Composition of minerals in surface sediments of the Yellow Sea and their provenance
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摘要:
以黄海66个表层沉积物为研究对象，通过粒度、黏土矿物和碎屑矿物分析，研究了黄海表层沉积物的粒度分布与矿物组成特征，探讨了研究区沉积物的矿物组成特征对其物源、沉积环境的指示意义。黄海表层沉积物平均粒径为5.2Φ，分选较差；黏土矿物组合类型为伊利石-高岭石-蒙脱石-绿泥石，其中伊利石的含量最高，蒙脱石的含量最低；碎屑矿物（粒径为0.063～0.125 mm）平均含量为8.07%，标准偏差为4.03，分布趋势与平均粒径分布基本一致，轻矿物以石英和长石为主；重矿物以角闪石和绿帘石为主，其次是不透明矿物和片状矿物，重矿物主要集中分布于黄海南部。物源识别结果表明：黄海的东北部海域接受鸭绿江沉积物的供应；黄海北部主要为黄河源沉积物；南黄海西部沉积物主要为黄海沿岸流南下带来的现代黄河物质和再悬浮的老黄河沉积物；南黄海中部沉积物来源复杂以黄河沉积物为主，长江沉积物的供应较少。
Abstract:Based on the grain size, clay mineral and detrital mineral data of 66 surface sediment samples collected from the Yellow Sea, this paper is devoted to the grain size distribution and mineral composition characteristics of the samples with a detailed discussion on sediment provenance. The results suggest that the average grain size of surface sediments in the Yellow Sea is around 5.2Φ, with poor sorting. Clay minerals are characterized by the assemblage of illite-kaolinite-smectite-chlorite. Illite dominates and smectite is the lowest. The distribution of detrital minerals shows a similar pattern as the mean grain size. The light minerals mainly consist of quartz and feldspar. Heavy minerals mainly occur in the southern part of the Yellow Sea, dominated by hornblende and epidote. Study of material sources suggest that the sediments in the northeastern Yellow Sea are mainly from the Yalu River, while the provenance of the northern part is the modern Yellow River. In the western South Yellow Sea, sediments are mainly from the modern Yellow River either transported by coastal currents, or resuspended from the abandoned Yellow River delta in the northern Jiangsu Province. In the central South Yellow Sea, sediments are mainly from the Yellow River, followed by some supplement of sediments from the Yangtze River.
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Key words:
- Yellow Sea /
- surface sediment /
- mineral composition /
- provenance analysis
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表 1 表层沉积物样品中黏土矿物含量统计表
Table 1. Percentage contents of clay minerals of the surface sediment
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表 2 研究区表层沉积物碎屑矿物含量
Table 2. Detrital mineral content in surface sediments of the Yellow Sea
矿物含量 平均值 最大值 最小值 标准偏差 变异系数/% 碎屑矿物/% 8.07 40.9 0.01 4.03 49.94 重矿物含量/% 5.84 29.6 0.63 5.92 101.37 闪石类/% 37.3 66.0 0.84 28.5 76.41 帘石类/% 16.8 27.6 0.28 13.7 81.55 不透明矿物/% 14.5 76.8 1.45 20.6 142.07 自生黄铁矿/% 4.21 42.5 0 7.31 173.63 片状重矿物/% 11.9 93.5 0 15.1 126.89 稳定矿物/% 6.34 27.0 0 4.98 78.55 辉石类/% 0.49 2.28 0 0.28 57.14 变质类/% 0.13 0.92 0 0.11 84.62 风化碎屑/% 2.40 7.06 0 1.93 80.42 ZTR含量/% 0.40 2.20 0 0.31 77.50 重矿物成熟度 11.3 42.4 0 10.8 95.58 石英/长石 1.38 2.40 0.74 0.31 22.46 钾长石/% 3.95 10.20 0.78 2.07 52.41 片状轻矿物/% 4.08 41.02 0.00 7.93 194.36
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