-
摘要:
位于巴西东岸的南大西洋被动大陆边缘盆地−桑托斯盆地是我国海外油气勘探的重要区块。通过地震资料分析，结合叠合盆地演化原理以及南大西洋演化历程，将桑托斯盆地的构造演化阶段划分为前裂谷期、裂谷期、过渡期、漂移期4个阶段，对应克拉通、裂谷、坳陷、被动大陆边缘4类原型盆地。原型盆地的时空匹配关系为桑托斯盆地形成超大型的含油气系统提供了极为理想的构造条件。结合前人的研究成果对盆地“生储盖”组合分析，得出桑托斯油气富集成藏的规律，即“厚盐区盐下富集；薄盐区盐上富集”。通过对盆地区域构造史以及所得的地震资料分析，认为在目前重视不足的盐下东部坳陷地区存在厚层优质的湖相烃源岩，烃类沿着基底大断裂以及不整合面运移，被过渡期蒸发盐岩所阻挡，形成以构造-地层复合圈闭和地层不整合遮挡圈闭为主的油气藏。
Abstract:The Santos Basin, a passive continental margin basin in the South Atlantic Ocean on the east coast of Brazil, is an important target for oil-gas exploration for the time being. Based on the interpretation of seismic data, combined with the evolutionary model of a superimposed basin for the South Atlantic Ocean, the tectonic evolution of the Santos Basin can be subdivided into four stages: pre rifting stage, rifting stage, transitional stage and drifting stage, corresponding to the four prototype basins of craton, rift, depression, and passive continental margin. The well-matched spatiotemporal relationship of the prototype basin provides ideal tectonic conditions for the generation of super large oil-gas systems in the Santos Basin. Based on the previous research results on the "source-reservoir-cap system", the oil-gas distribution patterns are clear, that is, "accumulated under salt in the area with thick salt; and above the salt in the area with thin salt ". The analysis of regional tectonic evolutionary history of the basin with seismic data has revealed that there are thick and high-quality lacustrine source rocks in the neglected eastern depression area under salt, oil and gas generated may migrate following the major basement faults and unconformities. Blocked by the evaporite rocks deposited in the transitional period, oil-gas accumulations are dominantly formed in the composite structural and stratigraphic traps and stratigraphic unconformity blocked traps.
-
Key words:
- Santos Basin /
- conjugate basin /
- hydrocarbon accumulation /
- eastern depression block
-
-
[1] 天工. 全球深水油气勘探的4个新领域[J]. 天然气工业,2016,36(7):39.
[2] 梁英波,张光亚,刘祚冬,等. 巴西坎普斯—桑托斯盆地油气差异富集规律[J]. 海洋地质前沿,2011,27(12):55-62.
[3] 邬长武. 巴西桑托斯盆地盐下层序油气地质特征与有利区预测[J]. 石油实验地质,2015,37(1):53-56. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201501053
[4] 康洪全,程涛,李明刚,等. 巴西桑托斯盆地油气成藏特征及主控因素分析[J]. 中国海上油气,2016,28(4):1-8.
[5] 陈凯,康洪泉,吴景富,等. 巴西桑托斯盆地大型油气田富集主控因素[J]. 地质科技情报,2016,35(3):151-158.
[6] 谢华锋,周生友,惠冠洲. 巴西圣埃斯皮里图盆地油气地质特征及勘探方向[J]. 石油实验地质,2016,38(6):821-827.
[7] ALINE M P B,MATEUS B,GUILHERME F C,et al. Pore typing using nuclear magnetic resonance,an example with samples from cretaceous pre-salt lacustrine carbonates in the Santos Basin,Brazil[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2020,190:107079. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107079
[8] 蒋春雷,王春修,崔旱云. 桑托斯盆地盐下成藏条件与成藏规律研究[J]. 石油天然气学报,2010,32(6):346-350.
[9] 刘静静,邬长武,丁峰. 南大西洋两岸含盐盆地类型与油气分布规律[J]. 石油实验地质,2018,40(3):372-380. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201803372
[10] 汪伟光,童晓光,张亚雄,等. 南大西洋重点被动大陆边缘盆地油气地质特征对比[J]. 中国石油勘探,2012,17(3):62-69. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2012.03.011
[11] 袁圣强,吴时国,马玉波,等. 南大西洋深水盆地的构造沉积演化及含油气系统[J]. 天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):216-221.
[12] 康洪全,贾怀存,程涛,等. 南大西洋两岸含盐盆地裂谷层序油气地质特征与油气分布特征对比[J]. 地质科技情报,2018,37(4):113-119.
