Formation and origination of dominant reservoir in metamorphic buried hills in the southwestern Bohai Sea
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摘要:
渤海西南部海域新太古界变质岩潜山为油气勘探开发的主要目标层，明确其优质储层发育规律及成因机理可为后续勘探开发提供重要的理论依据。利用钻井、测井、岩芯及薄片等资料，结合区域构造应力场研究及野外地质露头观察，开展了该套变质岩潜山风化带优质储层发育规律及其成因机理研究。结果表明：平面上，古褶皱核部、走滑区、古地貌高部位及断层附近优质储层更加发育，其形成受构造与风化淋滤作用的共同控制；纵向上，风化带下部裂缝开度更大，渗透率更高，风化带上部孔隙度更高，其形成主要受风化淋滤与压实作用的共同控制。优质裂缝发育方向为近EW向（方位范围45°～135°），其形成主要受喜山期“再活化”的控制。优质储层发育模式可总结为“鱼背”模式，其形成经历了印支期和燕山期的挤压成缝、风化淋滤对裂缝的充填、喜山期的拉张“再活化”及沉积埋藏过程的再压实。
Abstract:The Neoarchean metamorphic buried hill is the most important oil-gas exploration target layer in the southwestern Bohai Sea, North China. Understanding the formation and origination of the metamorphic reservoir will provide important guidance for future exploration in this region. The drilling, logging, coring, and thin section observation, as well as the regional tectonic stress field and geological outcrop were analyzed, the developmental laws of the dominant reservoir in weathering zone of the metamorphic buried hills were studied, and the origination were discussed. Results show that dominant reservoirs are better developed, in horizontal direction, in ancient fold zone, strike-slip zone, paleo-highland zone, and nearby-fault zone, and the formation of dominant reservoirs was controlled by tectonic activities and weathering agents; whereas in vertical direction, the lower weathering zone has a bigger fracture opening and higher permeability, while the upper weathering zone has greater porosities, and the formation of dominant reservoirs was controlled by weathering eluviation and compaction. The dominant direction of fractures is near east-west in range of 45°-135°, which is controlled by the “reactivation” during the Himalayan orogenesis. The model of the formation of the dominant reservoir could be described as in a “fish back” pattern, which has been evolved from compressional fracturing and weather eluviation filling during the Indosinian and Yanshanian orogeneses, to the extensional “reactivation” and sedimentary re-compaction during the Himalayan orogenesis.
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