Analysis on deformation characteristics of geological hazards in Ranwu Lake Estuary
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摘要:
青藏高原持续隆升使得其周缘地带地质灾害频发，复杂的地质背景，造就了帕隆藏布流域链式灾害发育、堵江致灾风险高的特点。近年来，地处帕隆藏布流域的然乌湖口地质灾害变形强烈，本文通过光学遥感与InSAR监测技术，对然乌湖口82道班沟内进行风险物源识别，解译出研究区共存在高位冰崩、崩塌、冰碛物、崩滑体4种风险物源类型，针对各风险物源的遥感解译数据进行特征分析，综合然乌湖流域内的地质背景，阐述风险物源的致灾因素及成灾模式。结合InSAR监测结果，将然乌湖口右岸斜坡体及上部解译风险物源区划分为82道班、迫隆与哑隆三个高风险区，并依据变形监测结果进行形变特征分析。
Abstract:The continuous uplift of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has led to frequent geological disasters in its surrounding areas. The complex geological background has created the characteristics of chain disaster development and high risk of river blocking in the Palongzangbu basin. In recent years, Ranwu Lake estuary, located in the Palongzangbu basin, has experienced severe geological deformation. In this paper, the risk material sources identification in 82 road class at Ranwu Lake are carried out by optical remote sensing and InSAR monitoring technology. It can be found that there are four risk source types in the study area: high-level ice debris, collapse, moraine and avalanche. Characteristics analysis and disaster risk assessment are carried out for each risk source, and based on the geological background of Ranwu Lake, this paper expounds the disaster causing factors and modes of risk material sources. Combined with the InSAR monitoring results. The slope body and its upper interpretation risk material sources areas on the right bank of Ranwu Lake estuary are divided into three high risk areas: 82 road class, Polong and Yalong, and the deformation characteristics are analyzed.
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表 1 82道班流域分区基本信息
Table 1. Basic information of 82 road class
分区名称 面积/km2 主沟长/m 平均纵比降/‰ 形成区 9.13 4 507 217.50 流通区 0.49 1 684 377.62 堆积区 0.036 527 64.61 
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表 2 帕隆藏布卫星数据信息
Table 2. Data information of Palongzangbu satellite
光学卫星数据源 覆盖率/% 数据时间 云覆盖 雪覆盖 Landsat-8 100 2017-11-20—2020-11-20 <1% <5% 资源一号 30.03 2020-01-14—2020-11-10 <1% <5% 资源三号 94.30 2016-11-10—2020-11-12 <1% <5% 高分一号 100 2014-11-29—2020-11-14 <1% <5% 高分二号 53.47 2015-09-30—2020-11-15 <1% <5% 高分六号 90.51 2019-03-29—2020-11-20 <1% <5% 高分七号 17.31 2020-04-13—2020-11-11 <1% <5% TH01 17.96 2019-01-02—2019-01-11 <1% <5% 珠海一号 77.99 2018-12-09—2020-03-31 <1% <5%
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表 3 然乌湖口地质灾害光学遥感数据
Table 3. Optical remote sensing data of geological hazards in Ranwu Lake Estuary
序号 时间 数据来源 分辨率/m 备注 1 早期 雅虎影像 2.0 融合数据 2 近期 Google地球 1.0 融合数据 3 2020-10-29 无人机影像 0.15 泥石流中下段
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表 4 然乌湖口高位冰崩物源统计表
Table 4. Statistics of high-level ice debris sources in Ranwu Lake Estuary
编号 面积/m2 前缘
高程/m后缘
高程/m前后缘
高差/m距沟口
高差/mBC01 117 185.75 4 929 5 296 367 1 369 BC02 64 032.728 5 046 5 165 119 1 238 BC03 46 066.955 4 995 5 094 99 1 167 BC04 36 014.778 5 159 5 281 122 1 354 BC05 27 004.282 5 035 5 251 216 1 324 BC06 55 548.666 5 170 5 235 65 1 308
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表 5 然乌湖口高位崩塌、冰碛物统计表
Table 5. Statistics of high level collapses and moraines in Ranwu Lake Estuary
编号 物源类型与分布 面积/m2 B01 崩塌堆积/ 34 007 崩源区 92 675 B02 崩塌堆积/ 117 392 崩源区 308 142 B03 崩塌堆积/ 860 崩源区 13 099 B04 崩塌堆积/ 1 823 崩源区 50 223 B05 崩塌堆积/ 6 749 崩源区 238 141 B06 崩塌堆积/ 5 458 崩源区 251 888 B07 崩塌堆积/ 37 214 崩源区 99 637 B08 崩塌堆积/ 7 554 崩源区 51 521 B09 崩塌堆积/ 31 383 崩源区 101 061 B10 崩塌堆积/ 10 777 崩源区 67 932 B11 崩塌堆积/ 39 192 崩源区 210 429 B12 崩塌堆积/ 32 823 崩源区 39 066 B13 崩塌堆积/ 14 445 崩源区 19 994 B14 崩塌堆积/ 131 017 崩源区 714 128 B15 崩塌堆积/ 77 610 崩源区 177 990 B16 崩塌堆积/ 79 078 崩源区 311 705 B17 崩塌堆积/ 12 208 崩源区 153 766 BQ01 冰碛物 2 416 559 BQ02 冰碛物 406 753
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表 6 然乌湖口崩滑物源统计表
Table 6. Statistics of avalanche source in Ranwu Lake Estuary
编号 面积/m2 BH01 1 015 BH02 467 BH03 2 052 BH04 352 BH05 596 BH06 839 BH07 378 BH08 507 BH09 731 BH10 3 858 BH11 460 BH12 1 465 BH13 2 001
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