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摘要:
为了改善珠江口盆地PY4洼中深层地震成像，进行了双船拖缆宽方位地震采集试验，获得了满覆盖次数1 680次的地震数据。按照每15° 1个方位宽度，划分了24个方位数据体对地震资料进行处理，并对不同方位宽度和正交双方位数据分别进行了叠加，得到了不同方位角宽度和不同覆盖次数的成果数据。分析后认为：①随着方位角宽度和覆盖次数的增加，地震成像效果得到显著改善；②在相同覆盖次数前提下，优势成像方位成像效果更好；③正交双方位成像效果介于2个方位之间，没有优势成像方位成像效果好。所以提高中深层地震成像效果最有效的方式是在目标优势成像方位增加覆盖次数。
Abstract:In order to improve the middle and deep seismic imaging in the Panyu 4 Depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the wide azimuth seismic exploration test by twin-boat towline was carried out, and 1 680 folds of full coverage seismic data acquired. According to an azimuth width of 15 degrees, 24 azimuth volumes are created and processed, and the data of different azimuth widths and orthogonal dual azimuth data are superimposed respectively. The results of different azimuth widths and different folds are collected and analyzed. It is concluded that the seismic imaging effect is significantly improved with the increase in azimuth width and folds; under the same folds, the dominant imaging azimuth imaging effect is better; and the imaging effect of orthogonal dual azimuth is between the two directions, which has no advantage with the imaging effect of dominant imaging azimuth. Therefore, the most effective way to improve the effect of middle and deep seismic imaging is to increase the number of folds in target dominant imaging azimuth.
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Key words:
- seismic geometry /
- fold /
- wide-azimuth /
- orthogonal dual azimuth
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表 1 PY4洼老资料主要采集参数
Table 1. Main acquisition parameters of old data in PY4 Depression
采集年度/年 震源容量/in3 气枪压力/psi 震源深度/m 炮间距/m 缆数/条 缆长/m 缆距/m 缆深/m 道间距/m 记录长度/s 采样率/ms 1998 2 678 2 000 5 37.5 6 4 000 100 7 12.5 6 2 1998 2 678 2 000 5 37.5 8 3 000 100 7 12.5 6 2 2001 3 063 2 000 5 37.5 8 3 000 100 6 12.5 6 2 
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表 2 PY4洼宽方位试验主要采集参数
Table 2. Main acquisition parameters of wide azimuth test in PY4 Depression
震源容量/in3 气枪压力/psi 震源深度/m 炮间距/m 缆数/条 缆长/m 缆距/m 缆深/m 道间距/m 记录长度/s 最大纵距/m 最大非纵距/m 4 130 2 000 7 18.75 6 6 000 100 7 12.5 8 6 173 3 875
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