The elements phase associations of ferromanganese nodules in the seamounts of the South China Sea
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摘要:
铁锰结核中主微量元素的赋存形式研究对于理解铁锰结核的形成及其中元素的进入过程具有重要意义。选择采集自南海蛟龙海山水深约3 300 m的3个铁锰结核，根据其内部剖面上原位X荧光光谱分析(XRF)的主量元素含量差异分层进行了分层取样。对于分层样品开展了淋滤实验，分别提取样品中的碳酸盐相、锰矿物相、铁矿物相和残渣相组分，并将该4种组分以及原样中主微量元素加以分析比较。结果表明，蛟龙海山结核多数主要元素赋存方式基本上类似于大洋水成型结核结壳，但相对于大洋水成型结核结壳，Al、K、Mg、Li、Ti在碎屑相中赋存比例更高，呈现出边缘海水成型结核元素赋存方式的特点。圈层之间部分元素赋存形式略有变化，其中Mg、Cu、Ni、Zn从核心到边缘在锰矿物相中的赋存比例随着Mn/Fe比值的升高而增加，体现了不同生长阶段结核元素和矿物组成的变化。即Mn/Fe比值越高，说明锰氧化物/铁氧化物比值越高，而Mg、Cu、Ni、Zn主要赋存于锰氧化物中，所以Mg、Cu、Ni、Zn赋存于锰矿物相/铁矿物相的比例增加。此外，通过与前人关于南海蛟龙海山结核淋滤结果的对比发现，实验试剂与反应时间对于结核淋滤结果有较大影响。
Abstract:The study on the association phase of major and trace elements in ferromanganese nodules is of great significance for further understanding the formation and element enrichment process in ferromanganese nodules. In this paper we applied the in-situ X-ray fluorescence spectrum (XRF) and scanned the transects for 3 nodules collected from the Jiaolong seamount (3 300 meters in depth) in the South China Sea and divided the nodules’ transects into several layers for elements sequential-leaching experiment in order to determine the adsorption phases of main and trace elements. The carbonate phase, manganese mineral phase, iron mineral phase and residual phase components in the nodules were leached respectively, and the contents of major and trace elements before and after leaching in different layers were determined by ICP-OES(MS). The results show that the most of the host phases of elements in nodules are similar to that of hydrogenetic nodules in open oceans, with Al, K, Mg, Li, Ti more enriched in residual phase, showing the unique phase pattern of marginal sea hydrogenetic nodules. From the core to the rim of the nodules, the proportion of Mg, Cu, Ni and Zn in manganese mineral phase increases with the increase of Mn/Fe ratio, which may reflect the changes in chemical and mineral composition. In addition, compared with the previous publications, we found that the experimental reagent and reaction time had a great influence on the leaching result.
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Key words:
- ferromanganese nodule /
- South China Sea /
- leaching experiment /
- Jiaolong seamount
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表 1 元素分层淋滤比例标准差
Table 1. Standard deviations of elements distributions in the leaches
元素 R2053-N8-2-2 R2053-N8-3 R2053-N9-11 L1 L2 L3 L4 L1 L2 L3 L4 L1 L2 L3 L4 Al 0.08 0.87 2.72 3.50 0.10 0.48 5.00 5.42 0.11 1.44 2.70 3.74 Ca 6.22 3.59 0.24 4.40 5.38 2.22 0.10 6.57 5.75 1.96 0.43 6.47 Fe 0.02 2.09 4.59 5.49 0.01 1.92 2.36 2.43 0.03 3.59 5.25 7.23 K 3.36 1.72 1.02 4.61 6.06 4.23 1.41 6.27 1.07 3.69 0.64 3.26 Mg 1.34 5.37 1.69 3.79 8.02 9.25 1.45 5.77 3.34 4.75 0.84 3.84 Mn 0.01 0.83 0.79 0.03 0.01 1.41 1.35 0.07 0.04 1.18 1.11 0.11 P 0.34 0.24 2.68 2.53 0.00 0.00 3.32 3.32 1.41 0.00 7.07 6.29 Ti 0.02 0.15 3.36 3.50 0.01 0.10 1.71 1.63 0.05 0.16 7.25 7.15 Co 0.02 1.12 1.12 0.02 0.01 0.86 0.89 0.06 0.03 0.39 0.41 0.05 Ni 0.28 3.96 3.57 0.24 0.46 6.59 5.72 0.42 0.17 1.98 1.64 0.23 Cu 0.53 6.14 3.79 4.82 1.26 7.19 4.21 2.25 0.64 7.31 3.05 6.05 Zn 0.78 10.09 7.32 4.08 0.68 8.03 5.86 2.52 1.51 7.95 3.69 4.90 Sr 4.68 4.37 0.35 1.35 3.46 0.90 0.11 2.76 3.03 5.02 0.51 3.56 Mo 0.20 0.98 1.05 0.21 0.15 0.90 2.37 2.97 0.11 1.65 1.55 2.01 Li 12.26 4.41 1.75 14.75 9.78 3.23 1.19 11.47 10.75 3.67 0.47 8.52 Pb 0.04 3.36 2.74 1.52 0.02 3.21 1.16 3.32 0.05 6.12 4.53 3.57 Th 0.08 0.21 1.09 1.18 0.05 0.16 1.11 1.31 0.10 0.17 1.81 1.83 注：加粗数字表示元素在某相中不同层位赋存比例标准差大于元素回收率标准差。回收率为元素在4个相中含量之和除以未淋滤样品中测得
含量。
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