Sedimentary architecture of the Central Canyon in L area of Qiongdongnan Basin and their evolution and controlling factors
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摘要:
深水峡谷沉积构型及其演化是深水沉积研究的热点。基于琼东南盆地L区300 km2高分辨率三维地震资料，综合区域地质资料，利用地震相分析、地震属性技术，对黄流组中央峡谷沉积构型三维表征进行了分析。研究结果表明：研究区中央峡谷内部发育块体搬运沉积、重力流水道沉积、堤岸沉积、底部滞留沉积、朵体沉积、深海泥质披覆沉积6类沉积单元；根据侵蚀作用和沉积作用的相对强弱，可以将研究区重力流水道分为侵蚀型水道、加积型水道2种类型；根据限制性的强弱，可以识别出强限制水道、弱限制水道、非限制水道3种类型；研究区峡谷可以划分为3期复合水道系列，整个峡谷可以看作由3期复合水道系列组成的复合水道体系，由于晚期水道侵蚀早期水道的部位不同，研究区水道之间形成了垂向叠置、侧向叠置和复合叠置3种叠置样式。
Abstract:The sedimentary architecture and evolution of submarine canyons have received considerable attention in the deep water research. Based on the high-resolution 3D seismic data around 300 km2 from the L area of Qiongdongnan Basin and the regional geological data, using seismic facies analysis and seismic attribute technology as means, this paper analyzes the 3D characteristics of the sedimentary architecture of the central canyon during Huangliu Period. We reach the followings as conclusions: There are six kinds of sedimentary units in the Central Canyon, namely, mass transport deposits, gravity flow channel deposits, levee deposits, basal lag deposits, lobe deposits, hemipelagic drapes deposits; According to the relative strength of erosion and sedimentation, the gravity flow channel in the study area can be classified into erosional and accretional channels, and according to the restrictive strength, they can be classified into strongly restricted channels, weakly restricted channels and non-restricted channels; The whole canyon can be regarded as a channel complex system consisting of three-phase channel complex sets. Due to the later erosion of the early formed channel deposits by the late channels, there are three overlapping styles in the study area: the vertical overlapping, the lateral overlapping and the composite overlapping.
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Key words:
- submarine canyon /
- gravity flow channel /
- sedimentary architecture /
- Qiongdongnan Basin
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表 1 研究区水道类型
Table 1. The types of channels in the study area
水道类型 地震特征 水道形态 特征描述 强限制水道 强限制垂向加积水道 
平行板状强振幅、高连续性、平行反射的地震特征 强限制峡谷多期迁移水道 
U型中强振幅、中差连续性的地震特征，水道侵蚀性较弱，侵蚀加积作用并存，具有明显的叠置迁移现象 强限制峡谷单期沉积水道 
V型中强振幅、中低连续性的地震特征，底部杂乱反射，侵蚀作用很强，呈深V型 弱限制水道 弱限制峡谷多期迁移水道 
宽缓U型中强振幅、中差连续性的地震特征，后期水道叠置于前期水道侧面，以垂向叠置为主 弱限制峡谷单期沉积水道 
宽缓U型中强振幅、中低连续性的地震特征，内部杂乱反射，侵蚀作用较强 非限制水道 非限制迁移水道 
宽缓U型中强振幅、连续性差的地震特征，侵蚀作用较弱，水道出现侧向叠置迁移特征 非限制孤立水道 
孤立波形中弱振幅，连续性差的地震特征，表现为加积现象 
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