Application of seismic waveform indicator inversion for low-permeability reservoirs prediction in Zhujiang Formation of the EA Oilfield
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摘要:
低渗储层预测是油气勘探开发的难点。阳江凹陷EA油田珠江组油层是典型的低渗储层，这类储层普遍具有砂体横向变化快、连续性差、单砂体规模较小、低孔低渗的特征，传统的地震反演方法对于这类储层的反演精度较低。为了获得高精度反演结果，采用地震波形指示反演方法，以地震波形的横向变化代替变差函数，通过井震结合进行高分辨率储层预测。首先，在确定使用渗透率曲线作为敏感曲线的基础上，通过覆压校正和拟合得到样品的覆压孔隙度和覆压渗透率；然后，根据岩性、填充物的不同建立3个渗透率模型，求得渗透率曲线；最后，利用渗透率曲线进行波形指示反演得到反演结果，计算各主力层砂体厚度。研究结果和盲井检验表明，地震波形指示反演提高了储层横向、纵向的预测精度，能够成功预测砂体边界、砂体厚度，预测结果可为油气勘探的进一步开发提供依据。
Abstract:The prediction of low-permeability reservoir is always a tough issue in exploration and development. The Zhujiang Formation of the EA Oilfield in the Yangjiang Depression is a typical low-permeability reservoir. The reservoir is generally characteristic of rapid lateral change and poor continuity of sand body. The single sand body features low porosity and low permeability. The accuracy of traditional seismic inversion for this type of reservoir is low. To obtain high-precision inversion results, the method of seismic waveform indicator inversion was adopted, and the lateral change of seismic waveform instead of the variation function was used. First, on the basis of using the permeability curve as a sensitive curve, the overmolding porosity and overmolding permeability of the sample were obtained by overmolding correction and fitting. Secondly, according to the difference of lithology and filler, three permeability models were established to obtain permeability curves. Finally, the permeability curve was used to invert the waveform indicator to obtain the inversion result and sand body thickness. Results show that the seismic waveform indicator inversion could improve the lateral and vertical prediction accuracy of the reservoir, and it could be successfully predict the sand body boundary and sand body thickness. The forecast results provided a guidance for additional oil and gas exploration and development.
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表 1 预测厚度与实际厚度对比
Table 1. Comparison between predicted thickness andreal thickness
m 砂层 EA-1井 EA-2井 实际厚度 预测厚度 预测误差 实际厚度 预测厚度 预测误差 ZJ11 24.7 21.9 −2.8 18.7 18.5 −0.2 ZJ12 7.0 8.0 1.0 7.0 7.8 0.8 ZJ14 9.0 8.3 −0.7 12.1 9.9 −2.2 ZJ17 12.0 13.7 1.7 12.5 14.4 1.9 ZJ21 11.3 10.4 −0.9 8.1 10.1 2.0 ZJ25 6.1 3.5 −2.6 6.5 4.7 −1.8 ZJ27 6.3 8.2 1.9 7.0 8.1 1.1 ZJ31 3.2 2.6 −0.6 3.5 4.4 −0.9 ZJ33 7.2 6.0 −1.2 7.3 2.0 −0.3 
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