PLIOCENE SHELF MARGIN MIGRATION TRAJECTORIES IN THE QIONGDONGNAN BASIN AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DEEP WATER HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION
-
摘要:
基于琼东南盆地陆架边缘高精度二维地震资料，利用典型的上超、局部削截、下超及顶超和大型水道下切等地震接触关系，在上新统莺歌海组识别了6套三级层序（自下而上命名为YGH-SQ1、YGH-SQ2、YGH-SQ3、YGH-SQ4、YGH-SQ5和YGH-SQ6）。利用陆架边缘轨迹定量化表征方法，将琼东南盆地上新统莺歌海组邻近陆坡的陆架边缘轨迹划分为负角度下降型、低角度平缓上升型和高角度上升型。上新统莺歌海组6套三级层序发育时期东西两侧的陆架边缘轨迹的演化差异性明显。西部均以下降型或平缓型陆架边缘轨迹为特征；东部以上升型陆架边缘轨迹（YGH-SQ1、YGH-SQ3和YGH-SQ5）为主，在YGH-SQ2和YGH-SQ6时期发育平缓型陆架边缘轨迹，YGH-SQ4时期对应负角度下降型陆架边缘轨迹。侧向上西部陆架边缘进积距离远远大于东部，形成了“西宽东窄”的陆架坡折地貌。综合研究认为，研究区陆架边缘轨迹的垂向迁移由气候变化所引起的海平面升降以及物源供给增强共同控制；而陆架边缘轨迹侧向迁移则主要由构造活动与物源供给的差异性控制。研究区西部物源供给远大于东部且断裂带活动性小于东部，导致西部发育低角度—负角度平缓型陆架迁移轨迹，东部陆坡对应高角度上升型陆架迁移轨迹；负角度下降型和低角度缓慢上升型陆架边缘轨迹则对应陆坡区及深海平原区广泛发育的深水扇，是深水油气富集的有利勘探区。
Abstract:Based on the high-precision 2D seismic data from the shelf margin of the Qiongdongnan Basin, six sequences, namely YGH-SQ1, YGH-SQ2, YGH-SQ3, YGH-SQ4, YGH-SQ5, and YGH-SQ6 from the bottom up are identified for the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation according to the typical seismic contact relationships such as local truncation, onlap, toplap, downlap and incised valley. The quantitative characterization method is adopted to follow up the trajectories of shelf edge. The Pliocene trajectories of the shelf edge of the Yinggehai Period in the Qiodngdongnan Basin can be classified into three types: negative-angle descending, low-angle gently ascending and high-angle ascending, and the vertical evolution of the Pliocene shelf edge track can be divided into six stages, with the descending and gently ascending shelf edge trajectories dominated the west and the gently ascending and ascending shelf edge trajectories dominated the east. In lateral direction the progradation is much larger in the west than that in the east, and thus the shelf slope folds formed in a pattern of “wide in the west and narrow in the east”. Based on the quantitative statistical analysis and previous work, it is clear that the vertical migration of the shelf edge tracks in the study area is mainly controlled by sea level fluctuation caused by climate change and the increase in sediment supply; while the lateral migration of the shelf edge trajectories is mainly controlled by the difference in tectonic activity and sediment supply. The sediment supply in the western part of the study area is much larger than that in the eastern part as the activity of the fracture zone is weaker than that in the eastern part, which leads to the development of the western land slope in the study area. The western part of the study area is much more abundant in sediment supply than that of the eastern part and the fault zone is less active than the eastern part, resulting in the development of the western land slope and the eastern land slope. The land slope areas and deep water fans in the deep-sea plain area are favorable exploration areas for oil and gas, which correspond to the trajectories of the negative-angle descending and low-angle slowly rising shelf edges.
-
-
表 1 琼东南盆地上新统莺歌海组陆架边缘加积及进积距离统计
Table 1. Statistics of accretion and distance to the shelf edge of the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin
时期 加积距离A/m 进积距离P/m 最大值 最小值 平均值 最大值 最小值 平均值 YGH-SQ1 657.08 208.12 406.2 6 171.5 612.5 1 698.2 YGH-SQ2 72.66 −39.92 21.7 2 962.5 62.5 765.5 YGH-SQ3 107.92 −5.48 41.1 1712.5 25 756.3 YGH-SQ4 141.68 −82.36 7 2937.5 37.5 896.9 YGH-SQ5 101.56 −12.84 41.2 2950 37.5 914.6 YGH-SQ6 45.84 −53.08 5.5 2987.5 25 1239.6 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] HELLAND-HANSEN W,HAMPSON G J. Trajectory analysis:concepts and applications[J]. Basin Research,2010,21(5):454-483.
[2] HELLAND-HANSEN W,MARTINSEN O J. Shoreline trajectories and sequences; description of variable depositional-dip scenarios[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research,1996,66(4):670-688.
[3] HENRIKSEN S,HELLAND-HANSEN W,BULLIMORE S. Relationships between shelf-edge trajectories and sediment dispersal along depositional dip and strike:a different approach to sequence stratigraphy[J]. Basin Research,2011,23(1):3-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2010.00463.x
[4] CARVAJAL C,STEEL R,PETTER A. Sediment supply:the main driver of shelf-margin growth[J]. Earth Science Reviews,2009,96(4):221-248. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.06.008
[5] 周家伟,王英民,何敏,等. 基于轨迹分析和数值模拟的陆架边缘沉积研究:以珠江口盆地13.8Ma陆架边缘三角洲为例[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(3):603-614.
