Identification of Two Kinds of Seawater Cultured Gray Pearls by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Ultraviolet-visible Absorption Spectroscopy
-
摘要: Akoya珍珠属生物矿化有机宝玉石，该类珍珠的矿物组成与微结构分析、定性与其颜色形成属性的鉴定方法尚为缺乏。本文通过光学显微镜、紫外可见吸收光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、能量色散X射线荧光光谱对具有白色或灰色珠核的两类Akoya灰色珍珠的珍珠层与珠核的结构特征及显色机制、紫外吸收光谱、微量金属元素赋存特征进行了对比研究。结果表明：①灰色珍珠的珠核有白色与灰色两类，两类珍珠的直径主要分布在5~9mm，珍珠层厚度约300~500μm；②两类珍珠的珍珠层和珠核的主体矿物组成均为生物文石，且两者的珍珠层中均富Sr贫Mn。③灰色的珠核具有明显的富Mn特征，且由于辐照使得Mn元素的价态升高并使得珠核致灰色，并导致整个珍珠呈现灰色；④紫外可见吸收光谱检测中，一般而言具有白色珠核的灰色珍珠在300~400nm波段可见明显的反射带，而具有灰色珠核的灰色珍珠在400~500nm波段可见明显的反射带。两类灰色珍珠皆为海水养殖珍珠，研究表明这两类珍珠的紫外吸收光谱的差异可作为初步评判灰色系珍珠是否经辐照改色的依据之一。Abstract:
BACKGROUNDAkoya pearl is a biomineralized organic gemstone. The mineral composition and microtextural analysis, and the identification method of color formation of this type of pearl are still lacking. OBJECTIVESTo identify natural gray pearls from treated-color gray pearls. METHODSThe spectroscopic and textural characteristics of two kinds of seawater cultured gray pearls with white or gray nucleus were comparatively investigated by optical microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. RESULTSThe gray pearls with white or gray nucleus had diameters from 5mm to 9mm, the thickness of 300-500μm. The nacreous layer and its corresponding nucleus of the two kinds of gray pearls were composed mainly of biological aragonite, and their corresponding nacreous layers were rich in Sr and poor in Mn. The pearl with the gray nucleus was rich in Mn. The valence state of Mn was increased due to irradiation, resulting in gray of the pearl core and the whole pearl. In general, the pearls with a white nucleus had an obvious reflection band from 300nm to 400nm in the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. On the contrary, those pearls with a light or heavy gray nucleus had a reflection band from 400nm to 500nm. CONCLUSIONSThe two types of gray pearls are all marine cultured pearls. The difference of ultraviolet absorption spectra of the two types of pearls can be used as a basis for judging whether the gray pearls are irradiatedly colored. -
Key words:
- gray pearl /
- ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy /
- structure /
- nacreous layer /
- nucleus /
- irradiation treatment
-
-
[1] 张蓓莉.系统宝石学[M].北京:地质出版社, 1997.
Zhang B L.Systematic Gemmology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1997.
[2] Kripa V, Mohamed K S, Appukuttan K K, et al.Pro-duction of Akoya pearls from the southwest coast of India[J].Aquaculture, 2007, 262(2):347-354. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=586490d17e3e280f32f7263040d25edc&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[3] 宋彦军, 张义丞, 武云龙, 等.银灰色马氏贝海水珍珠的光谱学特征与颜色成因[J].矿物学报, 2017, 37(6):712-716. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-KWXB201706005.htm
Song Y J, Zhang Y C, Wu Y L, et al.Spectra characteristics and coloration mechanism of silver-gray color seawater cultured pearls produced by Pinctada Martensii[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2017, 37(6):712-716. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-KWXB201706005.htm
[4] Tadashi T.The change of pearl colors by the irradiation with γ-ray or neutron ray[J].Journal of Radiation Research, 1963, 4(2-4):120-125. doi: 10.1269/jrr.4.120
[5] 李立平, 杨明星.带染色核海水养殖珍珠的鉴别[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2005, 7(2):7-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2005.02.002
Li L P, Yang M X.Identificatin of sweater cultured pearls with dyed nucleus[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2005, 7(2):7-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2005.02.002
[6] 亓利剑, 黄艺兰, 曾春光.各类金色海水珍珠的呈色属性及UV-Vis的反射光谱[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2008, 10(4):1-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2008.04.001
Qi L J, Huang Y L, Zeng C G.Colouration attributes and UV-Vis reflection spectra of various golden seawater cultured pearls[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2008, 10(4):1-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2008.04.001
[7] 刘雯雯, 李立平.珍珠的金黄色染色工艺及染色珍珠的鉴定[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2007, 9(4):33-36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2007.04.008
Liu W W, Li L P.Technology and identification of golden dyed pearls[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2007, 9(4):33-36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2007.04.008
[8] 董珺慧, 王以群, 史凌云, 等.黑色珍珠的无机染色[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 39(2):172-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3080.2013.02.011
Dong J H, Wang Y Q, Shi L Y, et al.Inorganic dyeing of black pearl[J].Journal of East China University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2013, 39(2):172-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3080.2013.02.011
[9] 郭倩, 徐志.天然金珍珠和染色金珍珠的致色因素和鉴定分析方法研究进展[J].岩矿测试, 2015, 34(5):512-519. http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/doi/10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.05.003
Guo Q, Xu Z.Coloring factors of naturall and dyed golden pearls and research progress on their identification methods[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(5):512-519. http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/doi/10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.05.003
[10] Matsuda Y.Effects of γ-irradiation on color and fluo-rescence of pearls[J].Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 1988, 27(2):235-239.
