2009.06.005 http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/id/ykcs_20090605 Han B, Xin M, Chen F R, et al.Study on ecological environmental pollution status in sea areas of Northeastern Jiaozhou Bay[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2009, 28(6):524-528. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-5357.2009.06.005 http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/id/ykcs_20090605