An improved soil abrasion testing method for shield tunnelling based on LCPC
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摘要:
法国桥梁道路实验室磨蚀性（Labroatoire Central de Ponts et Chaussées，LCPC）试验是测试土体磨蚀性的一种常用方法，但现有LCPC试验在评估盾构隧道土体磨蚀性时存在土体颗粒有效破碎率高、测试过程中颗粒级配变化较大等问题。鉴于此，采用圆形测试钢片替代原有矩形测试钢片，并进行对比试验。结果表明：改进后的圆形测试钢片比原有矩形测试钢片导致的土样颗粒有效破碎率大幅降低，提高了土样在LCPC试验过程中颗粒级配的稳定性；改进后的圆形测试钢片在测试过程中的磨损以磨粒磨损为主，有效剔除了冲击磨损，更符合盾构隧道工程特点；在以磨粒磨损为主时，2种测试条件下的磨损指数（LCPC abrasivity coefficient，LAC）值换算关系为LAC矩=0.93LAC圆，其中LAC矩为矩形钢片测试条件下的LAC值，LAC圆为圆形钢片测试条件下的LAC值；改进后的试验方法准确评估了北京地铁19号线右安门外站—牛街站区间和大兴国际机场线3#风井—草桥站区间的圆砾卵石地层的磨蚀性。本研究对于提高LCPC试验方法评价盾构隧道土体磨蚀性的准确性提供了重要途径。
Abstract:The Labroatoire Central de Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC) test is a commonly used method to test the abrasivity of soil, however, the existing LCPC tests have some shortcomings in evaluating the abrasivity of shield tunnel soil, such as the high effective breakage rate of soil particles and large changes in particle size distribution during testing. In view of this, a circular steel sheet is used to replace the original rectangular steel sheet, and a comparative test is carried out. The test results show that the improved circular steel sheet significantly reduces the effective breakage rate of soil samples compared with the rectangular steel sheet, and improves the stability of particle size distribution in the LCPC test. The wear of the circle steel sheet in the test process is mainly abrasive wear, which effectively eliminates the impact wear and is more in line with the characteristics of shield tunnel engineering. The analysis shows that the conversion relationship between the two LCPC abrasivity coefficients is LAC矩=0.93LAC圆 when abrasive wear is the main wear. The improved testing method accurately evaluates the abrasivity of the pebble layer crossed by the shield tunnel sections Youanmen-Niujie of Beijing Subway Line 19 and 3# Fengjing-Caoqiao of the Beijing Daxing International Airport Line. This study improves the accuracy of the LCPC test method in evaluating the soil abrasion of shield tunnel.
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Key words:
- LCPC abrasivity test /
- shield tunnel /
- soil abrasivity /
- particle breakage /
- cutting tool wear
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表 1 LAC值与磨蚀性强度判断标准[15 − 17,29,30]
Table 1. LAC value and standard for judging abrasive[15 − 17,29,30]
LAC值 磨蚀性强度 >2000 超高的磨蚀性 1250～2000 高磨蚀性 500～1250 较高的磨蚀性 250～500 一般的磨蚀性 50～250 微小的磨蚀性 0～50 没有磨蚀性 
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表 2 LCPC试验过程中土体颗粒级配变化及LAC值
Table 2. Change of soil particle size and LAC value during LCPC test
测试时间
/minLAC值
/（g·t−1）土样
质量/g不同粒径土颗粒质量/g <0.075 mm 0.075～
<0.25 mm0.25～
<0.5 mm0.5～
<1 mm1～
<2 mm2～
<4 mm4～
<5 mm5～
<6.5 mm6.5～
<8 mm8～
10 mm0 0 500 12 17 34 65 47 29 14 25 31 226 0.5 111.97 499 33 32 40 55 43 31 24 41 69 131 1 193.60 499 47 37 49 51 46 34 30 49 70 86 2 336.29 498 61 42 52 58 42 43 31 39 56 74 3 453.87 497 69 43 61 64 50 40 35 35 45 55 5 633.93 496 77 45 72 74 39 47 31 24 42 45
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表 3 测试钢片形状及质量参数
Table 3. Test steel sheet shape and quality parameters
种类 尺寸/mm 表面积/mm2 体积/mm3 质量/g 矩形钢片 长50，宽25，厚5 3183.7 12168.3 47.0±0.3 圆形钢片 直径50，厚5 4643.7 19293.3 73.7±0.3
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表 4 试验方案及结果
Table 4. Test scheme and results
组别 不同粒径土颗粒质量/g LAC值/（g·t−1） 有效破碎率/% <0.075 mm 0.075～
<0.25 mm0.25～
<0.5 mm0.5～
<1 mm1～
<2 mm2～
<4 mm4～
<5 mm5～
<6.5 mm6.5～
<8 mm8～
10 mmLAC矩 LAC圆 k 矩形 圆形 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 841.71 322.89 2.61 39.7 3.3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 665.37 201.11 3.31 35.7 2.9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 555.33 127.53 4.36 29.6 5.2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 343.10 119.40 2.87 28.3 4.9 5 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 201.53 59.30 3.40 24.4 4.2 6 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 97.53 56.47 1.73 12.9 2.4 7 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 47.79 52.53 0.91 7.2 0.6 8 20 20 60 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 45.61 50.46 0.90 3.4 0.1 9 25 25 100 350 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.22 39.70 0.96 2.8 0.1 10 30 50 120 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 35.84 38.13 0.94 1.4 0.1 11 12 17 34 65 47 29 14 25 31 226 633.93 154.47 4.10 32.8 3.0 注：LAC矩为矩形钢片测试条件下的LAC值；LAC圆为圆形钢片测试条件下的LAC值；k为LAC矩与LAC圆的比值。
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