摘要:
传统观点认为,丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)与维管植物共生,且在植物生长的同时有助于将植物光合作用的产物转化为难降解有机物,其释放的球囊霉素还可以促使土壤团聚的形成,使土壤中的碳能够更好地封存,从而有利于土壤中碳的固定。特别是在未来CO2浓度升高的环境更加有利于AMF的生长,科学家推测它能在土壤固碳方面起到关键作用。但是,目前微生物的研究提出了与传统认识相悖的观点,由于激发效应的存在,在CO2浓度升高后,AMF很可能会帮助土壤中的腐食性生物获取到营养物质,并且会帮助植物摄取更多的NH4+,这使腐食性微生物的代谢活动更加积极。最后,这些腐食性微生物分解的碳超过其固定的碳,形成了碳的净亏损。综述了目前AMF与土壤固碳相关的研究进展,总结了AMF在土壤固碳过程中的作用,提出了今后需加强的研究内容。
Abstract:
AMF form symbioses with most Vascular plants, which may enhance plant growth, while converting the products of photosynthesis to refractory organic matter. The glomalin released after its hyphal death also helps bind soil particles to form soil aggregates, Thus soil aggregation may further contribute to long-term carbon storage by protecting soil organic matter from oxygen and microbial decomposers. Particularly in the future, under elevated CO2 concentration AMF have shown increases in growth. Scientists expect that AMF can play a significant role in soil carbon sequestration. However, The research results recently did not agree with the traditional view, because of the "priming effect", when CO2 concentration increased, AMF probably gives more chance for saprotrophs to acess the nutrient substance, and rapid removal of newly released NH4+, thus releases saprotrophs from metabolic repression, resulting in degradation of the added substrate and of additional organic matter in the soil. This paper reviews the current research progress of soil carbon-sequestration-related AMF, summarizes the role of AMF in carbon sequestration in soil, and puts forward many issues need to be further clarified.
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