Effects of Xinglong Hydro-Junction on nitrogen distribution in the Hanjiang River riparian zone
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摘要:
河岸带作为地表水和地下水的连接枢纽，主要通过反硝化等作用控制着二者之间的氮循环。水利工程会显著改变河流区域水文环境，进而影响河岸带氮素的分布和循环，探明水利工程对河岸带氮循环的影响机制对了解区域氮素的控制及利用具有重要意义。以兴隆水利枢纽为对象，在枢纽上、下游沉积物样品进行了总氮、“三氮”（铵态氮、亚硝态氮、硝态氮）及相关土壤理化性质的分析。结果表明：（1）水利枢纽上游河岸带沉积物氮素含量显著高于下游，上游A剖面总氮、“三氮”平均含量是下游B、C剖面的1.12～3.27倍；（2）水平方向上，3个剖面的河岸带的总氮、“三氮”含量变化具有相似性，即同一剖面上总氮含量在堤内较高，且“三氮”含量均会在堤内靠近堤防的采样点发生突变（剧增或锐减）；（3）垂向上总氮、“三氮”分布规律相似，即0～60 cm氮素含量迅速减少，60 cm以下呈不规则变化，总体上氮素含量呈自上而下减少的趋势。兴隆大坝主要影响其上游，通过蓄水抬升了上游河岸带地下水位，沉积物长期处于被淹没状态导致其脱氮能力下降。此外，同一剖面由于堤防导致的微地貌差异，堤内的地下水埋深较堤外的浅，堤内沉积物脱氮能力弱于堤外。
Abstract:A riparian zone, as the junction of surface water and groundwater, mainly controls the nitrogen cycle between surface water and groundwater through denitrification and other actions. Water conservancy projects will significantly change the hydrological environment of river regions, and affect the distribution and circulation of nitrogen in riparian zones. Exploring the influence mechanism of water conservancy projects on the riparian nitrogen cycle is of great practical significance for understanding the control and utilization of regional nitrogen. In this paper, the Xinglong Hydro-Junction is taken as the object, and three riparian zone sampling sections are set up in the upper and lower reaches of the project, with five sampling points in each section. TN, "tri-nitrogen" (refers to
${\rm{NH}}_4^+ $ ${\rm{NO}}_2^- $ ${\rm{NO}}_3^- $ -
Key words:
- riparian zone /
- water conservancy project /
- groundwater level /
- nitrogen /
- Hanjiang River /
- sediment
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图 4 河岸带沉积物
${\rm{NH} }_4^+ $ -N、${\rm{NO}}_2^- $ -N、${\rm{NO}}_3^- $ -N含量在水平和垂直方向上的变化Figure 4.
表 1 河岸带沉积物TN、
${\rm{NH}}_4^+ $ -N、${\rm{NO}}_2^- $ -N、${\rm{NO}}_3^- $ -N含量及其统计学特征Table 1. TN,
${\rm{NH}}_4^+ $ -N,${\rm{NO}}_2^- $ -N, N${\rm{NO}}_3^- $ -N contents and their statistical characteristics in riparian zone sedimentsA剖面 B剖面 C剖面 综合 变化范围/（mg·kg−1） 29.80～806.0 23.30～960.0 12.40～1010 12.40～1010 TN W（平均值±标准差）/（mg·kg−1） 282.0±168.0 251.0±189.0 199.0±202.0 242.0±190.0 变异系数/% 59.80 75.50 101.0 78.60 变化范围/（mg·kg−1） 0.1040 ～5.230 0.005000～2.570 0.03100～0.4930 0.005000～5.230 
-N
W（平均值±标准差）/（mg·kg−1） 0.5590±0.8870 0.3600±0.4590 0.1710±0.1070 0.3520±0.5690 变异系数/% 157.0 128.0 62.30 162.0 变化范围 /（mg/kg） 0.01200～1.060 0～0.4820 0.01400～0.4760 0～1.060 
-N
W（平均值±标准差/（mg·kg−1） 0.1170±0.2170 0.04800±0.09500 0.05300±0.08400 0.07000±0.1420 变异系数/% 186.0 199.0 157.0 203.0 变化范围/（mg·kg−1） 0～54.4 0～29.6 0.184～25.3 0～54.4 
-N
W（平均值±标准差）/（mg·kg−1） 5.020±9.300 3.430±5.320 3.970±5.380 4.090±6.730 变异系数/% 185.0 155.0 135.0 165.0 
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表 2 河岸带氮素含量与土壤理化性质相关性分析
Table 2. Correlation analysis of nitrogen content and soil physical and chemical properties in riparian zone
ON TOC pH Eh 黏粒含量 粉粒含量 砂粒含量 土壤含水量 TN 0.999** 0.949** −0.500** −0.163 0.363** 0.298** −0.347** −0.0360 
-N
0.385** 0.327** −0.266** −0.227** 0.0100 0.206* −0.195* 0.0770 
-N
0.574** 0.576** 0.289** −0.0300 0.0350 0.248** −0.240** −0.240** 
-N
0.425** 0.370** −0.225 −0.101 0.0120 0.0470 −0.0420 −0.227** 注：**表示在0.01水平显著相关；*表示在0.05水平显著相关。
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