IMPACTS OF MANGROVE ON THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF BOTTOM BOUNDARY LAYER
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摘要:
红树林是重要的滨海湿地木本生物群落，其生物地貌过程对防风护堤具有重要作用。为深入研究红树林近底部泥沙输运的机制，在福建漳江口红树林进行了现场观测。通过对比光滩和红树林处的水动力和泥沙动力过程发现，红树林对流速具有明显的阻滞作用和偏转效应，且光滩处沉降作用和再悬浮作用均较明显，红树林处沉降作用明显。结合输运方程计算结果发现，光滩上的沉积物通过潮沟向红树林输运，并为红树林截留沉降，表明红树林可以通过降低水动力以及植物吸附来影响悬沙运动，具有良好的促淤作用。
Abstract:As an important coastal wetland plant, mangrove and its biogeomorphologic process are crucial for coast protection. In order to study the sediment transport mechanism near the bottom of a mangrove, hydrodynamic observations were carried out in the Zhangjiang Estuary, Fujian Province; and the hydrodynamics and sediment transport between the bare flat and mangrove were studied.The results indicate that tidal current speed was obviously decreased and deflected by mangrove, and prominent sediment deposition and resuspension observed at the bare flat, and sediment deposition predominates the mangrove. It means that the mangrove has the capability to trap sediment from movement.Further more, the calculation of the transport equation also shows that the sediments on the bare flat were transported towards the mangrove through tidal creeks, and then intercepted by mangrove, implying that the mangrove exerts significant effect on siltation through reducing water movement and plant adsorption.
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Key words:
- mangrove /
- bottom boundary layer /
- suspended sediment /
- sediment transport /
- biomorphology
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图 1 观测站位(图片来源：http://www.google.cn/intl/zh-CN/earth/)
Figure 1.
表 1 站位信息
Table 1. Site information
站位 经度 纬度 观测内容 1 117°25′1.94′′E 23°55′18.52′′N ADV/OBS距底0.15 m 2 117°25′2.27′′E 23°55′18.87′′N ADV/OBS距底0.15 m 3 117°25′2.60′′E 23°55′18.70′′N ADV/OBS距底0.15 m 
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表 2 潮周期内各站位流速参数情况
Table 2. Parameters of flow velocity over a typical tidal cycle
站位 流速/(m/s) 流向/(°) 平均流速 U分量 V分量 涨潮流向 落潮流向 站位1 0.046 4 0.016 9 0.042 0 73 251 站位2 0.029 1 0.025 1 0.011 6 8 201 站位3 0.031 3 0.027 9 0.012 1 15 200
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