Petroleum Geology and Exploration Potential of the Nile Delta Basin
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摘要:
尼罗河三角洲盆地经历了古特提斯汇聚到新特提斯裂开的被动陆缘、挤压应力为主的前陆盆地及以断裂活化作用为主的走滑盆地3个构造演化阶段。盆地发育北三角洲和南三角洲2个次盆单元，总体上贫油富气，且大多气藏位于深水区。研究区发育两套有利烃源岩：渐新统和中新统海相页岩和泥灰岩以及上白垩统黑色页岩, 有机质碳含量丰富，主要以Ⅲ型干酪根为主，主力储集层为中新统三角洲砂岩及上新统深水斜坡水道砂岩，圈闭以构造圈闭为主，油气主要沿着断层和不整合面向上部储层运移。尼罗河三角洲盆地生储盖匹配良好，是未来勘探开发的有利区块。
Abstract:The Nile river delta basin has experienced three stages of tectonic evolution, i.e. the stage of a Paleo-Thetys passive margin from convergence to rupture, the stage of a compressive foreland basin and the stage of an activated strike-slip basin. It may be divided to the north sub-basin and the south sub-basin. In general, most of the reservoirs are rich in gas and poor in oil, and located in deep water. There are two sets of favorable source rocks, the Oligocene to Miocene Marine shale and marl, and the Upper Cretaceous black shale. Both of the source rocks are rich in organic carbon and type III of kerogen. Reservoirs are mainly consisting of Miocene deltaic sandstone and Pliocene deep sea slope channel sandstone. Structural trap dominates the basin. Petroleum migrates mainly upwards along faults and unconformities. The delta basin has well matched source-reservoir-cap assemblages and great potential for oil and gas exploration.
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Key words:
- the Nile delta basin /
- tectonic evolution /
- marine facies /
- petroleum geology
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表 1 2010－2016年尼罗河三角洲盆地发现的主要气田
Table 1. The main gas fields found from 2010 to 2016 in the Nile delta Basin
国家 气田名称 发现时间 预测储量/Tcf 埃及 kafr AJ Shailkh 2010 2 埃及 West Sama-1 2012 (4~6)×10-3 埃及 Salamat 2013 1.2 埃及 Atoll-1 2015 5 埃及 Zohr 2015 30 埃及 Baltim SouthWest 2016 2.5~2.8 
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