Hydrochemical origins and weathering-controlled CO2 consumption rates in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
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摘要:
长江流域面积巨大，岩性多变，加之三峡大坝等重大水利工程的影响，干流河水的水化学成因存在较大争议。此外，以往研究中流域矿物风化过程的碳汇通量估算一般基于阳离子来源分析，但该算法通常涉及多种矿物端元的参数选取，结果具有不确定性。本次研究对长江干流水化学的时空演变进行了整体分析，并基于上游河水样品
$\rm{HCO}_3^{-}$ $\rm{NO}_3^{-}$ Abstract:Because river water in the Yangtze River watershed with a huge area is influenced by variable lithologies and large-scale water projects such as the Three Gorges Dam, the hydrochemical origins of the main stream are still controversial. Furthermore, previous estimations on the carbon sink in the watershed caused by mineral weathering are mostly based on the mass-balance calculations of cations, but this method generally involves the selection of parameters of various mineral end-members, which causes the uncertainty of results. In this study, the temporal and spatial evolutions of hydrochemistry of the main stream are determined, and a new method for the determination of CO2 consumption rates during mineral weathering processes are proposed based on the mass-balance calculations of
$\rm{HCO}_3^{-} $ $\rm{NO}_3^{-} $ -
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图 7
$\bf{HCO}_3^{-}/\bf{Na}^{+}$ 比值(a)及$\bf{Mg}^{2+}/\bf{Na}^{+}$ 比值(b)与$\bf{Ca}^{2+}/\bf{Na}^{+}$ 比值关系图Figure 7.
图 10 长江上游河水
${[}\bf{Ca}^{2+}{]}^{*}+{[}\bf{Mg}^{2+}{]}^{*}-{[}\bf{SO}_4^{2-}{]}^{*}$ 与$[\bf{HCO}_3^{-}]^*$ 关系图Figure 10.
表 1 长江中游与下游河水水化学参数的统计特征值
Table 1. Statistics of hydrochemical parameters of the river water in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
/(mg·L−1) 
中游 (2007年前) 变化范围 4.46～13.28 30.42～73.40 4.60～16.30 12.30～66.24 85.40～210.50 4.30～17.70 2.54～9.26 平均值 8.84 45.97 10.32 33.51 144.19 10.56 5.27 中游 (2013年后) 变化范围 5.60～9.10 29.30～44.28 10.10～17.60 13.49～43.10 78.97～133.60 4.51～17.30 4.19～47.23 平均值 7.14 36.34 13.36 33.02 113.32 12.45 9.01 下游 (2007年前) 变化范围 2.11～11.08 10.52～53.54 5.00～25.64 10.02～51.40 24.40～165.60 4.20～32.10 0.05～10.60 平均值 7.66 40.19 10.48 30.10 120.94 11.50 6.16 下游 (2013年后) 变化范围 2.72～7.40 18.23～39.70 6.72～35.40 6.79～63.81 46.17～137.50 3.05～34.90 1.88～12.97 平均值 6.33 33.52 14.02 35.68 98.60 15.20 6.91 
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表 2 旋转后的成分矩阵表
Table 2. Eigenvalue matrix after rotation
变量 成分 因子1 因子2 因子3 因子4 
0.94 0.11 −0.21 −0.11 
0.92 −0.03 0.12 0.18 
0.83 0.32 −0.10 0.12 
0.14 0.96 −0.10 0.18 
0.13 0.96 −0.04 0.19 
−0.09 −0.09 0.99 0.06 
0.10 0.30 0.07 0.94
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表 3 长江上游主要支流离子含量
Table 3. Contents of elements carried by tributaries to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River
/(mg·L−1) 支流 Na++K+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl− 
雅砻江 9.62 26.11 8.84 3.20 6.83 103.00 岷江 7.42 32.97 8.45 5.17 20.89 102.86 嘉陵江 9.53 38.48 9.49 6.95 37.62 128.23 乌江 6.91 41.00 9.59 4.03 37.92 127.60
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