Analysis on evolution process and movement mechanism of the Luojiapo landslide in Heifangtai, Gansu Province
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摘要:
2015年4月29日7时50分，甘肃省永靖县黑方台发生了大规模的滑坡，滑坡体积达1.27×106 m3，摧毁了14户民房和3家工厂，造成直接经济损失5460万元。在对灾害现场进行大量地质调查的基础上，结合遥感、三维激光扫描等综合调查手段和现场视频监测资料，对罗家坡滑坡演化滑动特征进行了详细描述，对滑坡高速远程机制进行了解析。研究结果表明：罗家坡滑坡从时间线上先后经过5个阶段5种滑动形态,分别是黄土错落-碎屑流、黄土泥岩-碎屑流、黄土-碎屑流、黄土泥流和黄土错落滑动阶段。滑坡运动模式可分为块体碎屑流和黄土泥流两种类型，其中块体-碎屑流高速远程形成机制与先期滑体的“填凹造床效应”和高含水的下垫面土体密切相关。研究结果对于进一步加深对黑方台地区高速远程滑坡的形成机制的认识和风险控制具有积极的指导意义。
Abstract:At 7:50 on April 29, 2015, a large-scale landslide occurred in Heifangtai, Yongjing County, Gansu Province, with a landslide volume of 126.88 × 104 m3, destroying 14 houses and three factories, resulting in a direct economic loss of 54.6 million yuan. Based on a large number of geological investigations on the disaster site, combined with comprehensive investigation means such as remote sensing, three-dimensional laser scanning and on-site video monitoring data, this paper evolution and sliding characteristics of Luojiapo landslide in detail, and analyzes the high-speed remote mechanism of the landslide. The results show that Luojiapo landslide has gone through five stages and five sliding forms from the timeline: loess staggered debris flow, loess mudstone debris flow, loess debris flow, loess mudflow and loess staggered sliding. The landslide movement mode can be divided into two types: block debris flow and loess mud flow. The high-speed and long-distance formation mechanism of block debris flow is closely related to the “concave bed filling effect” of the previous landslide and the underlying surface soil with high water content. The research results have positive guiding significance for further deepening the understanding of the formation mechanism and risk control of high-speed and long-distance landslides in the Heifangtai area.
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Key words:
- Heifangtai /
- loess landslide /
- debris flow /
- mud flow /
- high-speed remote /
- mechanism
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表 1 不同期次滑坡的运动特征参数
Table 1. Motion characteristic parameters of landslides in different stages
滑坡分期 滑源区
长度/m加速区
长度/m减速堆积
区/m滑动距离
/m平均速度
/（m·s−1）最大速度
/（m·s−1）黄土泥岩
滑坡99 221 115 435 4.20 9.3 第一次黄土
碎屑流137 230 122 489 5.71 15.0 第二次黄土
碎屑流186 290 335 625 6.01 18.6 黄土泥流 155 277 184 461 10.70 13.2 
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