Inventory and distribution feature of shallow landslides triggered by heavy rain event in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province in April 2024
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摘要:
针对2024年4月广东韶关极端暴雨事件，基于降雨前后高分辨率遥感影像，采用目视解译法提取滑坡边界，并结合实地调查进行验证，构建详细的滑坡编目库（
6310 处浅层滑坡），并对其分布特征、几何形态及控制因素进行系统分析。分析结果显示：此次滑坡分布具有显著的空间聚集性，高密度区域呈北东—南西方向集中，面积多集中在102～103 m2的小规模范围内；滑坡的几何形态特征揭示了其流动性与起始高差及长宽比之间的密切关系；高程、坡度、坡向、地形湿度指数等自然地形因子显著影响滑坡的分布与规模，人为活动和河流水动力过程在滑坡触发中也起到关键作用。研究成果不仅深化了对极端降雨触发滑坡机制的理解，还为区域性滑坡防灾减灾和早期预警体系建设提供了科学依据。Abstract:This study addresses the extreme rainfall event in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, in April 2024. Utilizing high-resolution remote sensing imagery before and after the rainfall, landslide boundary were delineated through visual interpretation and verified by field validation. A detailed landslide inventory of 6 310 shallow landslides was constructed. The spatial distribution, geometric characteristics, and controlling factors of these landslides were systematically analyzed. Key Results include: (1) Spatial Distribution: The landslides demonstrated significant spatial clustering, with high-density regions concentrated along a northeast-southwest axis. Most landslides were small-scale, ranging from 102 to 103m2. (2) Geometric Characteristics: The analysis revealed a strong correlation between landslide mobility, initiating elevation differences, and the aspect ratios. (3) Controlling Factors: Natural terrain factors such as elevation, slope gradient, aspect, and the topographic wetness index (TWI) significantly influenced landslide distribution and scale. Additionally, human activities and riverine dynamics also played critical roles in triggering these landslides. This study not only deepens the understanding of landslide mechanisms triggered by extreme rainfall, but also provides a scientific basis for regional landslide disaster prevention, mitigation, and early warning system development.
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Key words:
- extreme rainfall /
- shallow landslide /
- spatial distribution /
- landslide inventory
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表 1 土地利用类型编号
Table 1. Land use type codes
编号 具体类型 10 雨养耕地 11 草本植被覆盖 20 灌溉耕地 51 开阔常绿阔叶林 52 封闭常绿阔叶林 61 开阔落叶阔叶林 62 封闭落叶阔叶林 71 开阔常绿针叶林 72 封闭常绿针叶林 120 灌木地 121 常青灌木地 180 湿地 190 不透水面 210 水体 
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