[13] 汪新伟,邬长武,郭永强,等. 巴西桑托斯盆地卢拉油田成藏特征及对盐下勘探的启迪[J]. 中国石油勘探,2013,18(3):61-69.
[14] 张金伟,胡俊峰,杜笑梅,等. 巴西桑托斯盆地油气成藏模式及勘探方向[J]. 长江大学学报(自然科学版):石油/农学,2015,12(17):8-13.
[15] 李明刚. 桑托斯盆地盐下裂谷系构造特征及圈闭发育模式[J]. 断块油气田,2017,24(5):14-18.
[16] CHRISTOPHER J M,EUGENE R B. Postrift sequence stratigraphy,paleogeography,and fill history of the deep-water Santos Basin,offshore southeast Brazil[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(7):923-945. doi: 10.1306/01220403043
[17] 赵厚祥,谢东宁,杜宏宇. 桑托斯盆地西南陆架区盐上地层异常压力与油气运移成藏[J]. 海相油气地质,2019,24(4):38-46.
[18] 张金伟. 巴西桑托斯盆地盐下大型油气田成藏控制因素[J]. 特种油气藏,2015,33(3):22-26.
[19] 何娟,何登发,李顺利,等. 南大西洋被动大陆边缘盆地大油气田形成条件与分布规律:以巴西桑托斯盆地为例[J]. 中国石油勘探,2011,58(3):65-75.
[20] 陶崇智,殷进垠,陆红梅,等. 南大西洋被动陆缘盆地盐岩对油气成藏的影响[J]. 石油实验地质,2015,37(5):614-618. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201505614
[21] 郭建宇,郝洪文,李晓萍. 南美洲被动大陆边缘盆地的油气地质特征[J]. 现代地质,2009,23(5):916-922. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2009.05.022
[22] 马中振. 典型大西洋型深水盆地油气地质特征及勘探潜力:以巴西桑托斯盆地为例[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(3):247-254.
[23] 邬长武. 南大西洋含盐盆地油气富集规律及勘探潜力[J]. 新疆石油地质,2015,36(1):121-126.
[24] 杨永才,孙玉梅,李友川,等. 南大西洋被动陆缘共轭盆地烃源岩分布与油气富集规律:以巴西桑托斯盆地和西非纳米贝盆地为例[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(2):157-167.
[25] 马安来,黎玉战,张玺科,等. 桑托斯盆地盐下J油气田CO2成因、烷烃气地球化学特征及成藏模式[J]. 中国海上油气,2015,27(5):13-20.
[26] 康洪全,吕杰,程涛,等. 巴西桑托斯盆地盐下湖相碳酸盐岩储层特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2018,38(4):173-181.
[27] FARIAS F,SZATMARI P,BAHNIUK A,et al. Evaporitic carbonates in the pre-salt of Santos Basin:genesis and tectonic implications[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2019(105):251-272.
[28] THOMPSON D L,STILWELL J D,HALL M. Lacustrine carbonate reservoirs from Early Cretaceous rift lakes of Western Gondwana:pre-salt coquinas of Brazil and West Africa[J]. Gondwana Research,2015,28(1):26-51. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2014.12.005
[29] GOMES J P,BUNEVICH R B,TEDESCHI L R,et al. Facies classification and patterns of lacustrine carbonate deposition of the Barra Velha Formation,Santos Basin,Brazilian Pre-salt[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2020,113:104176. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104176
[30] 张金虎,金春爽,祁昭林,等. 巴西深水含油气盆地石油地质特征及勘探方向[J]. 海洋地质前沿,2016,32(6):23-31.
[31] MICHAEL R H,MARTIN P A J. Terra infirma:understanding salt tectonics[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2007,82(1/2):1-28.
[32] FRANK S,STEFAN B,PETER A K. Comparison of the rift and post-rift architecture of conjugated salt and salt-free basins offshore Brazil and Angola/Namibia,South Atlantic[J]. Tectonophysics,2016,716:204-224.
[33] ASLANIAN D,MOULIN M,OLIVET J L,et al. Brazilian and African passive margins of the Central Segment of the South Atlantic Ocean:Kinematic constraints[J]. Tectonophysics,2009,468(1/4):98-112.
[34] SASCHA B,CHRISTIAN H,MARTA P G,et al. Rift migration explains continental margin asymmetry and crustal hyper-extension[J]. Nature Communications,2014,5:4014. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5014
-
下载:
图(7)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3289
- PDF下载数: 74
- 施引文献: 0