[11] Kim H Y, Hanifehpour Y, Narayan A, et al.Structural studies and optical properties of pearl nucleus irradiated by γ-ray[J].Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, 2013, 168(9):696-704. doi: 10.1080/10420150.2012.761997
[12] Kim H Y, Min B K, Jeong W G.Effects of γ-ray irra-diation on the color of pearl nucleus[J].Journal of Architecture Planning & Environmental Engineering, 2011, 27(3):247-252.
[13] Kim Y C, Choi H, Lee B, et al.Identification of irradia-ted south sea cultured pearls using electron spin resonance spectroscopy[J].Gems & Gemology, 2012, 48(4):292-299.
[14] Elen S.Update on the identification of treated golden south sea cultured pearls[J].Gems & Gemology, 2002, 38(2):156-159. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=d03c9cbb6b73c13359f9881655693b30
[15] Elen S.Spectral reflectance and fluorescence characteri-stics of natural-color and heat-treated golden south sea cultured pearls[J].Gems & Gemology, 2001, 37(2):114-123. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274418269_Spectral_Reflectance_and_Fluorescence_Characteristics_of_Natural-Color_and_Heat-Treated_Golden_South_Sea_Cultured_Pearls
[16] 陈育, 郭守国, 史凌云.光谱学在金黄色海水珍珠鉴定中的应用[J].光学学报, 2009, 29(6):1706-1709. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gxxb200906050
Chen Y, Guo S G, Shi L Y.Application of spectroscopy in identification of golden saltwater pearl[J].Acta Optica Sinica, 2009, 29(6):1706-1709. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gxxb200906050
[17] 严俊, 陶金波, 邓小琼, 等.金色海水养殖珍珠异常的UV-Vis反射与FTIR光谱特征[J].光谱学与光谱分析, 2014, 34(5):1206-1210. doi: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2014)05-1206-05
Yan J, Tao J B, Deng X Q, et al.The unique reflection spectra and IR characteristics of gold-color seawater cultured pearl[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2014, 34(5):1206-1210. doi: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2014)05-1206-05
[18] 李立平, 陈钟惠.养殖珍珠的辐照处理[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2002, 4(3):16-21. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2002.03.004
Li L P, Chen Z H.Irradiation treatment of cultured pearls[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2002, 4(3):16-21. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2002.03.004
[19] Yan J, Zhang J, Tao J B, et al.Origin of the common UV absorption feature in cultured pearls and shells[J].Journal of Materials Science, 2017, 52(14):8362-8369. doi: 10.1007/s10853-017-1111-9
[20] 张刚生, 李浩璇.生物成因文石与无机成因文石的FTIR光谱区别[J].矿物岩石, 2006, 26(1):1-4. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=kwys200601001
Zhang G S, Li H X.The FTIR spectra difference between biogenic and abiogenic aragonites[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 2006, 26(1):1-4. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=kwys200601001
[21] Pokroy B, Quintana J P, Caspi E N, et al.Anissotropic lattice distortions in biogenic aragonite[J].Natural Materials, 2004, 3(12):900-902. doi: 10.1038/nmat1263
[22] Pokroy B, Fieramosca J S, von Dreele R B, et al.Atomic structure of biogenic aragonite[J].Chemistry Materials, 2007, 19(13):3244-3251. doi: 10.1021/cm070187u
[23] 严俊, 刘培钧, 张旭, 等.海水养殖金色珍珠独特的吸收光谱及其微结构[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 20(6):707-714. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.06.006
Yan J, Liu P J, Zhang X, et al.Unique absorption spectrum and microstructure characteristics of golden seawater cultured pearl[J].Journal of Shanghai University (Natural Science), 2014, 20(6):707-714. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.06.006
[24] 严俊, 胡仙超, 王巨安, 等.不同颜色的淡水养殖珍珠呈色机理研究[J].岩矿测试, 2013, 32(2):263-268. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-5357.2013.02.014 http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/id/3f230373-2ef9-4dc0-8e25-d82003572e5a
Yan J, Hu X C, Wang J A, et al.Investigation on the coloring mechanism of freshwater cultured pearls with different color[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2013, 32(2):263-268. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-5357.2013.02.014 http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/article/id/3f230373-2ef9-4dc0-8e25-d82003572e5a
[25] 张刚生, 丁世磊, 贾太轩, 等.珍珠及贝壳珍珠层文石的异常红外光谱特征[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2005, 7(3):7-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2005.03.002
Zhang G S, Ding S L, Jia T X, et al.Unusual characteristics of FTIR spectra aragonites from nacreous layers of pearls and bivalve shells[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2005, 7(3):7-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2005.03.002
[26] Habermann D, Banerjee A, Meijer J, et al.Investigation of manganese in salt- and freshwater pearls[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 2001, 181(1):739-743. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLQK/10.1016-S0168-583X(01)00353-6/
[27] 木士春, 马红艳.养殖珍珠微量元素特征及其对珍珠生长环境的指示意义[J].矿物学报, 2001, 21(3):551-553. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.2001.03.069
Mu S C, Ma H Y.Trace element characteristics of cultured pearls and their indicating meaning for growth environment of pearls[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2001, 21(3):551-553. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.2001.03.069
[28] 兰延, 张珠福, 张天阳.荧光能谱技术鉴别淡水珍珠和海水珍珠的应用[J].宝石和宝石学杂志, 2010, 12(4):31-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2010.04.006
Lan Y, Zhang Z F, Zhang T Y.Identification of saltwater cultured pearls and freshwater cultutred pearls by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic technique[J].Journal of Gems & Gemmology, 2010, 12(4):31-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-214X.2010.04.006
[29] Zhang E, Huang F Q, Wang Z T, et al.Characteristics of trace elements in freshwater and seawater cultured pearls[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2014, 34(9):2544-2547. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=79194f0e64adad9eaf01e979bab66eac&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
-
下载:
图(5)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1895
- PDF下载数: 105
- 施引文献: 0