[6] 何云龙. 琼东南盆地陆坡区重力流沉积特征及其成因机制[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2012.
[7] 任金锋. 琼东南盆地陆架边缘斜坡地形的定量演化过程[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2016.
[8] 张鹏. 南海北部新近系陆架-陆坡演化及沉积体系研究[D]. 西安: 西安石油大学, 2020.
[9] 蔡佳. 琼东南盆地古近系古地貌恢复及其对层序样式和沉积特征的控制[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2009.
[10] CHUNFENG L,JIABIAO L,WEIWEI D,et al. Seismic stratigraphy of the central South China Sea basin and implications for neotectonics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2015,120(3):1377-1399. doi: 10.1002/2014JB011686
[11] 姚哲,王振峰,左倩媚,等. 琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水大气田形成关键要素与勘探前景[J]. 石油学报,2015,36(11):1358-1366. doi: 10.7623/syxb201511005
[12] XIE X N,MÜLLER D R,REN J Y,et al. Stratigraphic architecture and evolution of the continental slope system in offshore Hainan,northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology,2007,247(3):129-144.
[13] 何云龙,解习农,李俊良,等. 琼东南盆地陆坡体系发育特征及其控制因素[J]. 地质科技情报,2010,29(2):118-122. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2010.02.020
[14] LI S T,LIN C S,ZHANG Q M,et al. Episodic rifting of continental marginal basins and tectonic events since 10 Ma in the South China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44(1):10-23. doi: 10.1007/BF03182877
[15] 龚再升. 中国近海含油气盆地新构造运动与油气成藏[J]. 地球科学,2004,29(5):513-517.
[16] XIE X N,MÜLLER D R,LI S T,et al. Origin of anomalous subsidence along the Northern South China Sea margin and its relationship to dynamic topography[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2006,23(7):745-765. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2006.03.004
[17] PESTANA J M,BISCONTIN G,NADIM F,et al. Modeling cyclic behavior of lightly overconsolidated clays in simple shear[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(7):501-519. doi: 10.1016/S0267-7261(00)00032-4
[18] 何家雄,苏丕波,卢振权,等. 南海北部琼东南盆地天然气水合物气源及运聚成藏模式预测[J]. 天然气工业,2015,35(8):19-29. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2015.08.003
[19] 张伟,何家雄,卢振权,等. 琼东南盆地疑似泥底辟与天然气水合物成矿成藏关系初探[J]. 天然气地球科学,2015,26(11):2185-2197. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.11.2185
[20] 万志峰,夏斌,何家雄,等. 南海北部莺歌海盆地与琼东南盆地油气成藏条件比较研究[J]. 天然气地球科学,2007(5):648-652. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2007.05.004
[21] 陈慧,解习农,毛凯楠,等. 南海北部陆缘深水峡谷体系沉积特征及形成机制[J]. 地球科学,2020,45(9):3419-3419.
[22] 陈宏言,孙志鹏,翟世奎,等. 琼东南盆地井震地层对比分析及区域地层格架的建立[J]. 海洋学报,2015,37(5):1-14.
[23] 赵蒙维. 琼东南盆地新生代古海洋环境演变[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2013.
[24] 雷振宇,苏明,张莉,等. 南海北部陆坡琼东南盆地晚中新世以来沉积物来源及输送样式[J]. 海洋学研究,2016,34(2):35-42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2016.02.005
[25] VAIL P R. The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy and sedimentology an overview[J]. Cycles & Events in Stratigraphy,1991,123(1):38-41.
[26] PYLES D R,SYVITSKI J P M,SLATT R M. Defining the concept of stratigraphic grade and applying it to stratal (reservoir) architecture and evolution of the slope-to-basin profile:an outcrop perspective[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2010,28(3):675-697.
[27] 刘新宇,张道军,左倩媚,等. 南海北部西区琼东南盆地深水区生物地层研究进展:以LS33-1-1井为例[J]. 地层学杂志,2013,37(4):571-572.
[28] 邹振宇,刘豪,周小龙,等. 琼东南盆地新近纪以来的层序地层划分及地震相分析[J]. 内蒙古石油化工,2016,42(Z2):49-53.
[29] 张凤廉. 琼东南盆地长昌凹陷三亚组岩性体地震解释及成藏条件分析[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2018.
[30] 魏魁生,崔旱云,叶淑芬,等. 琼东南盆地高精度层序地层学研究[J]. 地球科学,2001,26(1):59-66.
[31] 万玲,姚伯初,吴能友,等. 南海西部海域新生代地质构造[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(2):45-52.
[32] 秦志亮. 南海北部陆坡块体搬运沉积体系的沉积过程、分布及成因研究[D]. 青岛: 中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所), 2012.
[33] 李亚敏,施小斌,徐辉龙,等. 琼东南盆地构造沉降的时空分布及裂后期异常沉降机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(1):47-57.
[34] 袁玉松,杨树春,胡圣标,等. 琼东南盆地构造沉降史及其主控因素[J]. 地球物理学报,2008,51(2):376-383. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2008.02.010
[35] 田姗姗. 琼东南盆地裂后期构造沉降分析及古地貌恢复[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2010.
[36] 张云帆,孙珍,郭兴伟,等. 琼东南盆地新生代沉降特征[J]. 热带海洋学报,2008,27(5):30-36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2008.05.006
-
图(10)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 788
- PDF下载数: 8
- 施引文献: 0