HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COLD SEEP DIFFERENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE QIONGDONGNAN BASIN AND THEIR DEEP CONTROLLING MECHANISMS
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摘要:
海底冷泉与天然气水合物资源、全球气候变化和极端环境生态系统等重大问题密切相关，具有重要的科学意义。冷泉系统形成演化影响因素众多，其时空分布、活动特征及相关物理、化学和生物作用差异较大。冷泉活动的浅表层响应与深部控制要素的耦合关系、冷泉差异发育的流体动力学过程与控制机理等科学问题有待深入研究。以琼东南盆地为主要研究对象，针对冷泉差异发育特征及其控制机理问题，以流体动力学研究为主线，深浅连通，将浅表层冷泉观测数据与深部地质环境、地层压力等要素相结合，精细刻画冷泉流体从物源层向浅表层运移的渗漏通道特征，建立冷泉浅表层响应与深部要素之间的耦合关系，揭示冷泉差异发育的流体动力学模式，探讨冷泉差异发育的控制机理，以期为冷泉环境水合物勘查与试采、深海物质和能量迁移转化及极端环境的生态系统研究提供理论依据。
Abstract:The submarine cold seeps are closely related to some important scientific issues, such as the occurrence of natural gas hydrate, global climate change, and extreme environmental ecosystems. There are many factors affecting the formation and evolution of cold seep systems. Their spatial and temporal distribution, activity characteristics, and related physical, chemical, and biological effects are very different from place to place. The coupling relationship between shallow surface cold seeps activities and their deep controlling factors, the hydrodynamic process and control mechanism of differential development of cold seeps need to be further studied. This paper tries to take the Qiongdongnan Basin as the research object and select some typical cold seep active stations as cases to solve the problem of cold seep differential activity process and their control mechanisms. Based on previous researches, taken the hydrodynamic research as the key, and combined the observation data of shallow cold seeps together with the deep geological environment and formation pressure, some numerical models are set up in this paper for the cold seep fluid flow and energy conversion process. The dynamics process of fluid migration from deep to shallow are portrayed. And analyzed are also the geological conditions and control factors for different cold seep systems. Afterward, the coupling relationship between the shallow surface responses of cold seeps to the deep elements is identified. Then a dynamic model of cold seep differential development is established. In the end, the control mechanisms of cold seep differentiation are discussed. This work may provide a theoretical basis for hydrate exploration and trial mining, study of deep-sea material and energy migration and transformation, and research of the extreme environmental ecosystem of cold seep.
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Key words:
- submarine cold seep /
- differential development /
- hydrodynamics /
- control mechanism /
- Qiongdongnan Basin
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